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principlesofinformationsystems11theditionralphstair-....zip5.rtf
Chapter 05: Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence
TRUE/FALSE
1. A database, a database management system, and the application programs that use the data make up a database environment.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?
2. A database scientist is a skilled and trained IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s database, including providing security from intruders.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?
3. An attribute is a general class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
4. A collection of fields about a specific object is a record.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
5. Today, few organizations use the database approach to data management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
6. The specific value of an attribute is called a data entity.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
7. Due to their size, databases must be stored on mainframe computers or other large, powerful computers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
8. Climate control is an important component of modern data centers..
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
9. Business and technology vendors are working to develop blue data centers that run more efficiently and require less energy for processing and cooling.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
10. Microsoft built a data center taking up 16 football fields of space filled with 220 shipping containers packed with servers.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
11. When organizing a database, key considerations include determining what data to collect, who will have access to it, how they might want to use it, and how to monitor database performance.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
12. A data model is a diagram of data attributes and their relationships.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
13. The relational model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in three-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
14. Oracle is currently the market leader in general purpose databases, with about three-fourths of the multibillion dollar database market.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
15. In the relational model, each row of a table represents a data entity or row and each column of the table represents an attribute or field.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
16. Selecting involves combining two or more tables.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
17. Projecting involves eliminating columns in a table.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
18. One of the primary advantages of a relational database is that it allows tables to be linked to reduce data redundancy and allow data to be organized more logically.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
19. The relational database model is by far the most widely used..
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
20. One of the final steps in installing and using a large database involves “telling” the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
21. The DBMS serves as an interface between an application program and the database.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
22. The Database Administrator is an important non-technical responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues, including setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
23. The DBA must have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of the organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
24. A data warehouse stores historical data that has been extracted from operational systems, external sources, and, sometimes, even unique sources.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
25. Big data refers to large amounts of unstructured data from sources such as the Internet, photos, videos, audio, social networks, and sensors that is difficult to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
26. Data query involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
27. Predictive analysis is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict the outcome of events.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
28. Counterintelligence turns data into useful information that then is kept closely guarded to avoid this information from falling into the hands of the wrong employees.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
29. Business intelligence is gained through industrial espionage and the gathering of this information often includes illegal or unethical means.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
30. Online Analytical Processing and data mining are essentially the same thing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A database _____.
a.
is accessed primarily for use by the organization’s database administrator and data administrator
c.
is a collection of unstructured data
b.
provides an essential foundation for an organization’s knowledge management and artificial intelligence systems
d.
helps companies reduce costs, increase profits, track past business activities, and open new market opportunities
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?
2. The smallest piece of data used by a computer is the _____.
a.
entity
c.
bit
b.
byte
d.
character
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
3. A database is a collection of integrated and related _____.
a.
fields
c.
records
b.
attributes
d.
files
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
4. A collection of fields all related to a single object, activity, or individual is a(n) _____.
a.
record
c.
attribute
b.
file
d.
character
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
5. A ________ is s field or set of fields in a record that uniquely defines the record.
a.
attribute
c.
primary key
b.
key
d.
data item
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
6. A ________ is a climate-controlled building or set of buildings that houses database servers and the systems that deliver mission-critical information and services.
a.
data warehouse
c.
shipping container
b.
data center
d.
data hierarchy
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
7. A tool that database designers use to show the logical relationships among data is a(n) _____.
a.
data model
c.
relational model
b.
entity-relationship diagram
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
8. Basic data manipulations include _____ which involves eliminating rows in a relational database.
a.
selecting
c.
projecting
b.
joining
d.
linking
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
9. As long as the tables in a relational database share one common _____, the tables can be linked to provide useful information and reports.
a.
primary key
c.
characteristic
b.
file
d.
attribute
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
10. The _____ is a description that involves “telling” the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
a.
entity relationship diagram
c.
schema
b.
data model
d.
data manipulation language
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
11. A(n) _____ is a simple database program whose records have no relationship to one another.
a.
flat file
c.
relational system
b.
schema
d.
user view
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
12. _____ is a standardized data manipulation language developed in the 1970s that allows programmers to use one powerful language and use it on a variety of systems.
a.
Query by example
c.
SQL
b.
Access
d.
DML
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
13. ______ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database.
a.
user view
c.
data definition language
b.
schema
d.
data manipulation language
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
14. The _____ position is a non-technical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.
a.
data analyst
c.
database administrator
b.
data administrator
d.
data owner
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
15. With _____, the database is stored on a service provider’s server and accessed by the client over a network, typically the Internet.
a.
Internet access
c.
Software as a Service
b.
Database as a Service
d.
Oracle
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
16. Some databases use ______, which is a visual approach to developing queries and requests.
a.
Query by Example (QBE)
c.
structured query language (SQL)
b.
user views
d.
data manipulation language
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
17. Data warehouses allow managers to _____ to get increasing levels of detail about business conditions.
a.
roll up
c.
slice and dice
b.
drill down
d.
extract data
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
18. _____ represents huge amounts of unstructured data that is difficult to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems.
a.
Data warehouse
c.
Big data
b.
Datamart
d.
Knowledge base
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
19. A(n) _____ contains a subset of data for a single aspect of a company’s business and are used by smaller groups who want to access detailed data for business analysis.
a.
OLTP database
c.
data mart
b.
data warehouse
d.
data mine
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
20. _____ is an information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.
a.
Data mining
c.
Competitive intelligence
b.
DBMS
d.
Data loss prevention
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
21. _____ combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict the outcomes of events.
a.
Business intelligence
c.
Online analytical processing
b.
Data mining
d.
Predictive analysis
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
22. _____ describes the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by “hostile” intelligence gathers.
a.
Data loss prevention
c.
Counterintelligence
b.
Trade secret
d.
Competitive intelligence
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
23. Developing a seamless integration of databases with the Internet is something called a(n) ______.
a.
Web page
c.
semantic Web
b.
social network
d.
business intelligence
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
24. ______ is a form of database processing that supports top-down, query-driven data analysis.
a.
Distributed databases
c.
Data warehousing
b.
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
d.
Data mining
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
25. A form of database that holds a duplicate set of frequently used data and that helps reduce telecommunications costs.
a.
Relational
c.
Replicated
b.
Distributed
d.
Virtual
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
COMPLETION
1. Without a well-designed, accurate ______, executives, managers, and others do not have access to the information they need to make good decisions.
ANS: database
PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
2. A ______ consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.
ANS: database management system
PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?
3. Together, bits, characteristics, fields, records, files, and databases form the ______.
ANS: hierarchy of data
PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
4. A collection of related records is called a(n) _____.
ANS: file
PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
5. A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies a record.
ANS: primary key
PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
6. Traditional data centers consist of warehouses filled with row upon row of ______ racks and powerful cooling systems to compensate for the heat generated by the processors.
ANS: server
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
7. As data centers continue to expand in terms of the quantity of data that they store and process, their ______ demands are increasing.
ANS: energy
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
8. When creating backup databases, some companies use software to eliminate any duplicated data to save storage capacity and reduce costs, an approach some call data ______ .
ANS: de-duplication
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
9. ______ use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data.
ANS: Entity-relationship diagrams
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
10. The _____ data model has become the most popular database model.
ANS: relational
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
11. In the relational data model, each row of a table represents a(n) _____.
ANS: data entity or record
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
12. The allowable values for an attribute is called its _____.
ANS: domain
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
13. _____ involves eliminating columns in a table.
ANS: Projecting
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
14. The purpose of _____ is to develop data that is accurate, complete, economical, flexible, reliable, relevant, simple, timely, verifiable, accessible, and secure.
ANS: data cleanup
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
15. A description that tells the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user is called a(n) _____.
ANS: schema
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
16. The _____ is a collection of instructions and commands used to describe the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
ANS: data definition language
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
17. The data _____ is a detailed description of all data used in the database.
ANS: dictionary
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
18. _____ control can be used to avoid potential problems when two or more users attempt to access the same record at the same time.
ANS: Concurrency
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
19. The commands that are used to manipulate the database are part of the _____ language.
ANS: data manipulation
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
20. _____ lets programmers learn one powerful query language and use it on systems ranging from PCs to the largest mainframe computers.
ANS: SQL
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
21. A(n) ______ is an individual who is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of the organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.
ANS: database administrator
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
22. A(n) ______ is an individual responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues.
ANS: data administrator
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
23. Developing a seamless integration of databases with the Internet is sometimes called a _____.
ANS: semantic Web
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
24. ______ uses virtual servers and operating systems, to allow two or more database systems, including servers and database management systems, to act like a single unified database system.
ANS: Database virtualization
PTS: 1 REF: Database Management Systems
25. _____ is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events.
ANS: Predictive analysis
PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
ESSAY
1. Briefly describe the hierarchy of data.
ANS:
Together bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases form the hierarchy of data. A bit is the smallest piece of data used by a computer and represents a zero or one. Bits can be organized into units called bytes, typically eight bits. Each byte represents a character. Characters are put together to form a field, a combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object. A collection of data fields all related to one object, activity, or individual is called a record. A collection of related records is called a file. At the highest level in the data hierarchy is a database, a collection of integrated and related files.
PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
2. Differentiate between the traditional and database approach to data management.
ANS:
At one time, information systems referenced specific files containing relevant data. Each distinct operational system used data files dedicated to that system. For example, the payroll system used the payroll file and it was the only system to use that file. Today, most organizations use the database approach to data management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data. For example, the Human Resources database contains lots of data about employees and it is accessed for use by many different functions including payroll, personnel, training, etc.
PTS: 1 REF: Data Management
3. Briefly describe the relational data model.
ANS:
The relational data model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files. The tables in relational databases organize data in rows and columns, simplifying data access and manipulation. In the relational model, each row of a table represents a data entity or record. Each column represents an attribute or field. After entering data into a relational database, users can make inquiries and analyze data through use of the selection, projection, and joining functions. Selection involves removing rows according to certain criteria. Projection involves eliminating columns in a table. Joining involves combining two or more tables.
PTS: 1 REF: Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics
4. Define the term data mining and identify its objectives.
ANS:
Data mining is an information analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse. It sifts through mountains of data to find a few nuggets of valuable information. Its objective is to extract patterns, trends, and rules from data warehouses to evaluate proposed business strategies, which will improve competitiveness, increase profits, and transform business processes.
PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
5. What is meant by big data applications? Provide two examples of big data applications.
ANS:
Organizations are collecting huge amounts of unstructured data from the Internet, photos, video, audio, social networks, and sensors. This is called big data-large amounts of unstructured data that is difficult or impossible to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems. It can even determine the price a customer is willing to pay for a product or service.
These large amounts of unstructured data can provide valuable information and insights to help organizations achieve their goals. Big data, for example, can reveal the customers that are most likely to purchase products and services from a business. It can identify where and when specific customers shop.
PTS: 1 REF: Database Applications
6.rtf
Chapter 06: Telecommunications and Networks
TRUE/FALSE
1. Over 90 percent of physicians and over 85% of nurses own a smartphone and are using them as a valuable tool to provide patient services.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Telecommunications and Networks?
2. Telecommunications is creating profound changes in business because it strengthens the barriers of time and distance.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
3. A telecommunications protocol is any material substance that carries an electronic signal to support communications between a sending and receiving device.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
4. A half-duplex channel can transmit data in either direction but not both simultaneously.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
5. In a circuit switching network, no fixed path is created between the communicating devices, and the data is broken into packets for sending over the network.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
6. A geo-stationary satellite orbits the earth in a very low orbit at an altitude of less than 1,000 miles.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
7. Unfortunately, there is no single, unified, worldwide standard for 3G communications which simplifies the deployment of 3G communications equipment and devices.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
8. Long Term Evolution is a standard for wireless communications for mobile phones based on packet switching.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
9. The growth in wireless data traffic is expected to increase modestly over the time period 2011 to 2016.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
10. Channel bandwidth refers to the diameter of the telecommunications media.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
11. Broadband communications means high-speed, wireless communications.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
12. 4 G networks are expected to provide telecommunications speeds roughly 10 times as fast as 3 G networks.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
13. Sending an e-mail message is an example of asynchronous communications.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
14. In a circuit-switching network, no fixed path is created between the communicating devices and the data is broken into packets for sending over the network.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
15. A metropolitan area network is a telecommunications network that connects users and their computers in a geographical area that spans a campus or city.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
16. With distributed processing, processing devices are placed at remote locations but are connected to each other via a network.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
17. A wireless mesh network uses multiple Wi-Fi access points to link a series of interconnected local area networks to form a wide area network capable of serving a large campus or an entire city.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
18. With centralized processing, multiple computer platforms are dedicated to special functions, such as database management, printing, communications, and program execution.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
19. The ITU defines and adopts global standards to facilitate communications among network and equipment manufacturers around the world.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
20. A client is any computer on a network that sends messages requesting services from the servers on the network.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
21. A personal area network is a wireless network that connects information networking devices within a small area, such as an office, home, or several floors of a building.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
22. Network management software controls the computer systems and devices in a network and allows them to communicate with each other.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
23. A PBX is a communications system that manages both voice and data transfer within a building and to outside lines; it can be used to connect hundreds of internal phone lines to a few phone company lines.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
24. Modems convert analog signals to digital signals for transmission over a network.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
25. Most wireless networks now use the Wired equivalent privacy (WEP) protocol that offers significantly improved protection over Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) security protocol.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
26. ‘A VPN supports a secure, encrypted connection between an organization’s private network and remote users.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
27. Smartphones have their own software operating systems and are capable of running applications that have been created for that operating systems or any other operating system.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
28. A digital subscriber line deliver high-speed Internet access to homes and small businesses over existing phone lines.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
29.
