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Labs for College Physics: Mechanics Worksheet Experiment 5.1-1

Heat, Temperature, and Thermal Equilibrium

As you work through the steps in the lab procedure, record your experimental values and the results on this worksheet. Use the exact values you record for your data to make later calculations.

Part I: Temperature and Absolute Zero

Report your results for Part I: Temperature and Absolute Zero here by matching the correct re- sponse to the condition of the system you studied.

Observations:

� The box contains all red balls.

� The box contains mostly red and pink balls with a few blue balls; on average, the balls are moving at a fast speed.

� The box contains all blue balls; on average, the balls are moving at a fast speed.

� The box contains mostly blue and pink balls with a few red balls; on average, the balls are moving at a moderately fast speed.

� The box contains mostly blue and pink balls; on average, the speed is between moderately slow and moderately fast.

� The box contains mostly blue balls with a few pink balls; on average, the balls are moving at a moderately slow speed.

� The box contains all blue balls; the balls are stationary.

Table 1

Location Observation

Slide at midpoint

Slide 3/4 from left end

Slide at right end

Slide 1/4 from left end

Slide at left end

Labs for College Physics: Mechanics Worksheet Experiment 5.1-2

Referring to the case where the slide is at the left end, what is the name of this special point on the temperature scale?

Part II: Thermal Equilibrium – Data

Complete the tables.

Table 2: Initial Data and Predictions

Initial Temperature Initial Number of Particles Trial (○) Predicted Final

Temperature Left Side Right Side Left Side Right Side (○)

1 750

Step 1 2 750

3 750

1 303 901

Step 2 2 303 901

3 303 901

Labs for College Physics: Mechanics Worksheet Experiment 5.1-3

Table 3: Final Data

Actual Final Temperature Final Number of Particles (○)

Trial Time Left Side Right Side Left Side Right Side (s)

Step 1 2

Step 2 2

Part II: Thermal Equilibrium – Questions

Please include units in your answer.

� Use the correct unit abbreviation.

Enter the average time it took to reach equilibrium when the initial temperature on the right side was 750 degrees.

Labs for College Physics: Mechanics Worksheet Experiment 5.1-4

Enter the average time it took to reach equilibrium when the initial temperature on the right side was 901 degrees.

After a short time of mixing, the cooler chamber has more particles than the warm chamber because the particles in the warm chamber are moving faster and have a greater chance of moving through the opening than the particles in the cooler chamber.

� True

� False

It takes longer for equilibrium to be reached when the initial chamber is 750 degrees. This is because the particles in the chamber at 901 degrees are moving slower and so have a better chance to go through the opening.

� True

� False

The increase in temperature for the left chamber or decrease in temperature for the right chamber was very nearly 300 degrees in both trials.

� True

� False

Complete the following sentences.

The motion of the balls is a model of .

The movement of balls from one chamber to another is a model of .

When the average motion of the balls is the same in both chambers, this is a model of