financial /accounting project

profilegsm123
example_of_project.xls

Required

Acct 522 Spring 2012 Financial Statement Project
Create an income statement, a balance sheet, and a cash flow statement for years X1 through X5. You may use any accounting principals that seem appropriate, providing that they are GAAP. Your goal is to maximize the firm’s common stock price at the end of year 5, by making savvy accounting and financial decisions. You should think of yourself as the CFO (chief financial officer) of this firm.
REQUIRED
Part One (85% of grade):
In this assignment, assume that you are creating actual statements for years X1-X5. You will be graded on how well you do the accounting, the reasonableness of your assumptions and the appearance and “presentation” of your financial statements.
Part Two (25%)
As of the end of year five, do a five-year financial analysis of your company. At a minimum level you should calculate all the ratios that were covered in class. Write a one-page financial analysis that provides a prospective investor with a good overview of the most recent financial results of the company. You will be graded on how well your analysis fits the information from your company.
Hint: You will probably have to do financial analyses of other companies in courses like Finance and Strategy. This part of the project is an opportunity to create a financial forecasting/analysis framework that you can transport to other classes. Strange as it might seem, this framework might even be useful in “real life”.
Bonus
To make the project more realistic I have am asking you to think like a CFO. You will not be graded on the quality of your financial decisions. Your grade will be based on how well you do the accounting. To make the project more interesting I am adding a $20 prize for the individual who maximizes stock price in year X5. The primary criterion is the market value of the stock at the end of year 5, which in this case is directly related to GAAP EPS and pertains to your GAAP statements. (HINT: the price per share depends on how many shares are outstanding. You need to think hard about how much stock you sell in the first year of your analysis.)

Balance Sheet

Acct 522 Spring 2012
Project Boylan
Balance Sheet for the year ending 12/31/X0
Assets x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 assumption
Cash 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000
Marketable Securities 3,514,597
Accounts Receivable 415,000 435750.00 457537.50 480414.38 504435.09 529656.85 5%
Inventory 308,000
Other Assets 150,000 157,500 165,375 173,644 182,326 191,442 5%
Current Assets 4,587,597
Equipment 2,200,000
Accumulated Depreciation 660,000
Fixed Assets 1,540,000
Total Assets 6,127,597
Liabilities and Equity
Accounts Payable 880,000
Other Current Liabilities 50,000
Current Liabilities 930,000
Mortgages 0
Retained Earnings 930,000
Common Stock 400,000
Paid in Capital 3,400,000
Retained Earnings 1,397,597
Total Equity 5,197,597
Total Liabilities and Equity 6,127,597

Income Statement

Acct 522 Spring 2012
Abridged Income Statement for the year ended 12/31/X0 x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 assumption
Sales 4,150,000 7221000 12,853,380 22,879,016 40,724,649 72,489,876 4%
Cost of Goods Sold 1,826,000 $ 2,943,985.74 $ 4,467,136.40 $ 6,778,330.25 $ 10,285,282.76 $ 15,606,652.00
Gross Profit 2,324,000 $ 4,277,014.26 $ 8,386,243.60 $ 16,100,686.15 $ 30,439,366.44 $ 56,883,223.56
Operating expenses
wages expense 355,520 $ 362,630 $ 369,883 $ 377,281 $ 384,826 $ 392,523 2%
Depre. Expense 660,000 $ 880,952 $ 880,952 $ 880,952 $ 880,952 $ 880,952
Misc expense 100,000 $ 102,000 $ 104,040 $ 106,121 $ 108,243 $ 110,408 2%
Intrest Expense $ 395,555.24 $ 383,352.12 $ 370,527.31 $ 357,049.14 $ 342,884.32
Total Operating expenses 1,115,520 $ 1,741,138 $ 1,738,228 $ 1,734,881 $ 1,731,071 $ 1,726,768
Net income before taxes 1,208,480 $ 2,535,876.24 $ 6,648,016.09 $ 14,365,804.98 $ 28,708,295.42 $ 55,156,455.98
Taxes 410,883 862197.920254045 2260325.46957159 4928031.7447491 10047903.3855081 19304759.5813751
Net Income 797,597 $ 1,673,678.32 $ 4,387,690.62 $ 9,437,773.24 $ 18,660,392.03 $ 35,851,696.39
Beg Bal RE 660,000
Div Declared 60,000
End Bal RE 1,397,597
Helpful Hint:
Taxable Income ($) Tax Rate[21]
0 to 50,000 15%
50,000 to 75,000 $7,500 + 25% Of the amount over 50,000
75,000 to 100,000 $13,750 + 34% Of the amount over 75,000
100,000 to 335,000 $22,250 + 39% Of the amount over 100,000
335,000 to 10,000,000 $113,900 + 34% Of the amount over 335,000
10,000,000 to 15,000,000 $3,400,000 + 35% Of the amount over 10,000,000
15,000,000 to 18,333,333 $5,150,000 + 38% Of the amount over 15,000,000
18,333,333 and up 35%

