Learning Reflection

From previous centuries onwards, a woman working has been a controversial topic for the society as a whole whether the people deciding were conservative or liberals. The evidence collected from the past centuries has indicated a heavy bias against woman working or a woman working force in general. The discrimination and the inequality shown by the society has been had a great effect on the working conditions of woman usually considered to be household workers or bound to the family. One of the main focus points of the literature is the balance a woman has to keep between work and family. In the peer reviewed article titled as “Work-Family Balance or Greedy Organizations?” it is examined that how woman tend to keep a balance in their work and family matters by analyzing data collected in an Australian hospital for two decades. (Burchielli-etall, 2008) In the article the discussions starts off with how women have been trying to find balance in their work life as well as their families. The article mentions two key factors; one is the role changing of woman across various fields from being bound to home and coming out more often. (Calas and Smircich, 1996) The other factor is the highlighting of the work and family balance by woman. The articles mention that there has been a deregulation in the labor laws in the past few decades in Australia which has led to more women in the labor force. (Beynon et all, 2002) It also mentions that the increase in women in the labor market has directly led to the longer working hours and more work which leads to less time for the family, entertainment and the community. In the recent years the authorities have tried to promote balance in work and family life by working women. (De Bruin and Dupuis, 2004) The papers mentioned above have specific topics to talk about and do not touch the topic in details relating to other factors in field i.e. of the balance between worklife and family life of a woman. Women were not taken seriously as leaders as long as the late 1980s and were not given managerial positions in corporations. (Rice, 2002) This has changed recently and more women are given chances at leading corporations which have led to higher returns for some companies and statistically proven that companies with more women in managerial and top level positions lead to increase in the shareholders wealth. (Verboom, 2004) The gender inequality of the past that women were not capable has been shunned in the modern multinational corporations. Accepting woman in the work force, especially in the higher positions has led to an increase in the talent pool and companies have become more advance in their research process as gender diversification leads to an increase in ideas and innovation all across various industries. There has been a lot of focus lately on the research of the promotion and handling of giving higher jobs to women. (J Ford, 2009) The gap between the productivity of woman when compared to men is still low in some industries despite efforts to reduce the gaps. (Kupfer, 2011) Gender Equality still needs to influence the current industries to promote women to higher positions equally to the promotion of men in similar positions. There is still a restrained towards woman who want to increase their chances of promotion and moving up the ladder in the industries. (Kupfer, 2011) There has been a shocking revealing in the articles that women are still considered as commodities when it comes to the type of work given to woman as seen in the advertising and media industries. The men in power in the mentioned industries consider women to be a commodity of the labor markets. (Wahlgren, 2009) Despite focus of woman in managerial positions in some papers, the papers focus on the work life balance of woman in a society that expects woman to be the main house makers and bring in income in the hard economic times.

In the recent times organizations have become more similar in the treatment of their workers and taking more work in lesser times and comparatively lesser money. Women have been the most affected group by this behavior of the corporations. The management of the companies try to extract more work and value out of their employees without an increase in pay and more working hours. (Franzway 2001) According to some researchers, woman that have good experiences with handling their families are far better suited with managerial positions than woman that do not have experience with families. (Ruderman et al. 2002) Some of the studies suggest that the association between family role commitment and work life is a false notion. (Graves, Ohlott and Ruderman, 2007) Moreover, some of the articles suggest that people in managerial and higher positions have more difficulty in managing the balance between work-life and family. The reports also find differences between the behaviors of men and women when it comes to keeping balance between work and family especially for those of higher and senior management positions. Men tend to be more suitable for the jobs as compared to women due to the women’s reluctance to take up more work in order to keep balance towards their family. (Drew and Murtagh, 2005) Some of the articles suggest that employees will have more job satisfaction, job security, loyalty towards the employers and the much better support for the organization they’re working for when they are provided with organizational support for balancing the work and their families. (Scandura and Lankau, 1997) The article suggests that not only corporations but the households, churches and government agencies act as greedy institutions too. (Coser, 1974) This means that the organizations also claim their right on the individual to work for them as much as the woman is capable of, in some cases even in excess. This means that the woman is expected show exclusive loyalty at all times. (Coser, 1974) There is a manipulation in the society to hold one individual under their radar and not form any ties to other institutions so that the individual is only loyal to that particular organization. (Franzway, 2001) There has been an increase in the innovations by the management to increase the work which has led to direct degradation and intensification of the work in all industrial sectors which in turn claim the organizations right over the workers time and behaviors. (Peetz, 2006) The conflict between the work and family balance still exists in the form of the roles performed by a woman in the society. It means that there needs to be a balance between the work life and family life of a woman in all contexts. (De Cieri, 2005) The demands in the work life as well as the family life have a conflict and the roles taken by the women are sometimes incompatible with the roles i.e. they overlap and create a conflict when it comes to balance in both. As this paper is talking about the issues faced by a particular gender in the society, the conflict between work and family life in a woman’s life is a significant issue. (Chapman, 2004) There have a hundreds of questions raised when it comes to the woman’s role and mindset about the issues they face whether they should act freely upon their will or be bound to the pressures of the society in a fixed role. Whether a woman is satisfied to be just a household individual or someone who likes to take more roles other than being a mother and a housewife. (de Beauvoir, 1989)

