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pharmacology_module5_1.rtf[INSERT TITLE HERE] 1
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BIO 268 – Module 5 Homework Assignment
PART I: BACKGROUND ASSESSMENT
Directions: Answer each of the following questions. Your responses should be 3-5 sentences in length for each question.
1. What are the causes, signs, and symptoms of addiction to a medication?
2. How do CNS stimulants affect the body? What is the most common use of CNS stimulants?
3. Why is pain sometimes difficult to evaluate? What are some objective measures that a health care professional can use to evaluate pain?
4. The standard approach to managing chronic pain includes using an extended-release analgesic and a rescue drug for breakthrough pain. What is the upper limit of opioid pain medication for a patient with chronic pain? What should be done if the patient needs the rescue drug more than three or four times a day?
5. What were tranquilizers designed to do? How do they help patients in psychotherapy?
6. Define depression. What are some signs and symptoms of depression? What are three classes of antidepressants and how does each work?
7. What is the primary effect of aspirin, and what effect does it have on the blood? Why would a daily aspirin be prescribed for some patients?
8. Aspirin should not be given to children who have a fever. Why is this? What can happen, and what are acceptable substitutes for treating pain and fever in children?
9. A health care professional has just taken a patient’s blood pressure and it is 66/42 mmHg. The health care professional reports this to the physician, who orders an intravenous (IV) infusion of levarterenol. What type of drug is this, how does it work, and what is a major side effect of the drug?
10. A health care professional has just taken a patient’s blood pressure, and it is 180/112 mmHg. The health care professional reports this to the physician, who orders propranolol. What type of drug is this, how does it work, and what is a common side effect of the drug? What should the health care professional monitor in a patient receiving propranolol?
PART II: CRITICAL THINKING
Directions: Please provide responses to questions below. If necessary, please use examples or information from the textbook. Please use proper APA citation for any resources that you use. For concise APA formatting guidelines, please visit the Academic Resource Center (ARC). Your responses should be 1-2 paragraphs in length for each question.
1. The health care professional is caring for a postoperative patient who has been prescribed an opioid analgesic agent. The patient says he is in pain, but he is afraid that if he starts taking the medication, he may become addicted. What should the health care professional tell the patient?
2. How are the drugs phenytoin (Dilantin) and fosphenytoin sodium (Cerebyx) related? Briefly compare and contrast their uses.
3. A patient who has been taking opioids for chronic pain is improving, and the physician reduces the daily dose. The patient says that he is worried that the pain will return. He says that he is also worried that he will go through drug withdrawal. How should the health care professional respond to the patient?
4. A patient who has a history of chronic back pain asks for his pain medication. The newly graduated health care professional is not sure the patient is in pain because he appears relaxed and is smiling. How should the health care professional respond to this situation?
5. A health care professional is caring for a patient who has been taking a tricyclic antidepressant for clinical depression. Her doctor has just prescribed diazepam as well. The patient wants to know the difference between the drugs and why she must take both. How should the health care professional respond to the patient’s question?
6. A patient says that he is depressed and is ashamed to seek treatment or take antidepressant drugs. He says that he fears this will stigmatize him and worries that the drugs are dangerous. How should the health care professional respond to his questions and concerns?
7. A physician prescribed ibuprofen for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. What are some uses for the prostaglandin inhibitors, and why was the patient prescribed ibuprofen?
8. A patient has been prescribed a COX-2 inhibitor for bursitis, and he asks the health care professional why this drug was prescribed and how it will help his bursitis. How should the health care professional respond to his questions?
9. A health care professional is caring for a male patient with hypertension. The patient’s baseline blood pressure is 162/94 mm Hg. He has been prescribed propranolol and has been taking it for 1 week. He is complaining of feeling tired and being unsteady on his feet and has gained weight. He says that he wants to stop the medication because he felt fine before starting it and that the side effects he is experiencing are unpleasant. How should the health care professional respond to his concerns? Are these symptoms caused by the propranolol?
10. A patient with glaucoma has been using pilocarpine for a week and tells the health care professional that her vision has improved, but she is having stomach cramps and feels slightly dizzy when she stands up. She wants to know if the drug causes these symptoms and why. How should the health care professional respond to her questions?
PART III: LIRN ACTIVITY
Directions: After reading the LIRN articles included in Module 5 Lecture Notes, please answer each of the following questions. Each question should have a 2 to 3 paragraph response. Remember to support your work with APA references and in-text citations. Please visit the Academic Resource Center (ARC) for concise APA guidelines.
- Define ADHD and explain why it affects so many diverse populations of Americans.
What are the consequences when ADHD is left untreated?
Describe how addiction can radically change one’s life.
What precautions would need to be observed in an outpatient clinic or doctor’s office with regard to patients who may have addictions?
Why do tranquilizing agents improve a patient’s chances of successful psychotherapy?
Why are drugs for mental illness not successful when used alone?
What is an important difference between depression and sadness caused by a life event?
Can the physical complaint be treated without treating the depression?
Major depression is very common but underdiagnosed. Why?
Why does depression cause disability?