Assumptions

Acct 522 Spring 2012
ASSUMPTIONS:
1 On 1/1/X1 the company purchased additional land, plant, and equipment totaling $7,500,000. You must decide how much is allocated to each category and how you will depreciate each category. Remember that each category has different depreciation rules. Be sure to show the “Historical Cost” for each category (property, plant and equipment) and the associated amount of accumulated depreciation on the balance sheet. You must also decide how the original equipment was depreciated and its asset life.
2 On 1/1/X1 the company took out a mortgage to cover part of the cost of the purchases. The interest rate is 5.0%, the payments are quarterly and the maturity is 20 years. You must decide how much of a loan you think you will need, given your current financial structure. You also have the option of selling common stock to raise some of the money to pay for the asset expansion. You must take out a loan for at least $1,500,000. The maximum amount you can borrow is $8,000,000. You must decide the optimum amount of debt and equity. Please include a loan amortization schedule of your particular loan that shows the interest expense for each year.
3 Sales (in units) increases by 74% in the first year and will grow by 4% additional each year. So, there is a 78% growth in sales in year 2, an 82% growth rate in year 3,... The sales price is $46 in year X0, and the price increases by 22% each year.
4 To make the analysis less complicated, assume all units in ending inventory at 12/31/X0, units in CGS, have a unit cost of $22. In successive years, the number of units in the ending balance of inventory will increase by 6.0% each year. The unit cost of inventory increases by 4% each year. Hint: you will have to decide which inventory method to use for your analysis. I suggest either LIFO or FIFO.
5 As the balance sheet shows, the firm needs $200,000 in the cash account for transactions purposes. The firm takes any extra cash and invests the cash in marketable securities. You have an option of investing in corporate securities or municipal securities. The corporate securities have a return of 4.9% and the municipal securities have a return of 4.1%, but the municipal securities are federal income tax-free. Interest revenue is calculated by taking the previous year’s ending balance in marketable securities and multiplying by the rate of return from the type of securities selected. For instance, if you decide to invest in municipal securities during year one, (X1), and had $1,000,000 in marketable securities at the end of year zero, and an interest rate of 4%, interest revenue for year X1 would be $40,000 ($1,000,000 * 0.04 = $40,000). This calculation of interest revenue is simplistic and obviously unrealistic, but will keep you from having a circular logic problem in your Excel modeling.
6 The abridged income statement in year zero (X0) needs some explanation. “Operating expenses” includes many accounts, such as wage expense, lease expense, etc. You will need to add a few line items to make the income statement more realistic. For instance, at a minimum you will need to add lines for miscellaneous expense, wage expense, depreciation expense, and interest expense. In the base year, all expenses are lumped together as “operating expenses”. In future income statements (X1-X5) you will need to show all material expenses as separate line items.
7 The federal corporate income taxes rates for all years will be the actual rates in effect for the current tax year. These Federal Corporate Tax Rates can be found on the internet. Be sure to show a schedule for how you calculated federal income tax. Ignore state income taxes. An important part of becoming financially savvy is to become familiar with tax rates and tax strategies. You are incouraged to do the research and use the current tax system for this project. As a fall-back, a tax table is also included with the income statement.
8 The P/E (called the price earnings ratio: price / earnings per share {EPS}) for all six years will be the same. That is to say that the P/E in period zero is the same as the P/E in all years. Assume the stock price at 12/31/x0 is $6.11. You need this assumption to calculate the P/E. If you decide to sell stock in period X1, you will need to calculate the stock price. Assume that the stock price on January 1, X1, when you need to raise money, will be based on the expected earnings of year X1. In other words, the market is guessing (accurately) about what your earnings will be as of year-end. You then use the P/E, using the EPS from year X1, to calculate the stock price. Remember, you may finance completely with debt, or you may elect to finance the new assets partly with debt and partly with the sale of additional common stock.
9 The par value of the stock is $0.20 (twenty cents per share). The particular exchange on which this stock is traded requires that the company have a minimum of 500,000 shares outstanding at all times.
10 Stock price will not go below $1.00 per share, in any year, even though you may have incurred a loss in any year.
11 Create a schedule to show stock price for each year, and how you calculated it.
12 You will need to make many assumptions in the process of creating the financial statements for years X1 through X5. Please make a list of your assumptions.