Scenario Plan From the current trends identified from the readings in the literature review and the analysis of the past trends, we can conclude that in the future, more and more women will represent the working force in all kinds of industries. The work will be more efficiently done than present and a lot more organizations will look after their women workforce. Workplace equality will be promoted by the companies as a part of their social campaigns and women will be encouraged to work for companies by the provision of incentives. The governments will introduce legislations for safety regulations protecting women and women’s rights much more than the present. The society as a whole will be more educated and less misogynist towards the working of women in jobs that were traditionally known to be men’s work. Discrimination against woman has been criminalized in several countries and will be done so all over the world. From the observations in the current trends, women will be paid much better comparatively to today. There might be slight differences still in the pays of men and women. Woman will be trusted to take up leadership roles in the workplace. The concept of the a woman balancing between family and work time will lean more towards work as economy grows and people tend to focus on their jobs. Therefore, family time will be reduced. The population will age and women are more likely to have fewer children. This will in turn increase the quality of life as a whole in the society. This will create a conflict in whether women should give more time towards their family and children instead of their worklife. There will be promotion of multi-cultural and multi ethnic workforce with a balance between men and women. The society is tending to become more diverse and welcoming towards people of other race and genders and there will more openness towards the orientation and thinking of individuals. From the observations of the current trends, the middle class will grow but there will be bigger difference between the rich and the poor of the society. The class discrimination will be less than today despite an increase in the financial class of the society. The society is leaning towards a more open and diverse culture. Women are therefore expected to be more open towards new cultures and trends and thus increasing their chance of working in different environments in different workplaces. There will be more appreciative approach by the management of organizations for the performance of the individuals and an increase in mutual respect amongst the women workers and management. More competition is bound to be created in the white collar woman workforce as a result of a spread in education and a large amount of woman earning diplomas and graduation degrees in various fields. Countries that were known to be more discriminative towards the working and education of woman will slowly open up and allow a larger woman workforce, which is also a direct result of an increase in education. As a result of growth in science and technology, the health of woman will drastically improve. Promotion of healthy woman with fewer children will reduce the psychological stress. These developments will be slowly introduced to the countries not known for equal treatment of woman and will increase the chances a reduced rate in population growth and increased education rate.

In some research conducted In the articles (Tausig & Fenwick, 2001) provide more analysis on how flexible working environments affect the balance in the work-life conditions of the women. Worklife balance is not affected by the flexible scheduling and the part time employment. (Tausig & Fenwick, 2001) The research suggests that scaling back of work to keep the balance towards family has an adverse effect on the income and thus has a negative effect on the financial and career costs leading to a longterm harm of the individual. Therefore, women opt to work more and are not able to keep a balance between their work life and family. There is no clear conclusion as determined by the various reports having different conclusions on the work life balance of women in the modern society. This results in mixed conclusions from the researched findings. When it comes to the matter of managerial positions, women that are placed on well-paying jobs with educated backgrounds tend to favor more of supportive policies. (Whitehouse, Baird, and Hoskin, 2007) To cope up with work life balance, some better paid workers hire nannies or maids for their households, this looks to be an increasing trend and in the future there will be a certain increase in maids/nannies. Such opportunities are availed by managers and top level positions as they belong to higher income level than the workers. The family demands can therefore be met by the workers along with their duties towards their workplace.

The findings in the literary work and the scope after reading the papers has suggested that there is huge gap between the future trends that have to be achieved and the work at the present. There is a huge gap in the workplaces in terms of gender diversity that needs to be addressed immediately by organizations and the governments. This gap which has been created over the years as something which is derived from the society’s attitude towards the working of woman out of their homes. Measures such as specific laws and regulations have to be kept in place in order to achieve a close in the gap. Companies need to move forward in hiring women in more positions traditionally known to be the work of men. More women need to be hired in top level and managerial positions in order to reduce the imbalance in the power distribution among the genders. More roles are needed to be introduced at workplaces for women to replace men; Women should be encouraged to work in positions not known to be that of women.

According to the articles we can find out that education plays a very important role in promotion of women in better positions. An educated society is more leaned towards gender equality and educated men are known to be promoters of equality amongst men and women. This has to be done at grassroots levels all over the world. Girls should be encouraged to work and be educated as they grow. The education starts from school level and moreover in the households. Daughters should be encouraged to perform household tasks usually performed by men. Boys should be taught the importance of treating women with respect. Education therefore is a very important factor in helping reduce the imbalance in diversity.

