8 pages based on the sources

2

Annotated Bibliography

Jie Yu

Hanna Griffing

North Arizona University

Annotated Bibliography

Mckibben,B (2009). Our energy challenge. Powering Our Planet (77-82). National Geographic.

There are many challenges that come from energy use. Also, the article gives us information about how we can manage the energy. Also, it tells us we should use renewable energy because it protects our life.

The author is Bill McKibben, who published “our energy challenge” in a book published by National Geographic. The author is also credible because National Geographic used his subject and displayed it on the site.

It is a useful source because we can use the examples and the credible information. In the article there is good background information. I can use it in my introduction. I can also use the pictures in the article to show the amount of the problem.

Excerpts:

1. “By the end of the summer, there was 22 percent less ice than ever observed before” (79).

2. “The coal also leads to global warming, dry air, and flood stage.”

Kerr, R. (2010). Do we have the energy for the next transition? Science, 329, 780-781.

There are many explain about energy’s work. Also, the author gives us much information about two different energies; one of these is non-renewable resource such as fossil fuels and oil, another one is renewable resource such as water, wind, and solar.

The author is Kerr, R, who published by AAAS from www.sciencemag.org. The author is also credibility because AAAS used his article and displayed it on the site and the website.

It is a very useful source because I can get some information about fossil fuels and oil’s consumption. Also I can use some examples to explain why renewable sources are important.

Excerpts:

1. “A coal mine or oil field, for instance, yields five to 50 times more power per square meter than a solar facility, 10 to 100 times more than a wind farm, and 100 to 1000 times more than a biomass plant.” (780)

2. There is only one quality here, as geographic distribution, in a suitable renewable energy and fossil fuel prices changed cheaper. (781)

Chu,S. & Majumdar, A (2012). Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future, Nature, 488, 294-303.

These source is a very specific article because these article include too many information about industrial revolution background. From the history we can know the development about the energy develop.

The article is credibility because the source is 2012 Macmillan publishers limited. And the authors are Steven Chu and Arun Majumdar, who published US Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington DC 20585, USA. Online 15 August 2012，

It is a useful source because in these article we can get lots of information, history of industrial revolution and some transportation from energy future, these source offer us some history background about opportunities and challenges for sustain energy.

Excerpts:

1. “Large volumetric changes in the electrodes have led to designs in which micro-or nanostructures are embedded in a conducting and flexible matrix to allow for the relief of mechanical stresses.” (295)

2. Offshore wind farm is an attractive source of energy, because they are far enough and can lighten the burden on the local, but also be placed near the center of the local population. (300)

V.Ryan.(2005). What is solar energy?

There are some sides about what is solar energy, and the author gives us some specific details about solar energy. Also there are some history about solar energy’s origin, we can know how does solar energy working.

The author is V.Ryan, who has written many articles in website, the article is credibility because there are some good pictures in the article shows audience that solar energy’s operating principle.

It is a very useful source because audience can know the working principle of solar energy, and there are very specific steps in the article about solar energy’s working, these article offer too many information about introduction of solar energy.

Excerpts:

1. Solar power is from the sun, if not its existence, Earth will eventually end all life energy.

2. “Modern solar panels are a combination of magnifying glasses and fluid filled pipes.”

Shahan,Z. (2014). Solar Energy Advantages vs Disadvantages. Source: Cost of Solar.

This source explains different sides of solar energy, the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy. From these article, we can know some information about why is solar energy good for our life and some disadvantages of solar energy.

The author is Zachary Shahan, the article is credibility because these article is on website and it is from clean technica, the author is also credibility because he written many articles in the website.

It is a very useful article because we can get too much information about different between two sides of solar energy, advantages and disadvantages. The author uses many different points to show us advantages of solar energy and disadvantages such as in financial and climate.

Excerpts:

1. “In 1977, the price of solar panels was about 100 times more than today. In 2000, the average price of solar panels was about twice as high as it is today. Even in 2008, the price of solar panels was about 80% higher than today.”

2. One of the consequences of global warming is to increase the probability of the occurrence of drought, such as the western United States, Southwest and Great Plains. There are even a great chance in the Colorado River will dry up.