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Socialization is a process by which individuals learn the social skills for need to integrate well to the community or society. These rules are imposed from outside unto individual or they are self imposed by individuals. Socialization is an unconscious process by which a young born child internalize societal norms believes and values. Evaluative, affective and cognitive are the three key processes of socialization. Socialization study on the emotional link between members of the society and also is a process of learning how things are done. It is a learning process the child goes through to become a member of a society. With socialization an individual will learn how to carry out specific activities that society expects of them to undertake. There are agents of socialization and they are different with regard to the type of the society. Family is the key agent of socialization because the child is brought up in a family implying that family is the major agent of socialization greatly responsible of whom an individual will become in the society. Family is also the first agent of socialization. The society complexity determines the kind of socialization agents that will emerge. There are different units of socialization that vary with complexity. We are living currently in a very complex society of which the educational system is the key socializing agents while in the old societies the major socializing agent is clans, and lineages. Socialization is a process that is not quick, it take years.

Socialization process is a continuous process with no certain beginning and end. However the scholars in the field of sociology have come up with some stages of socialization, the oral, anal and oedipal stage. The family is very central to the socialization at every stage. The first stage of socialization involves sole interaction between a mother and a child with the rest of the family not playing any role at this stage. The child at infancy can’t pay attention or recognize anybody other than his mother. Second stage starts after the first year and ends when the child is 3 or more years. This stage is very critical because it is the first time an infant separate the role of the mother and his own role. A child is also made to learn some few things with application of little pressure on the child. The third socialization stage begins at age 4 and end at age 13. The third stage ends at puberty stage. At the third stage the child become a full member of the family and can identify his role as a family member. A child at this stage basically identifies himself with the role assigned to her. The fourth stage begins at puberty when a child wants freedom from parental control. He has to choose a job and a partner for himself. He also learns about incest taboo. At this stage a child can separate the role dedicated to him with the role played by different members of the family.

Socialization according to me is the process whereby an infant must go through to become a viable member of the community. I also understand it to be a process essential for an individual to become a functional member of the society.

Resocialization is the process by which adults adjust to new groups or changes in life circumstances. Social roles are drastically changed or rather altered. Sigmund Freud psychoanalytic theories divide the individual’s personality into id, ego, and superego. It differs from other theories because this theory postulates that if the superego does not develop enough to overcome the id there will emerge antisocial behavior, a child must therefore develop normally. This theory has some similarities and differences with Lawrence Kohlberg moral development theory. The similarity for example is the fact that this theory states that children develop their ability to be critical and to act morally through different stages. If this stage is not followed adolescent might not come to the realization that society and parents have set up some rules to be followed and if they are not followed it will lead to bad behaviors society do not approve of. Whereas boys tend to use formal rules to decide what is right or wrong, girls tend to take personal relationships into account. There are more similarities however than dissimilarities because both involve a child socialization to become a responsible adult with specific roles in the society. Children go through the 3 main stages of socialization to become integrated members of the society.