Automated Clearing House and Wire Transfers are two forms of electronic funds transfer.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
30. GPS receivers receive the signals from four GPS satellites to determine a highly accurate location of the receiver, even though just three signals are sufficient.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. _____ is a very short range wireless connectivity technology that enables consumers to swipe their credit cards or even cell phones within a few inches of a special point of sale terminal to pay for purchases.
a.
Ultra wideband
c.
Near field communications
b.
Bluetooth
d.
Wi-Fi
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
2. The area covered by one or more interconnected wireless access points is commonly called a(n) _____.
a.
reception area
c.
coverage zone
b.
hot spot
d.
access area
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
3. _____ is a wireless telecommunications technology brand owned by an alliance of 500 technology companies that is popping up at airports, coffee shops, college campuses, libraries, and restaurant.
a.
Wi-MAX
c.
Sci-FI
b.
Wi-FI
d.
UWB
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
4. A(n) _____ satellite system employs many satellites, each in an orbit at an altitude of less than 1,000 miles.
a.
very small aperture
c.
low earth orbit
b.
microwave
d.
geostationary
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
5. _____ is a form of wireless communications frequently used in security systems for sensing and controlling energy-consuming devices.
a.
Wi-Fi
c.
ZigBee
b.
Bluetooth
d.
WiMax
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
6. _____ is a 4G alternative operated by Clearwire.
a.
Ultra wideband
c.
Bluetooth
b.
HPSA+
d.
WiMAX
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
7. _____ operates like Wi-Fi, only over greater distances and at faster transmission speeds.
a.
Broadband
c.
Wi-MAX
b.
ZigBee
d.
Ultra Wideband
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
8. A(n) ______ enables users to share a certain number of outside lines to make telephone calls to people outside the organization.
a.
DSL
c.
modem
b.
Wi-MAX
d.
PBX
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Data Processing
9. The _____ is a device that combines data from multiple data sources into a single output signal that carries multiple channels.
a.
transmission media
c.
multiplexer
b.
modem
d.
switch
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
10. _____ is a bundled set of communications services, including Internet, telephone, and TV, that operates over a total fiber-optic communications network.
a.
BPL
c.
FiOS
b.
Bluetooth
d.
Cable communications
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
11. The RIM operating system is used in the _____ smartphone.
a.
Apple iPhone
c.
BlackBerry devices
b.
Palm smartphone
d.
Android
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
12. With a VPN ______
a.
users are often provided a token that displays a constantly changing password
c.
users can gain wide area network access
b.
users can gain access to an organization’s private network
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
13. One way to help safeguard a wireless network is to _____
a.
connect to the router and change the default logon and password
c.
configure the security to WEP
b.
enable service set identifier broadcasting
d.
none of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
14. With network management software, a network manager can _____
a.
monitor the use of individual computers as well as shared hardware devices
c.
ensure compliance with software licenses
b.
scan for licenses
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
15. _____ are NOT commonly used smartphone operating systems
a.
Symbian and Palm OS
c.
HP-UX and z-OS
b.
iPhone OS and RIM OS
d.
Android and Windows Mobil
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
16. Smartphone applications are developed by _____.
a.
manufacturers of the handheld device
c.
third-party software developers
b.
operators of the communications network on which they operate
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
17. With the _____ basic processing alternative, processing devices are placed at various remote locations and each device is isolated and does not communicate with any other processing device.
a.
distributed processing
c.
centralized processing
b.
file processing
d.
decentralized processing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
18. _____ is a network that connects users and their computers in a geographical area that spans a campus or a city.
a.
Metropolitan area network
c.
Wide Area network
b.
Local area network
d.
Personal area network
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
19. A(n) _____ are a type of two-dimensional barcode that can be scanned by users with smartphones to display text or connect to a wireless network and open a Web page on the smartphone’s browser.
a.
RFID code
c.
quick response codes
b.
VPNs
d.
WiMax code
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
20. The signals from _____ GPS satellites are used to determine the accurate position of a GPS receiver.
a.
three
c.
five
b.
four
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
21. Unified communications supports _____.
a.
instant messaging
c.
voice mail
b.
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
22. Telecommuting is well suited for _____.
a.
salespeople
c.
people who need much supervision
b.
people who require frequent face-to-face interaction
d.
people working on many tasks with very short term deadlines
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
23. The National Do Not Call Registry ______
a.
allows you to still receive calls from political organizations
c.
has actually resulted in an increase in the number of unwanted calls to consumers
b.
is designed to stop unsolicited calls from advertisers, salespeople, and political campaigns
d.
includes fewer than 10 million people
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
24. Asymmetric DSL _____.
a.
provides high speed Internet access over a subscribers cable network
c.
provides a dedicated connection from each user to the phone company’s local telephone office
b.
requires an additional phone line to provide “always on” Internet access
d.
provides a level of service that is independent of how far the subscriber is from the local telephone office
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
25. ______ is a communications service that delivers recorded emergency notifications to users in a selected geographic area.
a.
Digital subscriber line
c.
Mail-to-text
b.
VPN
d.
Reverse 911
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
COMPLETION
1. Current Wi-Fi access points have a maximum range of about ______ outdoors.
ANS: 300 feet
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
2. _____ refers to the electronic transmission of signals for communications.
ANS: Telecommunications
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
3. A(n) _____ channel permits data transmission in both directions at the same time.
ANS: full-duplex
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
4. A(n) _____ is any material substance that carries an electronic signal to support communications between a sending and receiving device.
ANS: telecommunications medium
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
5. _____ uses a multiple Wi-Fi access points to link a series of interconnected local area networks to form a wide area network capable of serving a large campus or entire city.
ANS: Wireless mesh
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
6. Mbps stands for _____ .
ANS: millions of bits per second
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
7. _____ is a(n) transmission media type that uses twisted pairs of copper wire that may be shielded or unshielded.
ANS: Twisted pair
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
8. _____ is a common form of guided transmission media that uses extremely this strands of glass bound together in a sheathing and light beams to transmit signals.
ANS: Fiber optics
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
9. In a(n) _______network, the communicating devices, and the data is broken into packets for sending over the network.
ANS: packet-switching
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
10. _____ transmission involves the broadcast of communications in one of three frequency ranges: microwave, radio, and infrared.
ANS: Wireless
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
11. _____ a wireless communications specification that describes how cell phones, computers, and printers can be connected over distances of 10-30 feet at a rate of about 2 Mbps and allows users of multifunctional devices to synchronize information.
ANS: Bluetooth
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
12. _____ is a very short range wireless connectivity technology designed for cell phones and credit cards.
ANS: Near Field Communications
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
13. _____ is a wireless communications technology that transmits large amounts of digital data over short distances of up to 30 feet using a wide spectrum of frequency bands and very low power.
ANS: Ultra wideband
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
14. _____ is a form of transmission that employs signals at a frequency higher than microwave signals but lower than visible light.
ANS: Infrared
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
15. A(n) _____ is a satellite ground station with a dish antenna smaller than 3 meters in diameter.
ANS: very small aperture terminal (VSAT)
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
16. A low cost form of wireless communications technology often used in security systems and heating and cooling systems.
ANS: ZigBee
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
17. Long term evolution is a standard for wireless communications for mobile phones based on ______.
ANS: packet-switching
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
18. 4G LTE networks have about 20 times the ______ of 3G networks.
ANS: data-carrying capacity
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
19. _____ is a network device that serves as an entrance to another network.
ANS: Gateway
PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
20. The computers and devices on a network are also known as _____.
ANS: nodes
PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
21. A(n) ______ network is a telecommunications network that connects large geographic areas.
ANS: wide area
PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
22. A(n) ______ forwards data packets across two or more distinct networks toward their destinations through a process known as routing.
ANS: router
PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
23. With ______ software, a manager on a networked personal computer can monitor the use of individual computers and shared hardware, scan for viruses, and ensure compliance with software licenses.
ANS: network management
PTS: 1 REF: Networks and Distributed Processing
24. _____ distribution lets you send and receive documents in a digital form without printing them.
ANS: Electronic document
PTS: 1 REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
25. _____ is a location where an organization handles customer and other telephone calls, usually with some amount of computer automation.
ANS: Call center
PTS: 1 REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
ESSAY
1. Briefly describe a general model of telecommunications.
ANS:
The model starts with a sending unit such as a person, a computer system, a terminal, or another device that originates the message. The sending unit transmits a signal to a modem that can perform many tasks, which can include converting the signal into a different form. The modem then sends the signal through a medium that carries the electronic signal. Another modem connected to the receiving device receives the signal. The process can be reversed, and the receiving unit can send another message to the original sending unit.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
2. Briefly describe how a Wi-Fi network operates.
ANS:
The user’s communicating device has a wireless adapter that translates data into a radio signal and transmits it using an antenna. A wireless access point, which consists of a transmitter with an antenna, receives the signal and decodes it. The access point then sends the information over the Internet over a wired connection. When receiving data, the wireless access point takes the information from the Internet, translates it into a radio signal, and sends it to the device’s wireless adapter. The area covered by one or more interconnected wireless access points is called a “hot spot.”
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Telecommunications
3. List several benefits associated with telecommuting.
ANS:
Parents find that eliminating the daily commute helps balance family and work responsibilities. Qualified workers who otherwise might be unable to participate in the normal workforce (e.g. those who are physically challenged or who live in rural areas too far from the city office to commute regularly) can use telecommuting to become productive workers. When gas prices soar, telecommuting can help workers reduce significant expenses. Extensive use of telecommuting can lead to decreased need for office space, potentially saving a large company millions of dollars. Corporations are also being encouraged by public policy to try telecommuting as a means of reducing their carbon footprint and traffic congestion. Large companies also view telecommuting as a means to distribute their workforce and reduce the impact of a disaster at a central facility.
PTS: 1 REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
4. Describe how GPS positioning works.
ANS:
To determine its position, a GPS receiver receives the signals from four GPS satellites and determines its exact distance from each satellite. (While the position of the receiver could be determined by just three measurements, a fourth distance measurement helps to adjust for any impreciseness in the other three measurements). This is done by very accurately measuring the time it takes for a signal to travel at the speed of light from the satellite to the receiver (distance = time x 186,000 miles per second). It then uses these distances to triangulate the precise location of the receiver in terms of latitude, longitude, and altitude.
PTS: 1 REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
5. What is the National Do Not Call Registry and how does it work?
ANS:
The National Do No Call Registry was set up in 2003 by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. Telemarketers who call numbers on the list face penalties of up to $11,000 per call, as well as possible consumer lawsuits. The Do Not Call rules require that, at least every 31 days, sellers and telemarketers remove from their call lists the numbers found in the registry. Even if you have registered, you can still receive calls from political organizations, charities, educational organizations, and telephone surveyors. You can also receive calls from companies with which you have an existing business relationship.
PTS: 1 REF: Telecommunications Services and Network Applications
7.rtf
Chapter 07: The Internet, Web, Intranets, and Extranets
TRUE/FALSE
1. The Internet is truly international is scope, with users on every continent-except Antarctica.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About the Internet, Web, Intranets, and Extranets?
2. Of all the countries, China has the most Internet users with nearly 400 million people.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
3. The Internet routes data packets over the network backbone from router to router to reach their destinations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
4. The ancestor of the Internet was the ARPANET, a project started by the U.S. Department of Defense.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Use and Functioning of the Internet
5. The ARPANET, ancestor of the Internet, was eventually broken into two networks: MILNET, which included all military sites, and a new, smaller network called the World Wide Web.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
6. The Internet Protocol assigns a 32-bit address to each computer to identify it on the Internet.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
7. The Internet organizes Internet resources throughout the world into a series of linked files, called pages, accessed and viewed using Web-based client software called Java.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
8. A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a Web address that specifies the exact location of a Web page using letters and words that map to an IP address and location on the host.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
9. Transmission Control Protocol is responsible for managing IP addresses and Internet domain names.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
10. Cloud computing refers to a computing environment where software and storage are provided as an Internet service and accessed with a Web browser.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
11. Billions of documents on the Web stored on millions of servers are connected to each other using hyperlinks.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
12. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is responsible for managing IP addresses and operating Web sites.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
13. Cascading Style Sheets works hand in hand with HTML for designing groups of Web pages.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
14. Web plug-ins such as Adobe Flash and Real Player provide additional features to standard Web sites.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
15. Wikipedia captures the knowledge of tens of thousands of experts and access to its entries are tightly controlled so that its entries are always accurate and unbiased.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
16. A Web portal is a Web page that combines useful information and links and acts as an entry point to the Web complete with a search engine, subject directory, daily headlines, and other items of interest.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
17. Social networking Web sites provide Web-based tools for users to share information about themselves with people on the Web and to find, meet, and converse with other members.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
18. A rich Internet application is software that has the functionality and complexity of traditional software, but runs in a Web browser and does not require local installation.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
19. Entering the words red*blue as the keywords for a search engine will be interepted as the words “red” and “blue” separated by one or more words.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
20. A spider is an automated program that follows all Web links in an attempt to catalog every Web page by topic. .
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
21. Content streaming is a means of transferring large media files over the Internet so that the data stream of voice and pictures plays more or less continuously as the file is being downloaded.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
22. The Wikipedia Web site is both open source and open editing leading to an extremely high degree of accuracy in its postings.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
23. A meta search engine allows you to run a keyword search on several search engines at once.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
24. A Web portal is a Web page that combines useful information and links and
acts as an entry point to the Web; portals typically include a search engine.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
25. Vertical portals are pages that provide information and links for special interest groups.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
26. Twitter is a microblogging service.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
27. A podcast is a video broadcast over the Internet.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
28. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a protocol that allows users to log on to networks remotely over the Internet.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
29. Extranets connect people who are external to the organization.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Intranets and Extranets
30. Workers have been fired for criticizing their employers on social networking Web sites.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Internet Issues
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The country with the greatest number of Internet users is ______.
a.
