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Did Gandhi Influence on Martin Luther King, Jr. principles of non violent agitation for basic human rights?

Liqaa Alotair

Facilitator

26th March 2015

Michale J. Nojeim Gandhi and King: "The Power of Nonviolent Resistance." Greenwood Publishing Group 331 pages Jan 1 2004.

Michale J. Nojeim in this book looks at the various similarities shared by both Mohandas Koromchand Gandhi and Martin Luther King Junior as regards their stand on use of non violent means in seeking equality for their various communities. He presents the individual lives of both men starting with Gandhi’s and then Kings Life, and compares how both men used nonviolence as a strategy for communicating the various grievances of their people .Michael J, Nojeim is a distinguished authority in political science and teaches Gandhi and King he also specialises in non violence making his book a good addition to this research.

Burrow Rufus. “Martin Luther King, Jr. for Armchair Theologians”. Westminster John Knox Press, 2009 - Religion - 194 pages.

Burrows in this text looks at the life of Martin Luther King Junior. He investigates the way King thought as well as his life. The book looks at how King adopted various Gandhian principles into the struggle of the South and how he modeled them to the troubles in the South. It chronologies the conversion into using nonviolence strategies. Over the last two decades Rufus Burrow has authored many texts on Martin Luther King; this therefore makes his voice a good

Addition to this research process as it helps to see what doctrines of Gandhi that King used in his campaigns and the journey to his conversion into Gandhism.

Pandiri Ananda M. “A. Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi: Books and pamphlets about Mahatma Gandhi”. Volume 2 of A Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi, Ananda M. Pandiri Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995.

Ananda M. Pandiris in this book looks at the life and times of Mohandas Gandhi. He chronologies in a very comprehensive manner a bibliographical account of Gandhi gotten from publishers, libraries, from India to Britain the US and South Africa where Gandhi stated for 21 years. The author of this book has extensive knowledge of Gandhi and travels the world teaching and researching on Gandhi. Compared to the book by Rufus Burrow this book looks at Gandhi while Burrows looks at Kings Life and legacy and together this books tell the stories of this different men and will help in making comparison more easily. This text will help in bringing out the details of the maikingof a civil activist and what made Gandhi the man he became4

Lakshmi Rama. “Son Marks Martin Luther King's 1959 Visit to India”. Washington post. Wednesday, February 18, 2009.Web. 15th Feb. 2015.

This news paper article looks at the pilgrimage of Martin Luther King the third to India where he went to retrace his father’s footsteps from when he had visited in February of 1959. Martin Luther King III while in India learnt of the special honor his father bestowed upon Gandhi during his visit fifty years back when he and his mother Coretta Scott King had visited, and learnt of the nonviolent ways used by Gandhi . Gandhi it is said in the article had immense influence on how Dr. King chose to run the Civil rights movement in America, and while in India, King visited many places where Gandhi had lived even sleeping in a room he had slept in. This resource is going to be a good contribution to the argument on how Gandhi influenced Dr King’s philosophy on non violence as it speaks of his pilgrimage and of his son after that and of how people from both America and India saw and still see this connections. This article complements the works of Michale J. Nojeim which compared the lives of the true great civil rights activists now this shows as one of the leaders experiences first-hand the experiences of the other and his son carrying on the torch of exploration of the values both men held so dearly.5

5 Gandhi in his various interactions with then British colonialists of India eventually led to the freeing of India after 200 years of British rule.

“Martin Luther King, JR. AND THE GLOBAL FREEDOM STRUGGLE.(n.d.).Web. Feb 15th 2015.

This article looks at the life of Gandhi and how he influenced the political reforms of both India and America through his standing up against the British and in his influence of Martin Luther King. According to this page King's first interaction with Gandhi’s principles was at the Crozer Theological Seminary. In one of his classes he is said to have singled out Gandhi as "Individuals who greatly reveal the working of the spirit of God" .It adds that King placed Gandhi’s philosophy at the same level as Christianity and he says that “Christ showed us the way and Gandhi in India showed it could work. This article is a good addition to the other mentioned sources in this text as it shows the beginning of Dr King’s relationship with the ways of Gandhi thus further strengthening the fact that he was heavily influenced by Gandhi’s ways6

6 The first time Martin Luther King used strategies of non violent direct action was during the 1955 to 1956 Montgomery bus boycotts

� A look into how Martin Luther King Junior was influenced by the nonviolence doctrines as practiced by Mahatma Gandhi.

� A Child Shall Lead Them: Martin Luther King Jr., Young People, and the Movement

Extremist for Love: Martin Luther King Jr., Man of Ideas and Nonviolent Social Action

Their life’s work and their ultimate sacrifice-by an assassin’s bullet as each tirelessly and steadfastly preached nonviolent reconciliation-point us in the direction that will leave all people with more hope for the new millennium.

� Some of the books that Rufus Burrows has authored on Dr. King include “ A Child Shall Lead Them: Martin Luther King Jr., Young People, and the Movement Also Extremist for Love: Martin Luther King Jr., Man of Ideas and Nonviolent Social Action use it: it is economical and flexible.

4 The author of this book has extensive knowledge of Gandhi and travels the world teaching and researching on Gandhi.