Checklist

Check list for the project:
1 Is presentation reasonable? Easy to understand? Are all 5 years, for each statement, on one Excel sheet, one sheet of paper?
2 Does the balance sheet balance?
3 Is retained earnings correct? (Beg Bal + NI – Div = Ending Bal)
4 Did you include an amortization table for the loan? Is interest expense correct on the income statement and the mortgage liability correctly stated on the balance sheet?
5 Are fixed assets done correctly? Is the gross value of NCA constant across all 5 years? Is Net Book Value (NBV) of NCA declining? Is accumulated depreciation shown on the balance sheet (accumulating)? Is depreciation expense correct on the income statement?
6 Have you separated current assets and current liabilities? Classified balance sheet?
7 Is there a table showing your tax expense calculation?
8 Is sales revenue correct?
9 Is there a schedule for CGS and ending inventory balances? Is CGS on the income statement and inventory on the balance sheet correct?
10 Are assumptions reasonable?
11 Is interest revenue reasonable?
12 Did you calculate ratios for all five years? What are the trends? Did you plot the ratios?
13 Did you do a written financial analysis?

sale

x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 assumptions
Sales in units 90217.4 128670.7 187732.7 273905.0 399631.9 583069.6
Sales price unit 46 56.12 68.4664 83.529008 101.90538976 124.3245755072 22%
Rev $ 4,150,000.00 $ 7,221,000.00 $ 12,853,380.00 $ 22,879,016.40 $ 40,724,649.19 $ 72,489,875.56
cost unit 22 22.88 23.80 24.75 25.74 26.77 4%
Units
Beg. Inventory 14000 14840 15730 16674 17675
Prchases 129511 188623 274849 400632 584130
goods available for slaes 143511 203463 290579 417307 601805
less: Endong Inventory 14000 14840 15730 16674 17675 18735 6%
COGS/sales 128671 187733 273905 399632 583070
Beg. Inventory $ 308,000.00 $ 339,539.20 $ 374,308.01 $ 412,637.15 $ 454,891.20
Prchases $ 2,963,204.94 $ 4,488,323.65 $ 6,801,687.07 $ 10,311,031.32 $ 15,635,037.21
goods available for slaes $ 3,271,204.94 $ 4,827,862.85 $ 7,175,995.09 $ 10,723,668.47 $ 16,089,928.41
less: Endong Inventory $ 327,219.20 $ 360,726.45 $ 397,664.83 $ 438,385.71 $ 483,276.41
COGS/sales $ 2,943,985.74 $ 4,467,136.40 $ 6,778,330.25 $ 10,285,282.76 $ 15,606,652.00