USA
c.
Germany
b.
India
d.
China
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
2. The ancestor of the Internet was _____.
a.
MILNET
c.
Telnet
b.
Abilene
d.
ARPANET
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
3. Is a network protocol that enables traffic to be routed among all the networks connected to the Internet.
a.
ISO seven layer model
c.
IP
b.
TCP
d.
Wi-Fi
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
4. The fiber-optic cables that span the globe over land and under sea make up the Internet _____.
a.
infrastructure
c.
transmission media
b.
backbone
d.
TCP/IP
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
5. Data is broken into _____ to be transmitted over the Internet
a.
packets
c.
bytes
b.
messages
d.
bits
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
6. The Internet will soon be upgraded to IPv6 which uses _____ addresses to provide for many more devices.
a.
32-bit
c.
128-bit
b.
64-bit
d.
256-bit
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
7. A(n) _____ is a Web address that specific the exact location of a Web page using letters and words.
a.
IP address
c.
HTML
b.
ICANN
d.
IP address
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
8. The _____ is responsible for managing IP addresses and Internet domain names.
a.
United Nations
c.
FTC
b.
ICANN
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
9. Domain names must adhere to strict rules. For example they must always have ____ parts, with each part separated by a dot (period).
a.
two
c.
four
b.
three
d.
at least three
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
10. ______ refers to a computing environment where software and storage are provided as an Internet service and accessed with a Web browser.
a.
World Wide Web
c.
Client server computing
b.
Distributed computing
d.
Cloud computing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
11. _____ are specially denoted text or graphics on a Web page, that, when clicked, open a Web page containing related content
a.
HTML
c.
Hyperlinks
b.
Tags
d.
IP addresses
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: World Wide Web
12. _____ is the standard page description language for Web pages.
a.
Hypertext
c.
IP addresses
b.
Tags
d.
HTML
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
13. _____ is a markup language designed to transport and store data on the Web.
a.
.NET
c.
HTML
b.
XML
d.
Java
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: World Wide Web
14. _____ is a valuable tool that enables you to find information on the Web by specifying words or phrases know as keywords, which are related to a topic of interest.
a.
CSS
c.
Web portal
b.
Web browser
d.
Search engine
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
15. A(n) _____ can be used in an enterprise to enable the sharing of information between employees, training for new employees, or customer support for products.
a.
Web portal
c.
Web analytics software
b.
wiki
d.
search engine optimization
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
16. ______ consist of standards and tools that streamline and simplify communication among Web sites and that promise to revolutionize the way we develop and use the Web for business and personal purposes.
a.
The TCP protocol
c.
DARPANET
b.
Web services
d.
IP v6
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
17. Java allows small programs, called ______, to be embedded with an HTML document.
a.
programets
c.
applets
b.
subroutines
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
18. _____ is NOT a Web programming language.
a.
Java
c.
Hypertext Preprocessor
b.
JavaScript
d.
COBOL
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
19. Conducting classes over the Web with no physical class meetings is called _____.
a.
social networking
c.
electronic conferencing
b.
distance education
d.
podcasting
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
20. The dominate search engine is _____.
a.
c.
b.
Baidu
d.
Yahoo!
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
21. ______ refers to itself as a decision engine rather than a search engine.
a.
Yahoo!
c.
b.
Baidu
d.
Bing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
22. ______ allows you to run keyword searches on several search engines at once.
a.
Wikipedia
c.
b.
Meta search engine
d.
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
23. _____ is a Web site that allows people to add or edit entries in the encyclopedia at any time.
a.
Blog
c.
Browser
b.
Wiki
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
24. A growing number of companies offer limited access to their private corporate network for selected customers and suppliers by use of a(n) ______
a.
intranet
c.
extranet
b.
Internet
d.
World Wide Web
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Intranets and Extranets
25. Sales tax for all Internet businesses could total more than ______.
a.
$1 billion
c.
$100 billion
b.
$10 billion
d.
$1 trillion
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Internet Issues
COMPLETION
1. The ______ communications protocol enables computers to route communications traffic from one network to another as needed.
ANS: Internet Protocol (IP)
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
2. _____ is any organization that provides Internet access to people.
ANS: Internet service providers
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
3. Messages on the Internet are typically sent through one or more _____ to reach its destination.
ANS: routers
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
4. _____ is a new cross-country, high-speed (10 Gbps) fiber optic network dedicated to research in high-speed networking applications.
ANS: National Lamda Rail
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
5. The ______ is a 64-bit number that identifies the computer on the Internet.
ANS: IP address
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
6. The _____ is responsible for managing IP addresses and Internet domain names.
ANS: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
7. ______ cloud refers to service providers that offer their cloud-based services to the general public.
ANS: Public
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
8. The top-level domain affiliation commonly used to denote nonprofit organizations sites is _____.
ANS: org
PTS: 1 REF: The Use and Functioning of the Internet
9. Extensible Markup Language is the _____ language designed to transport and store data on the Web.
ANS: markup
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
10. _____ is an open source programming language that is popular for server-side application development and whose code can be directly embedded into HTML code and run on a Web server.
ANS: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
11. _____ is a markup language designed to transport and store data on the Web.
ANS: Extensible Markup Language or XML
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
12. HTML works hand in hand with another markup language called ______ to design groups of Web pages by defining font characteristics for a variety of page elements as well as how those elements are laid out on the Web page.
ANS: Cascading Style Sheets or CSS
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
13. In addition to XML, three other components are used in Web service applications including SOAP, WSDL, and ______ used to register Web service applications. .
ANS: Universal Discovery Description and Integration or UDDI
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
14. The _____ is a Web address that specifies the exact location of a Web page using letters and words that map to an IP address and a location on the host.
ANS: Uniform Resource Locator
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
15. www.cengage.com is an example of a _____ name that identifies the Internet host site.
ANS: domain
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
16. Using _____, Web users can jump between Web pages store on various Web servers - creating the illusion of interacting with one big computer.
ANS: hyperlinks
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
17. Web application ______ have arisen to simplify Web Development by providing the foundational code for a profession interactive Web site.
ANS: frameworks
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
18. Web ______ maintain Web servers, storage systems, and backup systems. They also provide e-commerce software when required.
ANS: hosts
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
19. Web _____ such as Adobe Flash and Real Player, provide additional features to standard Web sites.
ANS: plug-ins
PTS: 1 REF: The World Wide Web
20. The Web has evolved to ______ which enables people to not only obtain information from the Internet but to contribute information.
ANS: Web 2.0
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
21. ______ Web sites provide members with a personal Web page and allow them to post photos and information about themselves.
ANS: Social networking
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
22. Conducting classes over the Web with no physical class meetings is called _____ and provides a convenient method for nontraditional students to attend college.
ANS: distance education
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
23. Many of the computer activities traditionally provided through software installed on a PC can now be carried out using _____ applications in a Web browser without installing any software.
ANS: rich Internet
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
24. A(n) _____ is a Web site that people can create and use to write about their observations, experiences, and opinions on a wide range of topics.
ANS: blog or Web log
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
25. A(n) _____ is a Web page that combines useful information and links and acts as an entry point to the Web.
ANS: Web portal
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
ESSAY
1. Briefly explaining the passing of packets over the Internet.
ANS:
The various telecommunications networks that are linked to form the Internet work much the same way - they pass data around in chunks called packets, each of which carries the address of its sender and its receiver along with other technical information. The set of rules used to pass packets from one host to another is the IP protocol. Many other communications protocols are used in connection with IP. The best known is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). After a network following these standards links to the Internet’s backbone, it becomes part of the worldwide Internet community.
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
2. Explain the rules that apply to using domain names.
ANS:
Domain names always have at least two parts, with each part separated by a period. For some Internet addresses, the far right part of the domain name is the country code, such as au for Australia. Many Internet addresses have a code denoting affiliation categories, such as com for business sites and edu for education sites. The far left part of the domain name identifies the host network or host provider, which might be the name of a university or a business.
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
3. Define cloud computing and identify the business benefits of cloud computing.
ANS:
Cloud computing refers to a computing environment where software and storage are provided as an Internet service and accessed with a Web browser. By outsourcing business information systems to the cloud, a business saves on system design, installation, and maintenance. Employees can access corporate systems from any Internet-connected computer using a standard Web browser. Some companies, such as Microsoft and Google, provide free online storage for access from any Internet-connected computer.
PTS: 1 REF: Use and Functioning of the Internet
4. Discuss how Blackboard can be used to support distance learning.
ANS:
Blackboard provides an integrated Web environment that includes virtual chat for class members; a discussion group for posting questions and comments; access to the class syllabus and agenda, student grades, and class announcements; and links to class-related material.
PTS: 1 REF: Internet and Web Applications
5. Discuss the use of spiders to enable user searches of the Web.
ANS:
Most search engines use an automated approach that scours the Web with automated programs called spiders. These spiders follow all Web links in an attempt to catalog every Web page by topic; each Web page is analyzed and ranked using unique algorithms, and the resulting information is stored in a database. A keyword search isn’t a search of the Web but rather a search of a database that stores information about Web pages.
PTS: 1 REF: The Internet and Web Applications
8.rtf
Chapter 08: Electronic and Mobile Commerce
TRUE/FALSE
1. The B2B market is considerably larger than the B2C with B2B revenue about 13 times B2C revenue.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
2. The length of the sales process for typical B2B sale is much slower than for the typical C2C sale.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
3. The market for mobile commerce in North America is maturing much later than in Western Europe and Japan.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
4. An organization uses buy-side e-commerce to purchase goods and services from its suppliers.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
5. G2C applications support the purchase of materials and services from private industry by government procurement offices, enable firms to bid on government contracts, and help businesses receive current government regulations related to their operations.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
6. The Supreme Court ruled that online retailers do not need to collect sales taxes on any online purchases.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
7. B2C commerce sales amount to less than 5% of total U.S. retail sales.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
8. A growing trend is consumers researching products online but then purchasing those products at their local brick-and-mortar stores.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
9. The volume of U.S. mobile commerce is estimated to reach about $31 billion by 2016 or about 7% of total U.S. B2C e-commerce sales.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
10. Conversion to an e-commerce or m-commerce system enables organizations to increase the accuracy of order processing and order fulfillment.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
11. Lack of trust in online sellers is one of the most frequently cited reasons that some consumers are not willing to purchase online.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
12. An electronic exchange is an electronic forum where manufacturers, suppliers, and competitors buy and sell goods, trade market information, and run back-office operations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
13. Market segmentation divides the pool of potential customers into subgroups usually defined in terms of demographic characteristics.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
14. One of the main measures of success for mobile advertising is CTR or consumer true response.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
15. In spite of the recent economic downturn, Web site operators have shunned the idea of bartering for goods and services.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
16. Many banks offer mobile banking as an application download that enables users to check their balances, transfer funds, pay bills, and find ATM locations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
17. AdMob is a mobile advertising provider that serves up ads for displays on mobile devices and in applications like those that run on Android and iPhone.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
18. The insurance business adapted to the Internet faster than any other arm of finance.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
19. Bartering is a technique used be advertisers to recapture shoppers who abandoned a Web site without making a purchase.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
20. Blind networks and premium blind networks are two forms of mobile advertising networks.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
21. Implicit personalization techniques capture user-provided information, such as information from warranties, surveys, user registrations, and contest entry forms completed online.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
22. The three basic components of a successful e-commerce model include content, commerce, and community.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
23. A storefront broker is a business that serves as an intermediary between your Web site and online merchants who have the actual products and retail expertise.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
24. A smart card carries no preset spending limit, and each month the user can pay all or part of the amount owed.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
25. Digital certificates verify both purchaser and supplier identities in an e-commerce transaction.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
26. The Secure Sockets Layer communicates protocol secures sensitive data involved in e-commerce that has been encrypted.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
27. PayPal enables any person or business with an e-mail address to securely, easily, and quickly send and receive payments online.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
28. Smart cards are less protected from misuse that conventional credit, charge, and debit cards because the smart card information is not encrypted.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
29. A digital certificate is an attachment to an e-mail message or data embedded in a Web site that verifies the identity of a sender or a Web site.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
30. Smart cards can be used for a variety of purposes, including storing a user’s financial facts, health insurance data, credit card numbers, and network identification codes and passwords. They can also store monetary values for spending.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. For 2009, U.S. B2B revenue was estimated to be approximately ______.
a.
$292 billion
c.
$29 trillion
b.
$680 billion
d.
$3.8 trillion
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
2. The elimination of intermediate organizations between the producer and the consumer is called _____
a.
market segmentation
c.
disintermediation
b.
social networking
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
3. _____ is a subset of e-commerce that involves electronic transactions between consumers and a third party to facilitate the process.
a.
B2B
c.
G2C
b.
B2C
d.
C2C
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
4. Based on a Supreme Court ruling, Internet-based merchants need to charge sales tax only when _____.
a.
the sale price exceeds $100.00
c.
buyers purchase certain enumerated items
b.
buyers live in a state where the merchant has physical facilities
d.
items are purchased through a C2C Web site
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
5. _____ is a form of e-commerce in which the length of the sales process is typically hours to a few days and there are one or two people involved in the decision making.
a.
m-commerce
c.