Society as a whole needs in various countries need to work together to improve women’s rights and men’s approach towards the working of women. Therefore, a future society with better prospects for women will be created with a balance in workplace diversification and the payscales. More education will also promote better prospects for women to take up managerial positions. It is recommended that in the next few years, organizations have to drastically change their point of view and order their employees for a better treatment of women employees with better payscales and a reduction in the gap between men and women. A better education, family life, healthier eating and exercising habits can be adopted by women to live a stress-free and quality life which will boost confidence enough for women to take up better and more responsible jobs. Educated women will be aware of their rights and therefore will be more demanding which will in turn create equality. As women know their rights, they will create a better workplace for themselves.

In order to keep a work-family balance, women need to reconsider their approach towards their work and family by rescheduling and dividing their time equally. Women need to plan ahead for their careers as well as settling down with families. As women have to take care of their children, it can take a hit on their career. Family oriented women can always reduce their work hours to focus on their family in order to achieve better results in living a less stressful life. Women adopting newer methods can lead to a balance and more responsibilities can be shared amongst men and women.

The division of labor needs to be equal amongst men and women. This can achieved via an increase in the proportion of work for woman that is usually done by men.

It is recommended that there should be an increase in laws introduced by the government to implement the equality and protect the working women. In order for the women to obtain rights, the lawmakers have to put in better laws which are clear and precise to order to increase the protection of women. To prevent further discriminations in check, the governments should introduce agencies that inspect and follow up with organizations that employ women. This will also promote a better work environment. Any laws introduced by the government will help the working women in job security when it comes to things such as maternity leaves, so that they can safely return back to work.

To decrease the discrimination in payscales, laws should be introduced such that all the employees are paid equally. There should be more laws that implement equal salaries for men and women alike. Organizations themselves should take a charge in leading towards equality in the workplace. The employers should encourage hiring of more females and equal payments are paid to both the genders for the work done so that there are no differences among the genders. The organizations that employ should advertise jobs for both men and women equally despite some of the jobs requiring only men to fill the positions. Women should get equal chance to prove themselves that can perform certain tasks traditionally known to be done by men. The organizations should not assume that the applicants won’t be able to handle the work and should give equal chances to all the applicants. To improve the work-life balance, organizations should consider the work and family life of the women employees in cases such as maternity leave. Any organization that helps its employees in these matters will get a motivated and loyal workforce. The organizations should introduce programs to decrease work pressure and help the employees reduce stress by giving them facilities. Implementation of working hours that are flexible can help the family women in creating a better balance between their work and family life. This can help woman accomplish their household work as well pursue their careers. The stress is due to women outsourcing their own family work to other sources such as nannies and daycares. The organizations should give newer and better benefits for new mothers. This can be done by providing a paid leave during the maternity days so that the mothers can spend some time with their newborns. All the above recommendations and regulations will help the women achieve a better work-life balance. This is beneficial for the society as well as the organizations in the long run as they will be employing encouraged and happy staff. This will reduce the gap between the genders in all matters and women will be able to gain a much a better balance between their work-life.

Conclusion

From all of the above studies, we can come to a conclusion that a lot of work is to be done by the society as a whole to improve the situation of work and family life and the balance in the work-life as a working women. We can also conclude that the progress is not enough for a perfect future with perfect gender diversity in work environment in all kinds of organizations. Progress is in the making with tiny steps in the last few decades that have given women more rights and duties alongside men. Open discrimination still exists against the women who try to achieve equal jobs with men. There have been cases of women not being trusted enough to do the job that are fully capable of doing. The society is needs to be educated to improve their backward attitude towards a working woman. We can also conclude that, women are not able to achieve proper work-life balance due to them pursuing their careers and/or family over one another. A family oriented woman will have a hindrance in progressing of her career whereas a career oriented women will have difficulty in facing the family matters. We can conclude that the issue of work-life balance is still not solved as recommended and still needs a lot improvement for a better lifestyle of a woman worker. All of the above can be achieved by giving women more opportunities and rights for their workplaces. Organizations should be flexible towards working hours and leave of women that have newborn children so that they can focus on their family as well. The society needs better education and promotion of equality between men and women. The society is slowly progressing towards an equal world with equal opportunities for both men and women. Women are treated much better these days than they were treated previously. There are more laws being made that help the women of the society at large. Women’s rights are finally spoken of. There is still a lot of work to do in the matter of gender diversification. Women are enjoying more freedom as a result of this and will be able achieve better results for the tasks they perform including keeping a balance in their work-life and family.

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Appendices

Scenario Plan

Questions:

1. If there is a balance in the work life and family life of women? How can the balance be achieved?

2. If more women are given higher positions, how will they treat their job differently to men?

3. Does society have a major role in the mindset of the workforce? How can the problems faced by the women due to the society be tackled?

4. How does society impact the gender equality and diversification in various fields?

5. Why does the differences still exist despite an increase in the education?

6. How does society as whole treat the working women? If in a negative way, how can this be addressed?

7. Why does the problem of inequality still exist amongst the workforce in the 21st century?

8. What does the future hold for the women workforce in general?

9. Is it possible to achieve work-life balance in the present situation?

20