mortgage

Amt $ 8,000,000.00
i 1.25%
n 80
pmt ($158,772.19)
balance outstand total interest total principle
Data Pmt Interest Reduction in prencipile $ 8,000,000
1/1/x1 ($158,772.19) $ 100,000.00 ($58,772.19) $ 7,941,227.81
4/1/x1 ($158,772.19) $ 99,265.35 ($59,506.84) $ 7,881,720.96
7/1/x1 ($158,772.19) $ 98,521.51 ($60,250.68) $ 7,821,470.28
10/1/x1 ($158,772.19) $ 97,768.38 ($61,003.81) $ 7,760,466.47 $ 395,555.24 $239,533.53
1/1/x2 ($158,772.19) $ 97,005.83 ($61,766.36) $ 7,698,700.11
4/1/x2 ($158,772.19) $ 96,233.75 ($62,538.44) $ 7,636,161.67
7/1/x2 ($158,772.19) $ 95,452.02 ($63,320.17) $ 7,572,841.50
10/1/x2 ($158,772.19) $ 94,660.52 ($64,111.67) $ 7,508,729.82 $ 383,352.12 $251,736.65
1/1/x3 ($158,772.19) $ 93,859.12 ($64,913.07) $ 7,443,816.75
4/1/x3 ($158,772.19) $ 93,047.71 ($65,724.48) $ 7,378,092.27
7/1/x3 ($158,772.19) $ 92,226.15 ($66,546.04) $ 7,311,546.23
10/1/x3 ($158,772.19) $ 91,394.33 ($67,377.86) $ 7,244,168.37 $ 370,527.31 $264,561.46
1/1/x4 ($158,772.19) $ 90,552.10 ($68,220.09) $ 7,175,948.28
4/1/x4 ($158,772.19) $ 89,699.35 ($69,072.84) $ 7,106,875.44
7/1/x4 ($158,772.19) $ 88,835.94 ($69,936.25) $ 7,036,939.19
10/1/x4 ($158,772.19) $ 87,961.74 ($70,810.45) $ 6,966,128.74 $ 357,049.14 $278,039.63
1/1/x5 ($158,772.19) $ 87,076.61 ($71,695.58) $ 6,894,433.16
4/1/x5 ($158,772.19) $ 86,180.41 ($72,591.78) $ 6,821,841.38
7/1/x5 ($158,772.19) $ 85,273.02 ($73,499.17) $ 6,748,342.20
10/1/x5 ($158,772.19) $ 84,354.28 ($74,417.91) $ 6,673,924.29 $ 342,884.32 $292,204.45
1/1/x6 ($158,772.19) $ 83,424.05 ($75,348.14) $ 6,598,576.15
4/1/x6 ($158,772.19) $ 82,482.20 ($76,289.99) $ 6,522,286.16
7/1/x6 ($158,772.19) $ 81,528.58 ($77,243.62) $ 6,445,042.54
10/1/x6 ($158,772.19) $ 80,563.03 ($78,209.16) $ 6,366,833.38 $ 327,997.86 $307,090.90
1/1/x7 ($158,772.19) $ 79,585.42 ($79,186.77) $ 6,287,646.61
4/1/x7 ($158,772.19) $ 78,595.58 ($80,176.61) $ 6,207,470.00
7/1/x7 ($158,772.19) $ 77,593.37 ($81,178.82) $ 6,126,291.18
10/1/x7 ($158,772.19) $ 76,578.64 ($82,193.55) $ 6,044,097.63 $ 312,353.01 $322,735.75
1/1/x8 ($158,772.19) $ 75,551.22 ($83,220.97) $ 5,960,876.66
4/1/x8 ($158,772.19) $ 74,510.96 ($84,261.23) $ 5,876,615.42
7/1/x8 ($158,772.19) $ 73,457.69 ($85,314.50) $ 5,791,300.92
10/1/x8 ($158,772.19) $ 72,391.26 ($86,380.93) $ 5,704,919.99 $ 295,911.13 $339,177.64
1/1/x9 ($158,772.19) $ 71,311.50 ($87,460.69) $ 5,617,459.30
4/1/x9 ($158,772.19) $ 70,218.24 ($88,553.95) $ 5,528,905.35
7/1/x9 ($158,772.19) $ 69,111.32 ($89,660.88) $ 5,439,244.47
10/1/x9 ($158,772.19) $ 67,990.56 ($90,781.64) $ 5,348,462.84 $ 278,631.61 $356,457.15
1/1/x10 ($158,772.19) $ 66,855.79 ($91,916.41) $ 5,256,546.43
4/1/x10 ($158,772.19) $ 65,706.83 ($93,065.36) $ 5,163,481.07
7/1/x10 ($158,772.19) $ 64,543.51 ($94,228.68) $ 5,069,252.39