C2C
b.
B2B
d.
B2C
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
6. The volume of mobile commerce in the U.S. by 2016 is expected to amount to ______ of total U.S. B2C e-commerce.
a.
less than 5%
c.
nearly 15%
b.
roughly 7%
d.
over 20%
ANS: B
____
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
7. Around _____ percent of U.S. Internet users have purchased an item online.
a.
50%
c.
80%
b.
33%
d.
66%
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
8. A(n) _____ is a single Web site that offers many products and services at one Internet location.
a.
Web portal
c.
e-boutique
b.
cybermall
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
9. _____ divides the pool of potential customers into subgroups usually defined in terms of demographic characteristics.
a.
Disintermediation
c.
Market segmentation
b.
Social networking
d.
Market augmentation
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
10. Mobile coupons _____.
a.
have a much higher redemption rate than paper coupons
c.
require special smartphone apps to be scanned by the standard red laser scanners used at checkout stands
b.
can be sent to mobile shoppers by numerous mobile coupon aggregators
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
11. The predominant pricing model used on a blind advertising network and abbreviated CPC is _____.
a.
cost to compare
c.
cost per consumer
b.
cost per click
d.
cost per contact
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
12. _____ is a Web site that offers personalized shopping consultations for shoppers interested in upscale, contemporary clothing and accessories.
a.
E-tailer
c.
Electronic exchange
b.
E-boutique
d.
Web portal
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
13. Pricing mobile ads at cost per thousand views is abbreviated _____.
a.
CPR
c.
CPC
b.
CPM
d.
CPA
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
14. Retargeting ______.
a.
is aimed at the approximately 50% of Web site visitors who shop using smartphone applications
c.
attempts to change Web shopper buying habits to get them to consider products they have never considered purchasing before
b.
employs targeted and personalized ads to redirect shopper’s back to a retailer’s Web site they previously abandoned
d.
attempts to change Web shopper buying habits by getting them to visit Web sites they have not seen before
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
15. Poor Web site performance frequently leads to _____.
a.
inadequate customer service
c.
abandonment of e-commerce Web sites
b.
lost orders
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
16. _____ is not one of the three basic components of a successful e-commerce model.
a.
content
c.
community
b.
conversation
d.
commerce
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
17. A(n) _____ tag is an HTML code, not visible on the displayed Web page, that contains keywords representing your Web site’s content.
a.
HTML
c.
HTTP
b.
meta
d.
identifier
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
18. _____ is an approach used to capture user provided data such as information from warranties and user registration.
a.
Click stream data
c.
Explicit personalization technique
b.
Implicit personalization technique
d.
Phishing
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
19. The ______ is a security technique associated with the use of credit cards at the time of purchase that checks additional digits printed on the back of the card.
a.
Address Verification System
c.
Payment Card Industry security standard
b.
Advanced Authorization
d.
Card Verification Number
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
20. _____ is a standard that spells out measures and security procedures to safeguard the card issuer, the cardholder, and the merchant including such things as installing firewalls, avoiding vendor default passwords, and restricting access to sensitive data on a need-to-know basis.
a.
Secure Sockets Layer
c.
Virtual private network
b.
Card Verification Number
d.
Payment Card Industry
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
21. A(n) _____ card is issued to selected employees to help streamline the traditional purchase order and invoice payment process.
a.
p
c.
credit
b.
debit
d.
charge
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
22. A digital certificate verifies ______.
a.
the purchaser has sufficient fund to make the purchase
c.
the quality of the item purchased is such that it is fit for use
b.
the purchaser and supplier are who they claim to be
d.
the electronic transaction conforms to the PCI standard
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
23. The ______ is a standard set of specification for Internet applications that run on handheld, wireless devices that effectively serves as a Web browser for such devices.
a.
Wireless Application Protocol
c.
Secure Sockets Layer
b.
Payment Card Industry standard
d.
Xipwire
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
24. Authentication technologies are used by many organizations to _____.
a.
verify the accuracy of their product descriptions and prices
c.
confirm the URL of their suppliers’ Web sites
b.
verify the ship to address of their online customers
d.
confirm the identity of the user requesting access to information or assets
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
25. The Wireless Application Protocol _____.
a.
provides secure, encrypted, wireless communications
c.
is an alternative to PCI
b.
serves as a Web browser on handheld, wireless devices
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
COMPLETION
1. _____ is the conducting of business activities electronically over computer networks.
ANS: E-commerce
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
2. _____ is a subset of e-commerce where all the participants are organizations.
ANS: Business-to-business
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
3. ______ is a form of e-commerce in which customers deal directly with an organization and avoid intermediaries.
ANS: business-to-consumer
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
4. ______ e-Commerce applications support transactions between governments such as the federal government and state or local governments.
ANS: G2G
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
5. The five stages of B2B and B2C e-commerce include: 1) search and identify, 2) select and negotiate, 3) ______ , 4) product and service delivery, and after-sales service.
ANS: purchase
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
6. _____ occurs when someone uses your personal identifying information to commit fraud or other crimes.
ANS: Identity theft
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
7. ______ is a service that can be reached from Twitter that routes your shopping-related questions to an expert who can provide unbiased opinions and links to products within minutes.
ANS: @IMshopping
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
8. A(n) _____ joins competitors and suppliers alike to buy and sell goods, trade market information, and run back office operations.
ANS: Electronic exchange
PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
9. ______ is a key sector of wholesale e-commerce and purchases in this arena often approach 40 percent of a manufacturing company’s total revenues.
ANS: manufacturing, repair, and operations (MRO)
PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
10. Mobile ad impressions are generally bought at a cost per ______, cost per click, or cost per action.
ANS:
thousand
PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
11. _____ is the direct sale of products or services by businesses to consumers through electronic storefronts.
ANS: Electronic retailing or e-tailing
PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
12. It is estimated that the mobile coupon redemption rate will grow to about ____ percent worldwide by 2016.
ANS: 8
PTS: 1 REF: Electronic and Mobile Commerce Applications
13. Most people agree that an effective Web Site is one that creates an attractive presence and meets the needs of ______.
ANS: its visitors
PTS: 1 REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
14. Message boards and chat rooms can build a loyal ______ of people who are interested in and enthusiastic about the company and its products and services.
ANS: community
PTS: 1 REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
15. ______ involves consumers and businesses paying to purchase physical goods, information, or services that are posted or advertised online.
ANS: Commerce
PTS: 1 REF: Strategies for Successful E-Commerce and M-Commerce
16. The ______ security standard spells out measures and security procedures to safeguard the card issuer, the cardholder, and the merchant.
ANS: Payment Card Industry
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
17. The most successful e-commerce solutions must be designed to be highly _____ so that they can be upgraded to meet unexpected user traffic.
ANS: scalable
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
18. ______ create a trust chain throughout the transaction, verifying both the purchaser and supplier identities. .
ANS: Digital certificates
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
19. All credit card customers are protected from paying more than _____ for fraudulent transactions.
ANS: $50
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
20. The amount of storage capacity and computing power required of the e-commerce Web server depends on two things: the volume of e-commerce transactions that must be processed and the _____.
ANS: software that must and run on the server
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
21. The two most widely used Web server software packages are Apache HTTP Server and Microsoft _____.
ANS: Internet Information Services
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
22. With the Secure Sockets Layer communication protocol, the data is always _____ ensuring that your transactions are not subject to interception.
ANS: encrypted
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
23. The use of cell phones has become commonplace to make purchases and transfer funds between consumers. Two options are available: payments linked to _____ and payments added to your phone bill.
ANS: bank
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
24. The _____ is responsible for guaranteeing that the people or organizations granted these unique certificates are, in fact, who they claim to be.
ANS: certificate authority
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
25. Unlike a credit card, a smart card does not shown your account number or _____ anywhere on the card.
ANS: signature
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
ESSAY
1. Define electronic commerce and identify its various subsets.
ANS:
Electronic commerce is the conducting of business activities electronically between companies (business-to-business), companies and consumers (business-to-consumer), consumers and other consumers (consumer-to-consumer), government and business, government to citizens, and government to government. Another subset of electronic commerce is mobile commerce which relies on the use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business.
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Electronic Commerce
2. Why is m-commerce maturing much latter in North America than in Western Europe and Japan?
ANS:
In North America, responsibility for network infrastructure is fragmented among many providers, consumer payments are usually made by credit card, and many Americans are unfamiliar with mobile data services. In most Western European countries, communicating via wireless devices is common, and consumers are much more willing to use m-commerce. Japanese consumers are generally enthusiastic about new technology and are much more likely to use mobile technologies for making purchases.
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
3. Identify and briefly discuss three key challenges to e-commerce.
ANS:
Three key challenges include: 1) dealing with consumer privacy concerns, 2, overcoming consumers’ lack of trust, and 3) overcoming global issues. While two-thirds of U.S. Internet users have purchased an item online and most Internet users say online shopping saves them time, about one-third of all adult Internet users will not buy anything online because they have privacy concerns or lack trust in online merchants. And with some justification as over 543 million computer records containing sensitive personal information were involved in security breaches in the United States from 2005 to 2011. Global issues include cultural challenges, language challenges, time and distance challenges, infrastructure challenges, currency challenges, and state, regional, and national law challenges.
PTS: 1 REF: An Introduction to Mobile Commerce
4. Briefly explain the use of the p-card.
ANS:
A p-card is a credit card used to streamline the traditional purchase order and invoice payment process. The p-card is typically issued to selected employees who must follow company rules and guidelines that may include a single purchase limit, a monthly spending limit, or merchant category code restrictions. Due to an increased risk of unauthorized purchases, each p-card holder’s spending activity is reviewed periodically by someone independent of the card holder to ensure adherence to the guidelines.
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
5. Explain the secure sockets layer works.
ANS:
The SSL is a communications protocol used to secure sensitive data. It includes a handshake stage, which authenticates the server, determines the encryption and hashing algorithms to be used, and exchanges encryption keys. Following the handshake stage, data might be transferred. The data is always encrypted, ensuring that your transactions are not subject to interception or “sniffing” by a third party. Although SSL handles the encryption part of a secure e-commerce transaction, a digital certificate is necessary to provide server identification.
PTS: 1
REF: Technology Infrastructure Required to Support E-Commerce and M-Commerce
9.rtf
Chapter 09: Enterprise Systems
TRUE/FALSE
1. Transaction processing systems provide valuable input to management information systems, decision support systems, and knowledge management systems.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
2. With an OLTP system, each transaction is accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing in a large batch of similar transactions.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
3. While integrated transaction processing system solutions have been developed for SMEs, unfortunately, most of these have a high total cost of ownership and are difficult to install.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
4. Capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete the processing of transactions is called data collection.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
5. An important step in processing transaction data is to check data for validity and completeness, a task called data correction.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
6. Data editing involves reentering data that was not typed or scanned properly.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
7. Effective use of an ERP system requires changes in work processes and in the details of how work gets done.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
8. Half of nearly 200 ERP implementations worldwide were judged to be failures.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
9. The average ERP implementation cost is $5.5 million with an average project duration just over 14 months.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
10. In the ERP system, input to the general ledger occurs simultaneously with the input of a business transaction to a specific finance and accounting software module.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
11. Customer relationship management software helps plan, execute, and control all the activities involved in raw material sourcing and procurement, conversion of raw materials to finished products, and the warehousing and delivery of finished product to customers.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
12. An enterprise system ensures that the information needed for a single business function and all levels of management within that function is available.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
13. SMEs are exploring the use of hosted software to acquire, use, and benefit from new software even though it means extra complexity and high start-up costs.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
14. The product lifecycle management system is confined to use by members of the organization in product development and engineering.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
15. Many of the users of a company’s product lifecycle management system are people outside that company.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
16. The sole advantage of the hosted software model is decreased total cost of ownership.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
17. Large organizations were the first to take on the challenge of implementing ERP.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
18. An enterprise system is central to large organization and ensures that information can be shared across all business functions and levels of management. Small and medium size organizations do not employ such systems.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
19. Two key benefits gained from successful implementation of an ERP system include elimination of costly, inflexible legacy systems and upgrading technology infrastructure.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
20. Adoption of an ERP system will enable an organization to eliminate dozens or even hundreds of separate systems and replace them with a single integrated set of applications for the entire enterprise.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
21. The individual application modules of an ERP system are designed to support best practices, the most efficient and effective ways to complete a business process.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
22. Implementation of an ERP system provides an organization with an opportunity to also upgrade its technology infrastructure.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
23. It is wise to plan to spend 30 to 60 days per employee for ERP training.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
24. A key to the success of implementation of an ERP system is to make the transition from the old way of doing things to the new way as quickly as possible, cutting corners whenever possible.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
25. SMEs are too small to achieve substantial business benefits from the implementation of an ERP system.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
26. It is advisable to appoint a full-time mid-level manager to head the organization’s ERP project.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
27. The BOM is a sort of recipe” of ingredients needed to make each item the organization manufactures.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
28. Infor has jumped ahead of SAP and Oracle and today leads the world in the sale of ERP systems.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
29. Customer support, sales management, and contact management are key features of a Customer Relationship Management system.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
30. Oracle is challenged to integrate ERP software from PeopleSoft, JD Edwards and Siebel systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Resource Management
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A key feature on an enterprise resource planning system is that _____.
a.
all transactions are processed in online transaction processing mode
c.
it employs a database of key operational and planning information that can be shared by all
b.
it comes fully integrated with all of the organization’s e-commerce systems
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Why Learn About Enterprise Systems?
