Operations Management
Memorial Hospital
Memorial Hospital is a privately owned 600-bed facility. The hospital provides a broad range of health care services, including completelaboratory and X-ray facilities, an emergency room, an intensive care unit, a cardiac care unit, and a psychiatric ward. Most of these servicesare provided by several other hospitals in the metropolitan area. Memorial has purposely avoided getting involved in any specialized fields ofmedicine or obtaining very specialized diagnostic equipment because it was felt that such services would not be cost-effective. The GeneralHospital, located only a few miles from Memorial, is affiliated with the local School of Medicine and offers up-to-date services in thosespecialized areas. Instead of trying to compete with General Hospital to provide special services, Memorial Hospital has concentrated onoffering high-quality general health care at an affordable price. Compared with the much larger General Hospital, Memorial stresses closepersonal attention to each patient from a nursing staff that cares about its work. In fact, the hospital has begun to place ads in newspapers andon television, stressing its patient-oriented care.
However, the hospital's administrator, Janice Fry, is concerned about whether the hospital can really deliver on its promises, and worries thatfailure to provide the level of health care patients expect could drive patients away. Janice met recently with the hospital's managerialpersonnel to discuss her concerns. The meeting raised some questions about how the hospital's quality of health care could be assured. JessicaTu, director of nursing, raised the question, "How do we measure the quality of health care? Do we give patients a questionnaire when theyleave, asking if they were happy here? That does not seem to answer the question because we could make a patient happy, but give themlousy health care." Several other questions were asked concerning the hospital's efforts to keep costs down. Some people were concerned thatan emphasis on costs would be detrimental to quality. They argued that when a person's life is at stake, costs should not be of concern.
After the meeting, Janice began thinking about these questions. She remembered reading recently that some companies were using totalquality management (TQM) to improve their quality. She liked the idea—if it could be used in a hospital.