10/1/x10 ($158,772.19) $ 63,365.65 ($95,406.54) $ 4,973,845.85 $ 260,471.78 $374,616.98
1/1/x11 ($158,772.19) $ 62,173.07 ($96,599.12) $ 4,877,246.73
4/1/x11 ($158,772.19) $ 60,965.58 ($97,806.61) $ 4,779,440.13
7/1/x11 ($158,772.19) $ 59,743.00 ($99,029.19) $ 4,680,410.94
10/1/x11 ($158,772.19) $ 58,505.14 ($100,267.06) $ 4,580,143.88 $ 241,386.80 $393,701.97
1/1/x12 ($158,772.19) $ 57,251.80 ($101,520.39) $ 4,478,623.49
4/1/x12 ($158,772.19) $ 55,982.79 ($102,789.40) $ 4,375,834.09
7/1/x12 ($158,772.19) $ 54,697.93 ($104,074.27) $ 4,271,759.82
10/1/x12 ($158,772.19) $ 53,397.00 ($105,375.19) $ 4,166,384.63 $ 221,329.52 $413,759.25
1/1/x13 ($158,772.19) $ 52,079.81 ($106,692.38) $ 4,059,692.24
4/1/x13 ($158,772.19) $ 50,746.15 ($108,026.04) $ 3,951,666.20
7/1/x13 ($158,772.19) $ 49,395.83 ($109,376.36) $ 3,842,289.84
10/1/x13 ($158,772.19) $ 48,028.62 ($110,743.57) $ 3,731,546.27 $ 200,250.41 $434,838.36
1/1/x14 ($158,772.19) $ 46,644.33 ($112,127.86) $ 3,619,418.41
4/1/x14 ($158,772.19) $ 45,242.73 ($113,529.46) $ 3,505,888.94
7/1/x14 ($158,772.19) $ 43,823.61 ($114,948.58) $ 3,390,940.36
10/1/x14 ($158,772.19) $ 42,386.75 ($116,385.44) $ 3,274,554.93 $ 178,097.42 $456,991.34
1/1/x15 ($158,772.19) $ 40,931.94 ($117,840.26) $ 3,156,714.67
4/1/x15 ($158,772.19) $ 39,458.93 ($119,313.26) $ 3,037,401.41
7/1/x15 ($158,772.19) $ 37,967.52 ($120,804.67) $ 2,916,596.74
10/1/x15 ($158,772.19) $ 36,457.46 ($122,314.73) $ 2,794,282.00 $ 154,815.85 $480,272.92
1/1/x16 ($158,772.19) $ 34,928.53 ($123,843.67) $ 2,670,438.34
4/1/x16 ($158,772.19) $ 33,380.48 ($125,391.71) $ 2,545,046.62
7/1/x16 ($158,772.19) $ 31,813.08 ($126,959.11) $ 2,418,087.51
10/1/x16 ($158,772.19) $ 30,226.09 ($128,546.10) $ 2,289,541.42 $ 130,348.18 $504,740.59
1/1/x17 ($158,772.19) $ 28,619.27 ($130,152.92) $ 2,159,388.49
4/1/x17 ($158,772.19) $ 26,992.36 ($131,779.84) $ 2,027,608.66
7/1/x17 ($158,772.19) $ 25,345.11 ($133,427.08) $ 1,894,181.57
10/1/x17 ($158,772.19) $ 23,677.27 ($135,094.92) $ 1,759,086.65 $ 104,634.00 $530,454.77
1/1/x18 ($158,772.19) $ 21,988.58 ($136,783.61) $ 1,622,303.04
4/1/x18 ($158,772.19) $ 20,278.79 ($138,493.40) $ 1,483,809.64
7/1/x18 ($158,772.19) $ 18,547.62 ($140,224.57) $ 1,343,585.06
10/1/x18 ($158,772.19) $ 16,794.81 ($141,977.38) $ 1,201,607.69 $ 77,609.80 $557,478.96
1/1/x19 ($158,772.19) $ 15,020.10 ($143,752.10) $ 1,057,855.59
4/1/x19 ($158,772.19) $ 13,223.19 ($145,549.00) $ 912,306.59
7/1/x19 ($158,772.19) $ 11,403.83 ($147,368.36) $ 764,938.23
10/1/x19 ($158,772.19) $ 9,561.73 ($149,210.46) $ 615,727.77 $ 49,208.85 $585,879.92
1/1/x20 ($158,772.19) $ 7,696.60 ($151,075.60) $ 464,652.17
4/1/x20 ($158,772.19) $ 5,808.15 ($152,964.04) $ 311,688.13
7/1/x20 ($158,772.19) $ 3,896.10 ($154,876.09) $ 156,812.04
10/1/x20 ($158,772.19) $ 1,960.15 ($156,812.04) $ (0.00) $ 19,361.00 $615,727.77