2. With _____, business transactions are accumulated over a period of time for processing in a single unit.
a.
online transaction processing
c.
on-demand processing
b.
real-time transaction processing
d.
batch processing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
3. ______ is an example of a transaction processing system.
a.
c.
Accounts payable
b.
Microsoft Office software
d.
Software for creating spreadsheets
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
4. As an organization’s purchasing systems generate purchase orders and the items ordered are received, information is sent to the _____ system to manage the amounts owed by the organization.
a.
accounts receivable
c.
invoicing
b.
accounts payable
d.
inventory control
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
5. The essential characteristic of a _____ is that there is some delay between an event and the eventual processing of the related transaction to update the organization’s records.
a.
online processing system
c.
transaction processing system
b.
order processing system
d.
batch processing system
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
6. Integrated information transaction processing system solutions for SMEs
a.
are difficult to install and operate
c.
have a high cost of total ownership
b.
typically cost a few hundred to a few thousand dollars
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
7. Organizations expect their _____ to ensure that data is processed accurately and completely, avoid processing fraudulent transactions, and reduce clerical and other labor requirements.
a.
batch processing systems
c.
online processing systems
b.
purchasing processing systems
d.
transaction processing systems
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
8. A small enterprise is one with _______ employees.
a.
less than 100 employees
c.
250 to 500 employees
b.
100 to 250 employees
d.
less than 500 employees
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
9. When a(n) _____ arrives from a supplier, it is matched to the original order and the receiving report and a check is generated if all data is complete and consistent.
a.
order
c.
invoice
b.
pick list
d.
request for quotation
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
10. _____ involves capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete the processing of transactions.
a.
Data manipulation
c.
Date input
b.
Data editing
d.
Data collection
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
11. The processes used by leading companies to complete a business process in the most efficient and effective manner are called _____.
a.
current best approach
c.
best practices
b.
streamlined processes
d.
process improvement
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
12. _____ involves reentering data that was not typed or scanned correctly.
a.
data editing
c.
data manipulation
b.
data correction
d.
data collection
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
13. The _____ refines the production plan defined by the demand management process to develop a detailed production schedule specifying details such as which item to produce first and when production should be switched from one item to another.
a.
sales and operation plan
c.
material requirement plan
b.
detailed scheduling plan
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
14. Purchasing uses the information from the _____ to place purchase orders for raw materials.
a.
sales and operations plan
c.
detailed scheduling plan
b.
materials requirement plan
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Resource Management
15. CRM is used primarily by people in ______.
a.
finance and accounting
c.
sales, marketing, and customer service
b.
product development and manufacturing
d.
human resources, marketing, and finance
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
16. The _____ plan takes demand and current inventory levels into account and determines specific product items that need to be produced and when in order to meet the forecast future demand.
a.
sales and operation plan
c.
detailed scheduling plan
b.
demand plan
d.
material requirement plan
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
17. A(n) _____ system is central to a system and ensures that information can be shared across all business functions and all levels of management to support running and managing of a business.
a.
accounting
c.
order processing
b.
enterprise
d.
purchasing
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
18. By upgrading and standardizing on its technology infrastructure, an organization can _____.
a.
eliminate a hodgepodge of multiple hardware platforms,operating systems, and databases
c.
reduce the training load for those people who must support the infrastructure
b.
reduce ongoing hardware and software maintenance
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
19. ______ will help avoid a common cause of failed ERP implementation.
a.
Keeping the scope of the implementation fluid so changes can be easily incorporated
c.
Defining metrics to assess the progress of the project
b.
Minimizing the time and dollars spent on training end users
d.
Not requiring the full-time involvement of a business executive
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
20. ______ of nearly 200 ERP implementations worldwide evaluated were judged to be failures. Customization of a vendor’s ERP system is often required to _____
a.
About one-fourth
c.
Half
b.
One-third
d.
Over half
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
21. _____includes the planning, execution, and control of all activities involved in raw material sourcing and procurement, conversions of raw materials to finished products, and the warehousing and delivery of finished product to customers.
a.
Enterprise resource planning
c.
Customer relationship management
b.
Materials requirement planning
d.
Supply chain management
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
22. Many SMEs elect to implement _____ ERP systems.
a.
proprietary
c.
custom coded
b.
in-house developed
d.
open source
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
23. Manufacturing ERP systems follow a systemic process for developing a production plan that starts with _______.
a.
cash flow forecasting
c.
inventory control
b.
demand planning
d.
sales forecasting
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
24. PLM software ______.
a.
distributes data to only employees of the organization
c.
secures data so that changes cannot be made early in the product design process
b.
provides data required for FDA and environmental compliance
d.
is frequently employed by non-manufacturing organizations
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
25. Many business application software vendors are pushing the use of _____ for SME to help them acquire, use, and benefit from new technology while avoiding much of the associated complexity and high start-up costs.
a.
hosted software model
c.
open source code
b.
ERP systems
d.
CRM
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
COMPLETION
1. With _____ processing, each transaction is processed immediately, without the delay of accumulating transactions into a batch.
ANS: online transaction
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
2. More and more companies are using the ______ to capture and process transaction data from e-commerce applications.
ANS: Internet
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
3. A(n) _____ is a set of coordinated and related activities that takes one or more types of input and creates an output of value to the customer of that process.
ANS: business process
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
4. The traditional transaction processing systems that support the _____ business function include inventory control, purchase order processing, receiving, and accounts payable.
ANS: purchasing
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
5. Transaction processing systems use a large amount of input and output data to update the official _____ of the company about orders, sales, customers, and so on.
ANS: records
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
6. With an OLTP, each transaction is processed immediately without the delay of ______ transactions into a batch.
ANS: accumulating
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
7. TPS systems capture and process data that describe fundamental business _____.
ANS: transactions
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
8. Running these systems efficiently and reliably is so critical that the ______ systems are sometimes referred to as the lifeblood of the organization.
ANS:
order processing
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
9. SME stands for small and medium-size enterprises where small is defined as an enterprise with less than _____ employees.
ANS: 50
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Transaction Processing Systems
10. Data _____ ensures that all the necessary to complete processing of transactions is captured and gathered.
ANS: collection
PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
11. Data ______ is the process of performing calculations and other transformations related to business transactions.
ANS: manipulation
PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
12. ______ production involves generating output records, documents, and reports.
ANS: Document
PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
13. The transaction processing cycle includes data collection, data ______, data correction, data storage, and documentation production.
ANS: data editing
PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
14. CRM is used primarily by people in the sales, marketing, and service organizations to capture and view data about ______.
ANS: customers
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
15. With open software, anyone can see and modify the ______ to customize it to meet their needs.
ANS: source code
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
16. Sales ordering is the set of activities that must be performed to capture a ______.
ANS: customer order
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
17. The recording of a sale and the creation of an accounts receivable entry indicating that a customer owes money for goods received is an example of _____ accounting.
ANS: financial
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
18. Potential problems ______ the hosted products of different vendors is considered a disadvantage of the hosted software model.
ANS: integrating
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
19. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, many organizations recognized that their legacy TPSs lacked the _____ needed to coordinate activities and share valuable information across all the business functions of the firm.
ANS: integration
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
20. There are many software vendors who offer _____ versions of their ERP or CRM software at a low monthly rental rate.
ANS: hosted
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
21. _____ are the most efficient and effective ways to complete a business process.
ANS: Best practices
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
22. Moving from a culture of simply selling products to one of placing the _____ first is essential to a successful CRM deployment.
ANS: customer
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
23. The average ERP implementation cost is ______ million with an average project duration just over 14 months.
ANS: $5.5
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
24. ______ accounting involves the use of both historical and estimated data in providing information that management uses to conduct daily operations, plan future operations, and develop overall business strategies.
ANS: Managerial
PTS: 1
REF: Enterprise Resource Management and Customer Relationship Management
25. Many SMEs elect to implement _____ ERP systems from vendors such as Plex and NetSuite that enable users to access the ERP application using a Web browser.
ANS: cloud-computing-based
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
ESSAY
1. Identify the common set of basic transaction processing activities performed by every TPS.
ANS:
All TPS systems perform the following activities: data collection, data editing, data correction, data manipulation, data storage, and document production and reports. Data collection involves capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete the processing of transactions. Data editing checks the validity and completeness of all data and rejects bad data. Data correction involves correcting and reentering data that did not pass the date edit checks. Data manipulation is the process of performing calculations and other data transformations related to business transactions. Data storage involves updating one or more databases with new transactions. Document production and reports involves generating output records, documents, and reports.
PTS: 1 REF: Transaction Processing Activities
2. Define the term CRM system and state its fundamental purpose.
ANS:
CRM software automates and integrates the functions of sales, marketing, and service in an organization. The objective is to capture data about every contact a company has with a customer through every channel and store it in the CRM system so the company can truly understand customer actions. CRM software helps an organization build a database about its customers that describes relationships in sufficient detail so that management, salespeople, customer service providers, and even customers can access information to match customer needs with product plans and offerings, remind them of service requirements, and know what other products they have purchased.
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
3. Define the scope of a Product Lifecycle Management system and identify the type of data stored in such a system.
ANS:
PLM software provides a means for managing all the data associated with product development, engineering design, production, support, and disposal of manufactured products. As products advance through these stages, product data is generated and distributed to various groups both within and outside the manufacturing firm. This data includes design and process documents, bill of material definitions, product attributes, and documents needed for FDA and environmental compliance.
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Supply Chain Management
4. Briefly explain the difference between financial and managerial accounting.
ANS:
Financial accounting consists of capturing and recording all the transactions that affect the company’s financial state and then using these documented transactions to prepare financial statements for external decision makers, such as stockholders, suppliers, banks, and government agencies. These statements must be prepared in strict accordance tor the rules and guidelines of various agencies. Managerial accounting involves using both historical and estimated data in providing information that management uses in conducting daily operations, in planning future operations, and in developing overall business strategies. Managerial accounting provides data to enable the firm’s managers to assess the profitability of a given product line or specific product, identify under performing sales regions, establish budgets, make profit forecasts, and measure the effectiveness of marketing campaigns.
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
5. Why are SMEs interested in trying the hosted software model?
ANS:
The hosted software model enables customers to acquire, use, and benefit from new technology while avoiding much of the associated complexity and high start-up costs. SMEs can experiment with powerful software capabilities without making a major financial investment.Also, using hosted software means the SME does not need to employ a full-time IT person to maintain key business applications.
PTS: 1 REF: Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relationship Management
10.rtf
Chapter 10: Information and Decision Support Systems
TRUE/FALSE
1. The ultimate goal of management information and decision support systems is to help managers and executives at all levels make better decisions and solve important problems.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Information and Decision Support Systems
2. A well-known model developed by Herbert Simon divides the decision making phase of the problem solving process into five stages.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
3. Nonprogrammed decisions are made using a rule, procedure, or quantitative method.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
4. During the first stage of problem solving, you identify and define potential problems or opportunities as well as investigate resource and environmental constraints.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
5. A satisficing model is one that finds a good - but not necessarily the best - solution to a problem.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
6. The primary purpose of an MIS is to help an organization achieve its goals by providing managers with insight into the regular operations of the organization so they can control, organize, and plan more effectively.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
7. The use of MISs spans all levels of management.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
8. The most significant data for an MIS is data about customers, suppliers, competitors, and stockholders.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
9. Scheduled reports are produced periodically, such as daily weekly, or monthly.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
10. Demand reports are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
11. An MIS can be divided along functional lines to produce reports tailored to individual functions.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
12. Most financial MISs integrate financial and operational information from multiple sources, including the Internet, into a single system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
13. Revenue centers are units within the company that focus primarily on generating sales.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
14. Internal auditing is performed by individuals within the organization to determine whether the financial statements and reports produced by the financial MIS are accurate.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
15. Many manufacturing operations have been dramatically improved over the last decade as a result of advances in information systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
16. Manufacturing companies seldom use CAD with new or existing products.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
17. The economic order quantity is calculated to minimize the number of times an inventory item must be reordered.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
18. Just-in-time inventory determines when finished products are needed and then works backward to determine deadlines and resources needed.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
19. Marketing functions are increasingly being performed on the Internet and mobile devices.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
20. Market research conducts formal studies of the market and customer preferences.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
21. Engagement ratings show how ads convert to sales.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
22. Product pricing is important to identify products, sales personnel, and customers that contribute to profits and those that do not.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
23. The overall purpose of the human resource planning subsystem is to aid in the recruiting and selecting of personnel.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
24. A decision support system includes people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to help assemble, store, manipulate, and display geographic information.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
25. The focus of decision support systems is on decision-making effectiveness when faced with unstructured and structured business problems.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
26. An ad hoc DSS is concerned with situations or decisions that come up frequently during the life of the organization.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
27. DSS and MIS systems are actually quite similar in numerous ways, including the types of problems solved, the support given to users, and the decision emphasis and approach.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
28. The dialogue manager of a DSS can also connect to external databases to give decision makers even more information and decision support beyond that available through just corporate databases..