depreciation

cost x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
old Equip $ 2,200,000.00 660,000 $ 314,285.71 $ 314,285.71 $ 314,285.71 $ 314,285.71 $ 314,285.71
New Equip $ 2,500,000.00 $ 500,000.00 $ 500,000.00 $ 500,000.00 $ 500,000.00 $ 500,000.00
Plant $ 2,000,000.00 $ 66,666.67 $ 66,666.67 $ 66,666.67 $ 66,666.67 $ 66,666.67
Land $ 3,000,000.00
Depreciation Expense 660,000 $ 880,952.38 $ 880,952.38 $ 880,952.38 $ 880,952.38 $ 880,952.38
old equip Dep. Expense
$ 2,200,000.00 $ 314,285.71
New Equip
$ 2,500,000.00 $ 500,000.00
Plant
$ 2,000,000.00 $ 66,666.67

taxes

Bracket x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
0 to 50,000 50000 7500 50000 7500 50000 7500 50000 7500 50000 7500
50,000 to 75,000 25000 6250 25000 6250 25000 6250 25000 6250 25000 6250
75,000 to 100,000 25000 8500 25000 8500 25000 8500 25000 8500 25000 8500
100,000 to 335,000 235000 91650 235000 91650 235000 91650 235000 91650 235000 91650
335,000 to 10,000,000 2200876.23604131 748297.920254045 6313016.08697527 2146425.46957159 9665000 3286100 9665000 3286100 9665000 3286100
10,000,000 to 15,000,000 0 0 0 0 4365804.98499742 1528031.7447491 5000000 1750000 5000000 1750000
15,000,000 to 18,333,333 0 0 0 0 0 0 3333333 1266666.54 3333333 1266666.54
18,333,333 and up 0 0 0 0 0 0 10374962.4157375 3631236.84550811 36823122.9753573 12888093.0413751
Tax Due 862197.920254045 2260325.46957159 4928031.7447491 10047903.3855081 19304759.5813751
Taxable Income $ 2,535,876.24 $ 6,648,016.09 $ 14,365,804.98 $ 28,708,295.42 $ 55,156,455.98
Beg. Bracket End Bracket Rates
0 $ 50,000 15%
$ 50,000 $ 75,000 25%
$ 75,000 $ 100,000 34%
$ 100,000 $ 335,000 39%
$ 335,000 $ 10,000,000 34%
$ 10,000,000 $ 15,000,000 35%
$ 15,000,000 $ 18,333,333 38%
$ 18,333,333 + 35%