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Components of a Decision Support System
29. The Delphi approach is a group decision making approach that encourages diversity among group members and fosters creativity and original thinking in decision making.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
30. An executive support system is a specialized type of MIS, and, like an MIS, is designed to support higher-level decision making in the organization.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Executive Support Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. One characteristic of a structured problem is that _____.
a.
it is straightforward, requiring known facts and relationships
c.
the data might be difficult to manipulate or obtain
b.
the relationships among the pieces of data are not always clear
d.
the decision maker might not know the information requirements of the decision in advance
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
2. The two phases of problem solving that were added by Huber to Simon’s original three-sate model were _____
a.
intelligence and design
c.
choice and implementation
b.
implementation and monitoring
d.
design and choice
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
3. The second stage in the problem solving process during which you develop alternative solutions to the problem and evaluate their feasibility.
a.
design
c.
intelligence
b.
choice
d.
monitoring
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
4. During the _____ stage of the problem solving process, you select a course of action.
a.
intelligence
c.
choice
b.
implementation
d.
design
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
5. The performance of decision support systems is typically a function of decision quality and _____.
a.
hardware
c.
problem complexity
b.
cost
d.
software
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
6. The most significant internal data sources for an MIS are the organization’s _____ .
a.
data from customers, suppliers, competitors, and stockholders
c.
Internet Web sites
b.
various TPS and ERP systems and related databases
d.
various DSS and GSS systems and users
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
7. The _____ reports are reports that are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action.
a.
exception
c.
scheduled
b.
drill-down
d.
demand
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
8. The _____ report summarizes the previous day’s critical activities and is typically available at the start of each workday.
a.
exception
c.
key-indicator
b.
drill-down
d.
demand
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
9. The focus of a DSS is on decision-making _____ when faced with unstructured or semistructured business problems.
a.
accuracy
c.
effectiveness
b.
efficiency
d.
timeliness
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
10. Decision support systems _____.
a.
are used for operational, tactical, and strategic decision making
c.
support optimization, satisficing, and heuristic approaches
b.
might support a decision maker in only one or two of the problem-solving phases
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
11. The ability to _____ is a characteristic of a MIS system.
a.
provide reports with fixed and standard formats
c.
Produce hard-copy and soft-copy reports
b.
allow users to develop custom reports
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
12. The ability to _____ is a characteristic of a financial MIS.
a.
enable analysis of financial data along multiple dimensions
c.
integrate financial and operational information from multiple sources, including the Internet
b.
provide easy access to financial data through use of a corporate intranet to access corporate Web pages
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
13. A department within an organization that focuses on generating profits is called a(n) ______.
a.
cost center
c.
profit center
b.
revenue center
d.
sales center
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
14. The _____ MIS subsystems and outputs are used to monitor and control the flow of materials, products, and services through the organization.
a.
human resources
c.
financial
b.
marketing
d.
manufacturing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
15. The goal of a(n) _____ system is to tie together all aspects of production, including order processing, product design, manufacturing, inspection and quality control, and shipping.
a.
computer-assisted manufacturing
c.
flexible manufacturing system
b.
computer integrated manufacturing
d.
computer-assisted design
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
16. A(n) _____ MIS supports managerial activities in product development, distribution, pricing, promotions, and sales forecasting.
a.
human resources
c.
marketing
b.
financial
d.
manufacturing
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
17. Subsystems for the marketing MIS and their outputs help marketing managers and executives to _____.
a.
accelerate product development
c.
reduce marketing expenses
b.
lower inventory levels and expenses
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
18. An effective _____ MIS enables an organization to keep personnel costs at a minimum while serving the required business processes needed to achieve corporate goals.
a.
financial
c.
HR
b.
manufacturing
d.
sales
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
19. A typical DSS includes many components including the _____ which allows decision makers to easily access and manipulate the DSS and to use common business terms and phrases.
a.
model base
c.
database
b.
dialogue manager
d.
external database access
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Components of a Decision Support System
20. The _____ is not a component of the typical DSS?
a.
database
c.
model base
b.
user interface
d.
inference engine
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Components of a Decision Support System
21. Developers of ______ systems try to build on the advantages of individual support systems while adding new approaches unique to group decision making.
a.
DSS
c.
GSS
b.
MIS
d.
GIS
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
22. The ______ approach forces members of a decision making group to reach a unanimous decision.
a.
Delphi
c.
group consensus
b.
brainstorming
d.
nominal group technique
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
23. Group support system alternatives include ______.
a.
decision rooms
c.
teleconferencing
b.
local area networks
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
24. An executive support system _____.
a.
is designed for use strictly by executives at a very senior level
c.
includes only internally generated data and information about the organization
b.
is very similar to a DSS, except it is targeted for use by executives
d.
can present structured information about aspects of the organization that executives consider important
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Executive Support Systems
25. _____ is a common characteristic of an executive support system.
a.
Tailored for use by individual executives
c.
Can be used in situations with a high degree of uncertainty
b.
Provides drill-down capabilities
d.
Designed for use in a group setting
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Executive Support Systems
COMPLETION
1. _____ decisions deal with unusual or exceptional situations and,in many cases, these decisions are difficult to quantify.
ANS: Nonprogrammed
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
2. The final stage of the problem-solving process during which decision makers evaluate the implementation is called the ______ stage
ANS: monitoring
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
3. A(n) _____ model finds the best solution, usually one that will best help the organization meet its goals.
ANS: optimization
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
4. In general, computerized decision support systems can either optimize or _____.
ANS:
satisfice
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
5. A limit on the quantity of raw material to make a finished product is an example of a problem _____.
ANS: constraint
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
6. _____ is used when modeling the problem properly to get an optimal decision would be too difficult, complex, or costly.
ANS: Satisficing
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
7. _____ are commonly accepted guidelines or procedures that usually find a good solution.
ANS: Heuristics or “Rules of thumb”
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
8. A(n) ______ system provides managers with information that supports effective decision making and provides feedback on daily operations.
ANS: MIS
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
9. The use of MIS systems spans ______ levels of management.
ANS: all
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
10. _____ reports are developed to provide certain information upon request.
ANS: Demand
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
11. _____ reports are reports that are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action.
ANS: Exception
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
12. ______ reports provide increasingly detailed data about a situation so analysts can see data at a high level first and then at a more detailed level.
ANS: Drill-down
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
13. A(n) _____ is any organizational unit that focuses on generating a profit for the firm.
ANS: profit center
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
14. An organization might hire an outside accounting firm to perform a(n) _____ to assess the financial condition of the firm and determine whether financial statements and reports produced by its financial MIS are accurate.
ANS: external audit
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
15. A manufacturing or architectural firm uses _____ software to develop a digital blueprint of its products prior to building them.
ANS: computer-aided design
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
16. _____ is an approach that maintains inventory at the lowest levels without sacrificing the availability of finished products.
ANS: Just in time inventory
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
17. With the use of ______ and location analysis from cell phone towers, advertisers will be able to promote products and services in stores and shops that are close to people with cell phones.
ANS: GPS
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
18. The purpose of _____ is to conduct a formal study of the market and customer preferences.
ANS: market research
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
19. _____ ratings show how ads convert to sales.
ANS: Engagement
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
20. Many of today’s _____ systems concentrate on hiring and managing existing employees to get the total potential of the human talent in the organization.
ANS: HR
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
21. A(n) _____ MIS performs a number of important activities, providing aggregate information on accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and many other applications.
ANS: accounting
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
22. A Google _____ application has been developed that combines geothermal information with its mapping applications to help identify carbon emissions.
ANS: GIS
PTS: 1 REF: Functional Aspects of the MIS
23. A(n) _____ DSS handles situations or decisions that occur more than once, usually several times per year or more.
ANS: institutional
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
24. ______ communications ties together and integrates various communications systems, including traditional phones, cell phones, e-mail, text messages, the Internet, and more.
ANS: Unified
PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
25. In the _____ decision making approach, members of a group offer suggestions “off the top of their heads.”
ANS: brainstorming
PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
ESSAY
1. Briefly describe the five stage decision making process.
ANS:
The first stage of the problem-solving process is the intelligence stage wherein you identify and define potential problems or opportunities as well as investigate resource and environmental constraints. During the design phase, several alternative solutions to the problem are identified and evaluated for their feasibility. During the choice stage, a course of action is selected. During the implementation stage, the solution is put into effect. In the monitoring stage, the decision makers evaluate the implementation to determine whether the anticipated results were achieved and to modify the process in light of new information.
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
2. Explain the difference between an optimization and satisficing model.
ANS:
An optimization model use problem constraints and finds the best solution to the problem while meeting the constraints. A satisficing model is one that finds a good, but not necessarily, the best solution to a problem. Satisficing is used when modeling the problem properly to get an optimal decision would be too difficult, complex, or costly. Satisficing does not look at all possible solutions but only at those likely to give good results.
PTS: 1 REF: Decision Making and Problem Solving
3. Identify and briefly describe the various kinds of reports frequently produced by an MIS.
ANS:
Scheduled reports are produced periodically, such as daily, weekly, or monthly. A key indicator report summarizes the previous day’s critical activities and is typically available at the start of the workday. Demand reports are developed to provide certain information upon request. Exception reports are reports automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action. Drill down reports provide increasing detailed data about a situation.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Management Information Systems
4. Define the term DSS and briefly describe the basic capabilities of a DSS.
ANS:
A DSS is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to help make decisions that solve problems. DSS systems are more flexible than MIS systems and have the potential to help decision makers in a variety of situations. A DSS can assist with all problem solving phases, decision frequencies, and varying degrees of problem structure. They can provide support for decision makers at various levels in the organization.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Decision Support Systems
5. What sort of negative group behavior can lead to ineffective group decision making?
ANS:
In some group settings, dominant individuals can take over the discussion, which can prevent other members of the group from participating. In other cases, one or two group members can sidetrack or subvert the group into areas that are nonproductive and do not help solve the problem at hand. Other times, members of the group may assume that they have made the right decision without examining alternatives.
PTS: 1 REF: Group Support Systems
11.rtf
Chapter 11: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems
TRUE/FALSE
1. Knowledge management and specialized information systems are used in only a few industries.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn About Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems
2. Many organizations actively attempt to convert explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
3. Secretaries, administrative assistants, bookkeepers, and similar data-entry people are often called knowledge workers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
4. Many groups use patents, copyrights, trade secrets, Internet firewalls to keep prying eyes from seeing important knowledge that is expensive and hard to create.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
5. Data mining and business intelligence are often used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
6. A COP is a group of people dedicated to a common discipline or practice, such as open-source software, auditing, medicine, or engineering.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
7. The Watson computer supercomputer developed by IBM was able narrowly missed defeating two prior champions of the TV game show Jeopardy.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
8. A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objectives.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
9. Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are not as good at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
10. Research, called the Brain Computer Interface, is ongoing to directly connect the human brain and have human thought control computer activities.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
11. Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
12. Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for humans.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
13. Vision systems are not yet effective at identifying people based on facial features.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
14. Voice recognition is used with natural language processing to convert sound waves into words.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
15. Learning systems allow a computer to change how it reacts to situations based on feedback it receives.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
16. A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
17. A neural network relies on massively parallel processing to enable a computer to simulate the function of a human brain.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
18. Expert systems use heuristics to arrive at conclusions or make recommendations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
19. The inference engine coordinates the flow of knowledge to other components of the expert systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
20. A new knowledge base must be built for each unique expert system application.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
21. An expert system can use cases to develop the solution to a problem by finding cases stored in the knowledge base that are similar to the problem at hand and then modifying the solution to the cases to fit the current problem.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
22. An expert system, using the explanation facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching the conclusion.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
23. After entering the appropriate attributes, the knowledge acquisition facility correctly stores information and relationships in the knowledge base, making the knowledge base easier and less expensive to set up and maintain.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
24. The user interface makes an expert system easier to both develop and use.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
25. In just the past five years, expert system shells have become available to lessen the burden of programming, allowing nonprogrammers to develop and benefit from the use of expert systems.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
26. The domain expert is the person with the expertise the expert system is trying to capture.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
27. When audio files are played while they are being downloaded from the Internet, it is called streaming audio.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
28. Virtual reality simulations require special interface devices that transmit the sights, sounds, and sensations of the simulated world to the user. \
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
29. Assistive technology systems help overcome disabilities or improve health.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
30. Bioinformatics combines biology and computer science.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ____ knowledge that is hard to measure and document and typically is not objective or formalized.
a.
Tacit
c.
Implicit
b.
Shared
d.
Explicit
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
2. ______ is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
a.
Cognition
c.
Intuition
b.
Knowledge
d.
Sixth sense
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
3. Knowing the best way to negotiate with a foreign government about a volatile hostage situation is an example of ______ knowledge.
a.
intuitive
c.
explicit
b.
tacit
d.
valuable
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
4. ______ are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge.
a.
Knowledge workers
c.
Data workers
b.
Employees
d.
Clerks
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
5. ______ systems include the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer system,s and machines that demonstrate characteristics of intelligence.
a.
Neural network
c.
Artificial intelligence
b.
Learning
d.
Robotic
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
6. ____ involves converting sound waves into words.
a.
Natural language processing
c.
Voice recognition
b.
Learning systems
d.
Virtual reality
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
7. A(n) ____ system requires an extension of understanding visual images.
a.
robotics
c.
learning
b.
perceptive
d.
virtual reality
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
8. ____ can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.
a.
Voice recognition systems
c.
Learning systems
b.
Natural language processing systems
d.
Neural networks
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
9. The genetic algorithm approach is based on the theory of evolution that requires (1) variation and (2) ____.
a.
rapid changes over time
c.
natural selection
b.
large, complex problems
d.
linear programming optimization
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
10. A(n) ____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.
a.
IF-THEN-ELSE statement
c.
rule
b.
case
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
11. The ____ stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that the expert system uses.
a.
inference engine
c.
inference engine
b.
knowledge base
d.
data warehouse
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
12. In an expert system, the ____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.
a.
inference engine
c.
user interface
b.
knowledge acquisition facility
d.
explanation facility
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
13. The ____ allows the expert system user to understand how the system arrived at its results.
a.
inference engine
c.
explanation facility
b.
knowledge base
d.
knowledge acquisition facility
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
14. The expert system knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between ____.
a.
the end users and inference engine
c.
the decision makers and the knowledge base
b.
experts and knowledge base
d.
the system developers and explanation facility
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
15. The ____ is the person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert is trying to capture.
a.
domain expert
c.
knowledge engineer
b.
knowledge user
d.
system developer
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
16. A(n) ____ is a person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system.
a.
knowledge user
c.
domain expert
b.
knowledge engineer
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
17. Graphic images can be stored in a variety of formats including ____.
a.
JPEG and GIF
c.
ISDB and DVB
b.
MP3 and MPEG
d.
none of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
18. ____ is a popular and sophisticated software package that can be used to edit photographs and other visual images.
a.
PowerPoint
c.
Adobe Photoshop
b.
Microsoft Silverlight
d.
All of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
19. When video files are played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called ____.
a.
illegal downloading
c.
video streaming
b.
copyright violation
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
20. ____ is a file conversion program that can be used to compress multimedia files to make them easier to download from the Internet or send as an e-mail attachment.
a.
Apple Quick Time
c.
Grass Valley
b.
WinZip
d.
CorelDraw
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
21. The haptic interface, relays the sense of ____ in the virtual world.
a.
sight
c.
touch
b.
sound
d.
taste
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
22. ____ has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos so that GPS maps can be combined with real pictures of stores and streets to help you locate your position.
a.
Immersive virtual reality
c.
Augmented reality
b.
Telepresence\
d.
Location reality
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
23. Special purpose systems that help overcome disabilities or improve health are called ____.
a.
assistive technology
c.
forensics software
b.
health systems
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
24. One special application of computer technology is derived from a branch of mathematics called ______, which involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies.
a.
informatics
c.
game theory
b.
bioinformatics
d.
None of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
25. ____ , another specialized system, combines traditional disciplines, such as science and medicine, with computer systems and technology.
a.
Informatics
c.
Assistive technology
b.
Game theory
d.
All of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
COMPLETION
1. ____________________ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.
ANS: Explicit
PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
2. ____________________ is a collection of facts organized so that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.
ANS: Information
PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
3. Some organizations and professions use a group of people dedicated to a common discipline called a(n) ____________________ to create, store, and share knowledge.
ANS: community of practice
PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
4. After knowledge is created, it is often stored in a(n) ____________________ that includes documents, reports, files, and databases.
ANS: knowledge repository
PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
5. John McCarthy proposed the use of the term ____________________ to describe computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain.
ANS: artificial intelligence
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
6. The __________________ attempts to determine whether responses from a computer with intelligent behavior are indistinguishable from responses from a human being.
ANS: Turning Test
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
7. ______, a supercomputer developed by IBM with artificial intelligence capabilities, was able to soundly defeat two prior champions of the game show Jeopardy.
ANS: Watson
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
8. A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to an experienced and well trained worker.
ANS: expert
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
9. Ray ____________________ foresees that by 2045 human and machine intelligence might merge.
ANS: Kurzweil
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
10. No computer has passed the ____________________ , developed by Alan Turing, a British mathematician.
ANS: Turing
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
11. ____________________ allows a computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English.
ANS: Natural language processing
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
12. ____________________ is a process where the computer makes a decision, analyzes the results, and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.
ANS: Dynamic programming or Reinforcement learning
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
13. ____________________ is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of a human brain.
ANS: Neural network
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
14. ____________________ is an approach to solving large, complex problems in which many repeated operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.
ANS: Genetic algorithm or Genetic program
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
15. A(n) ____________________ consists of programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program.
ANS: intelligent agent
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
16. The purpose of the ____________________ is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.
ANS: inference engine
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
17. The main purpose of the ____________________ is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.
ANS: knowledge acquisition facility
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
18. The ____________________ is the person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system.
ANS: knowledge engineer
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
19. ____________________ statements are rules that suggest certain conclusions.
ANS: IF-THEN
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
20. ____________________ is text, graphics, video, animation, audio, and other media that can be used to help an organization efficiently and effectively achieve its goals.
ANS: Multimedia
PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
21. CGI or ____________________ technology is used to bring realism to the movie screen.
ANS: computer-generated image
PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
22. When audio files are being played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called ____________________.
ANS: streaming audio
PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
23. The analog and older digital formats must be ______ into a newer digital format before they can be edited and processed by today’s multimedia software.
ANS: converted
PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
24. Smart ____________________ have been placed in the St. Anthony Falls Bridge to measure and report on any potential structural problems.
ANS: sensors
PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
25. A(n) ____________________ 50,000 times smaller than the thickness of a human hair has been developed that if successful, could destroy bacteria.
ANS: nanoparticle
PTS: 1 REF: Specialized Systems
ESSAY
1. Distinguish between data, information, and knowledge.
ANS:
Data consists of raw facts. Information is a collection of facts organized so that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves. Knowledge is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
PTS: 1 REF: Knowledge Management Systems
2. Define artificial intelligence system and list several characteristics of intelligent behavior.
ANS:
Artificial intelligence systems include the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that demonstrate characteristics of human intelligence. The characteristics include the ability to: 1) learn from experience and apply the knowledge acquired from experience, 2) handle complex situations, 3) solve problems when important information is missing, 4) determine what is important, 5) react quickly and correctly to a new situation, 6) understand visual images, 7) process and manipulate symbols, and 7) be creative and imaginative.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
3. Identify and briefly define several speciality areas of artificial intelligence.
ANS:
Expert systems consist of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to those of a human expert. Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform other tasks that require a high degree of precision or that are tedious or hazardous for humans. Vision systems include hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images. Natural language processing also a computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a natural language. Learning systems are a combination of software and hardware that allows a computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback that it receives. A neural network is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of the human brain.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence
4. Briefly describe the role of the inference engine and the explanation facility components of an expert system.
ANS:
The overall purpose of an inference engine is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would. The explanation facility allows a user or decision maker to understand how the expert system arrived at certain conclusions or results. The expert system, using the explanation facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching the conclusion.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Expert Systems
5. Discuss some of the factors that go into designing a multimedia application.
ANS:
Designing multimedia applications requires careful thought and a systematic approach. Multimedia applications can be printed on beautiful brochures, placed into attractive corporate reports, uploaded to the Internet, or displayed on large screens for viewing. Because these applications are typically more expensive than preparing documents and files in a word-processing program, it is important to spend time designing the best possible multimedia applications. Designing a multimedia application requires that the end use of the document or file be carefully considered. Because different computers and Web browsers display information differently, it is a good idea to select styles, fonts, and presentations based on computers and browsers that are likely to display the multimedia application. Because large files can take much longer to load into a Web page, smaller files are usually preferred for Web-based multimedia applications.
PTS: 1 REF: Multimedia and Virtual Reality
12.rtf
Chapter 12: Systems Development: Investigation and Analysis
TRUE/FALSE
1. Managers and employees in all functional work areas shun working on systems development projects.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
2. The systems development team, is responsible for determining the information system objectives and delivering a system that meets those objectives.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
3. Mission critical factors are factors that are essential to the success of certain functional areas of an organization.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
4. An individual systems developer is typically assigned to work as a member of an extreme programming team.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
5. System users and system stakeholders are essentially the same set of people.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
6. System development efforts arise only from the highest levels of the organization and are always planned for months in advance.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
7. A project manager is a person that performs all of the system development roles, including systems analyst, programmer, and technical specialist.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
8. A systems analyst is responsible for modifying or developing programs to satisfy user requirements.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
9. Any systems development effort in which business managers and users assume a primary role is called an individual user application.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
10. Information systems planning translates strategic and organizational goals into systems development initiatives.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
11. Prototyping begins by creating a preliminary model of a major subsystem or a scaled-down version of the entire system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
12. An operational prototype is capable of accessing real data files, editing input data, making necessary computations and comparisons, and producing real output.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
13. The overall approach of systems development is the same for mobile devices compared to traditional system development projects with no significant differences.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
14. The traditional systems development efforts are associated strictly with large projects.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
15. A problem with the traditional systems development life cycle is that formal end-of-phase reviews do not occur. Thus, it is very difficult to contain the scope of the project, and the project never seems to end.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
16. Extreme programming uses pairs of programmers who work together to design, code, and test parts of the systems they develop.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
17. Getting users and stakeholders involved in systems development is critical to the success of most systems development efforts.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
18. CASE tools are used by the project manager to determine the critical path of the project.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
19. The bigger the project, the more likely that poor planning will lead to significant problems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
20. Proper planning can guarantee that projects will not fall behind schedule, go over budget, or not meet expectations.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
21. The capability maturity model can be used to measure the maturity of the software development process in an organization.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
22. The systems maintenance form is a document that is filled out by someone who wants the IS department to initiate systems investigation.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
23. Feasibility analysis assess the technical, economic, legal, operational, and schedule feasibility of a project.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
24. The primary outcome of systems investigation is a systems investigation report, also called a feasibility report.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
25. All members of the system investigation team must be co-located to ensure a successful start to the project.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
26. The overall purpose of systems investigation is to determine user, stakeholder, and organizational needs.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
27. The IS plans translates strategic and organizational goals into system development initiatives.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
28. A CSF is a factor that is critical to the success of a manager’s area of the business.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
29. The data flow diagram is a technique to show the relationships among data entities.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
30. The primary outcome of systems analysis is a prioritized list of system requirements.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ____ requires unbiased and careful questioning of whether system elements are related in the most effective ways.
a.
Causal analysis
c.
Critical analysis
b.
Creative analysis
d.
Data flow analysis
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
2. ______ involves investigating new approaches to existing problems.
a.
Critical success factors
c.
Mission critical systems
b.
Critical analysis
d.
Creative analysis
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
3. A professional who specializes in analyzing and designing business systems is called a(n) ____.
a.
systems analyst
c.
individual systems developer
b.
project manager
d.
programmer
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
4. ______ systems are more pivotal in continued operation and goal attainment than others.
a.
Online transaction processing
c.
Mission critical
b.
Order processing
d.
Batch processing
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
5. _____ takes an iterative approach to the systems development process.
a.
Rapid application development
c.
Traditional systems development
b.
Prototyping
d.
None of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
6. ________ is an iterative systems development approach developed by IBM and includes a number of tools and techniques that are typically tailored to fit the needs of a specific organization.
a.
Rational Unifed Process
c.
Scrum
b.
Crystal methodologies
d.
Adaptive software development
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
7. ______ is a systems development approach that stresses agile, incremental development with a team of a dozen or fewer people who perform all systems development activities.
a.
agile development
c.
lean software development
b.
scrum development
d.
feature-driven development
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
8. The _____ system development approach requires cooperation and frequent face-to-face meetings with all project participants as they modify, refine, and test how the system meets users’ needs and what its capabilities are.
a.
prototyping
c.
agile development
b.
extreme programming
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
9. This factor is likely to affect the quality of the systems development effort ____.
a.
the degree of change associated with the project
c.
the ability to manage change associated with the project
b.
whether the project is a continuous change effort or a reengineering effort
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
10. The ______ consists of all project activities that, if delayed, would delay the entire project.
a.
Gantt chart
c.
PERT tasks
b.
project deadline
d.
critical path
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
11. During the ____ phase of the system development process, potential problems and opportunities are identified and considered in light of the goals of the business.
a.
systems implementation
c.
systems design
b.
systems analysis
d.
systems investigation
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
12. Based on _____, managers make decisions regarding the initiation of each system investigation for potential IS projects.
a.
the overall IS plan
c.
the estimated value and priority
b.
the organization’s needs and goals
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
13. ____ is an assessment of whether the hardware, software, and other system components can be acquired or developed to solve the problem.
a.
Economic feasibility
c.
Technical feasibility
b.
Legal feasibility
d.
Schedule feasibility
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
14. The systems steering committee ____.
a.
consists of middle level managers from the IS department
c.
might suggest a change in project focus
b.
never includes end users
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
15. ____ is a measure whether the project can be put into action or operation.
a.
Economic feasibility
c.
Operational feasibility
b.
Legal feasibility
d.
Schedule feasibility
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
16. The primary outcome of the systems analysis phase is ____.
a.
identified sources of data for the new system
c.
data models needed to build the new system
b.
case diagrams to be used in system design
d.
a prioritized list of system requirements
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
17. ____ starts by clarifying the overall goals of the organization and determining how the existing or proposed information system helps meet them.
a.
systems implementation
c.
systems design
b.
systems investigation
d.
systems analysis
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
18. During the _____ phase of the systems development life cycle, people attempt to answer the questions “What must the information system do to solve the problem?”
a.
systems investigation
c.
systems design
b.
systems implementation
d.
systems analysis
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
19. Entity-relationships models are used to perform ____.
a.
activity analysis
c.
problem analysis
b.
process modeling
d.
data modeling
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
20. ______ is a technique used to describe how data can flow between objects.
a.
entity relationship model
c.
application flowchart
b.
data flow diagram
d.
grid chart
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
21. A data flow diagram models ______.
a.
objects
c.
activities
b.
associations
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
22. The system analysis concludes with a formal system analysis report that includes ____.
a.
identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the existing system
c.
organizational requirements for the new system
b.
functional requirements for the new system
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
23. _____ is a collection of system descriptions, parameters, and objectives developed during the analysis phase.
a.
CASE repository
c.
Application flowchart
b.
Data store
d.
Data dictionary
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
24. Data flow diagrams ____.
a.
are used to model data entities and their relationships
c.
are quite complicated and seldom used or understood by nontechnical people
b.
describe the activities that accomplish a business task
d.
all of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
25. Data collection begins by identifying the various sources of data, including both ______ sources.
a.
numeric and alphanumeric
c.
internal and external
b.
classified and non-classified
d.
financial and non-financial
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
COMPLETION
1. ______ are people who, either themselves or through the organization they represent, ultimately benefit from the systems development project.
ANS: Stakeholders
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
2. The translation of strategic and organizational goals into system development initiatives is called ____________________.
ANS: information systems planning
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
3. ______ are factors that are essential to the success of certain functional areas of an organization.
ANS: Critical success factors
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Systems Development
4. During each ____________________ of the prototyping approach, requirements and alternative solutions to the problem are identified and analyzed, new solutions are designed, and a portion of the system is implemented.
ANS: iteration
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development Life Cycles and Approaches
5. The purpose of the ______ phase of the traditional system development process is to ensure that the system operates as intended and to modify the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs.
ANS: systems maintenance and review
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
6. Experienced systems developers prefer a software development approach that will catch errors _____ in the project life cycle.
ANS: early
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
7. A(n) ______ is a professional who specializes in analyzing and designing business systems.
ANS: systems analyst
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development Life Cycles and Approaches
8. The term _______________ development describes any systems development project in which business managers and users assume the primary effort.
ANS: end-user systems
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
9. ____________________ uses pairs of programmers who work together to design, test, and code parts of the system they develop.
ANS: Extreme programming
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
10. The purpose of the ______ phase of the traditional system development process is to answer the questions “How will the information system do what it must do to obtain the solution?”
ANS: system design
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
11. Most mobile devices use a(n) ______ interface.
ANS: touch screen or natural user interface
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
12. A(n) ______ is a critical date for the completion of a major part of the information system project such as program design, coding, or testing.
ANS: project milestone
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
13. ____________________ is the amount of time a project activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project.
ANS: Slack time
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
14. The ____________________ consists of all activities that, if delayed, would delay the entire project.
ANS: critical path
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
15. A formalized approach called _______________ creates three time estimates for each project activity
ANS: program evaluation and review technique (PERT)
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
16. A(n) ____________________ is a graphical tool for planning, monitoring, and coordinating projects.
ANS: Gantt chart
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
17. ____________________ is an approach to systems development that combines the logic of the system development life cycle with the power of the object-oriented modeling and programming.
ANS: Object-oriented systems development
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
18. ______ tools automate many of the tasks required in the systems development effort and encourage adherence to the software development life cycle.
ANS: Computer-aided software engineering or CASE
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
19. Determining the ____________________ determines whether the project makes financial sense and whether predicted benefits offset the cost and time needed to obtain them.
ANS: economic feasibility
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
20. Determining the ____________________ involves an analysis of existing and future laws to determine the likelihood of legal action against the systems development project and possible consequences.
ANS: legal feasibility
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
21. Interviews, direct observation, and questionnaires are tools and techniques used in data ____________________
ANS: collection
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
22. The use case diagram is technique associated with ______ systems analysis.
ANS: object oriented
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
23. With the object oriented systems analysis, a class is used to describe different types of ______.
ANS: objects
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
24. Because the IS plan takes a(n) ______ approach to using information systems within the organization, the requirements for a system analyzed in terms of the IS plan are more likely to be compatible with future systems development initiatives.
ANS: long-ranges
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
25. ____________________ is an approach to requirements analysis that asks users, stakeholders, and other managers what they want and expect from the new or modified system.
ANS: Ask directly
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
ESSAY
1. Identify the five phases of a traditional systems development project and state the goal of each phase.
ANS:
During the systems investigation phase, potential problems and opportunities are identified and considered in light of the goals of the business. The goal is to answer the questions What is the problem, and is it worth solving?” Systems analysis attempts to answer the questions “What must the information system do to solve the problem?” The outcome is a list of requirements and priorities. System design seeks to answer the questions: “How will the information system do what it must do to obtain the problem solution?”The primary result of this phase is a technical design that describes the new system or describes how existing systems will be modified. Systems implementation involves creating or acquiring the various system components detailed in the system design, assembling them, and placing the new or modified system into operation. The system maintenance and review phase ensures that the system operates as intended and to modify the system so that continues to meet changing business needs.
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
2. Briefly describe the prototyping approach to systems development.
ANS:
Prototyping takes an iterative approach to the systems development process. During each iteration, requirements and alternative solutions to the problem are identified and analyzed, new solutions are designed, and a portion of the system is implemented. Users are then encouraged to try the prototype and provide feedback. The system developers then evaluate this feedback and embark on the next iteration.
PTS: 1 REF: System Development Life Cycles and Approaches
3. Identify several factors that affect the success of a systems development effort.
ANS:
A major factor that affects the quality of systems development is the degree of change associated with the project. The greater the degree of change, the greater the risk of failure. The size of the project is another import success factor. Large projects are more likely than small projects to fall behind schedule, go over budget, and not meet expectations. Having top management support, clearly defined corporate goals and system development objectives, and careful change management processes also affect the success of a systems development effort. Good project planning and the use of effective project management tools improve the likelihood of success.
PTS: 1 REF: Factors Affecting Systems Development Success
4. Identify and briefly describe the various types of project feasibility that must be evaluated.
ANS:
Economic feasibility determines whether the project makes financial sense and whether predicted benefits offset the cost and time needed to obtain them. Legal feasibility determines whether laws or regulations can prevent or limit a systems development project. Operational feasibility is a measure of whether the project can be put into action or operation. Schedule feasibility determines whether the project can be completed in a reasonable amount of time.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Investigation
5. State the key question to be answered during systems analysis and list the key steps in the systems analysis process.
ANS:
Systems analysis answers the question What must the information system do to solve the problem? The key steps in the systems analysis process include: gather data on the existing system, determine the requirements for the new system, consider alternatives within these constraints, and investigate the feasibility of solutions.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Analysis
13.rtf
Chapter 13: Systems Development: Design, Implementation, and Review
TRUE/FALSE
1. Logical design involves planning the purpose of each system element, independent of hardware and software considerations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
2. During physical design, the characteristics of the hardware, software, database, telecommunications, personnel, and procedure and control specifications must be detailed.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
3. The logical design specifications that are determined and documented include output, input, process, file and database, telecommunications, procedures, controls and security, and personnel and job requirements.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
4. The most cost-effective time to deal with potential errors is late in the design phase where every possibility should be considered.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
5. Many organizations are turning to object oriented development because of its increased flexibility.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
6. Logical and physical design can be accomplished using either the traditional approach or the object-oriented approach to systems development.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
7. Security is not an important consideration of logical design but comes latter in the system development process.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
8. Designing security controls and procedures into the use of smartphones and other mobile devices can be a challenge for many organizations.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
9. Increasingly, organizations are using virtualization to create a cold site that keeps applications and databases available on a virtual computer that can take over if a disaster renders the main information system inoperable.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
10. The use of virtual servers can help save energy and space.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
11. The system specifications are documented in a design report, which is the primary result of systems investigation.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
12. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system was developed by the U.N. Green Building Council and includes a number of standards for the construction and operation of information systems technology.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
13. In executing the Request for Proposal process to acquire hardware or software, the number of vendors considered is high during the preliminary evaluation and then decreases as more is learned about vendors during the final evaluation.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
14. Designing a good interface for users can improve user satisfaction with the system and lead to improved security.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
15. One of the best approaches to evaluate hardware from different vendors is to rely on each vendor’s published benchmark test results.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
16. When a database fails, failover automatically switches applications and other programs that use the database to a redundant or replicated database so these is no interruption of service.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
17. During the final evaluation, vendors are asked to fully demonstrate their system in as close to actual operating conditions as possible.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
18. Organizations that use the cloud-computing approach for some applications don’t have to worry about acquiring hardware for these applications.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
19. Programming and software acquisition, user preparation, and site and data preparation are all part of the system design process.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
20. An organization may have to hire and train new IS personnel as part of the effort to implement a new information system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
21. Today most software is developed in-house rather than purchased from external developers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
22. In some cases, organizations decide not to install the latest software because the amount of time and money to train employees is too much.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
23. Software programs developed within a company have a greater potential for providing a competitive advantage because competitors cannot easily duplicate them in the short term.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
24. A pilot start-up involves running the new system for one group of users while the rest of the users still run the old system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
25. An advantage of buying off-the-shelf software is that you have an opportunity to assess how well it meets your needs before purchasing it.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
26. Data conversion involves making sure that all files and databases are ready to be used with the new computer software and systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
27. SaaS allows individuals or organizations to access needed software applications over the Internet.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
28. Data preparation may involve the conversion of old data files into a format that can be used by the new system
ANS: T
.
PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
29. During the testing phase, if the system testing is completed successfully, no further testing is needed.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
30. Beta testing involves testing a complete and stable system by end users.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The purpose of system design is to answer the question ____.
a.
“What hardware and software will be required to operate the new system?”
c.
“How much will the new system cost and when can it be operational?”
b.
“What must the information system do to solve the problem?”
d.
“How will the information system solve a problem?”
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
2. In the ______ evaluation technique, a decision-making group is appointed and given the responsibility of making the final evaluation and selection.
a.
cost/benefit analysis
c.
benchmark tests
b.
group consensus
d.
point evaluation
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
3. Environmental design involves systems development efforts that ____.
a.
reduce the power consumption of the new system
c.
result in systems that can be disposed of in a manner that does not negatively affect the environment
b.
requires less physical space
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
4. ____ is an evaluation approach that compares systems operating under the same conditions.
a.
Cost/benefit analysis
c.
Point evaluation system
b.
Benchmark test
d.
Group consensus
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
5. The U.S. government has the tool called ______ to analyze the energy usage of new systems.
a.
Energy Star
c.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design system
b.
Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool
d.
Gantt
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
6. A good contract for new computer equipment should include ____.
a.
a dispute resolution process if something goes wrong
c.
contingency provisions in case something does not work as expected
b.
ownership and property rights of the new or modified system
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
7. An advantage of purchasing of hardware equipment is _____.
a.
the cost of the equipment can be depreciated
c.
no long term financial investment
b.
no risk of obsolescence
d.
all of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
8. A key system design task is____.
a.
develop an RFP
c.
site preparation
b.
user preparation
d.
hardware acquisition
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
9. Virtualization ____.
a.
increases hardware space requirements
c.
introduces important implementation considerations including security and backup procedures
b.
lead to increases in power consumption
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
10. Called “on demand” computing, this approach requires an organization to ____.
a.
pay the service provider periodically as requested by the provider
c.
request the service provider for services well in advance of needing them
b.
use virtual computers
d.
pay only for the computer power it uses, just as it would for a utility such as electricity
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
11. When purchasing used computer-related equipment via Internet auction, companies can ____.
a.
always expect prices to be much lower
c.
obtain product warranties and support
b.
expect a broad range of equipment selection
d.
frequently purchase equipment at a 20% to 30% discount
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
12. The process of physically placing the computer equipment on the site and making it operational is called ____.
a.
site preparation
c.
start-up
b.
user acceptance
d.
installation
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
13. The process of readying managers, decision makers, employees, stakeholders, and others for the new system is called ____.
a.
user preparation
c.
start-up
b.
user acceptance
d.
installation
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
14. The last of the systems implementation tasks is ____.
a.
user acceptance
c.
testing
b.
site preparation
d.
hardware acquisition
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
15. In comparing the pros and cons of developing application software with internal resources versus buying off-the-shelf software, an advantage of off-the-shelf is ____.
a.
the organization can use the software to gain a lasting competitive advantage
c.
the software will match the organization’s needs exactly with no need for customization
b.
the lead time to implement the software is greatly shortened
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
16. An advantage of in-house developed software is ____.
a.
meeting user and organizational requirements without customization
c.
increased flexibility in terms of customization and change
b.
greater potential for providing competitive advantage
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
17. Technical documentation ____.
a.
contains details used by computer operators to execute the program
c.
explains the purpose of every major piece of code
b.
is used by analysts and programmers to solve problems or modify the program
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
18. Site preparation can include this task ____.
a.
the hiring and training of IS personnel
c.
readying users for the new system
b.
installing special wiring and air conditioning
d.
physically placing the computer system on the site and making it operational
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
19. Installation of computer equipment typically involves this action ____.
a.
someone from the customer’s organization oversees the manufacturer as the equipment is installed
c.
the contract should be used to ensure that all equipment is delivered and installed
b.
once the equipment is installed, someone performs several tests to ensure everything is working properly
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
20. The testing of each individual program is called ____.
a.
system testing
c.
acceptance testing
b.
unit
d.
integration testing
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
21. _____ testing involves testing an incomplete or early version of the system
a.
Alpha
c.
Volume testing
b.
Unit
d.
Beta
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
22. In the ____________________ system cutover approach, components of the new system are slowly phased in while components of the old system ware slowly phased out.
a.
pilot start-up
c.
parallel start-up
b.
phase-in
d.
direct conversion
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
23. A legacy system ____.
a.
closely matches the current needs of the organization
c.
requires minimal cost to maintain
b.
is usually easy to modify to add new features
d.
is an old system that may have been patched or modified repeatedly over time
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
24. A ______ is a significant program change that often requires changes in the documentation of the program.
a.
slipstream upgrade
c.
release
b.
patch
d.
upgrade
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
25. A combination of tools needed for programming with a programming language in one integrated package is called ____.
a.
an integrated development environment
c.
CASE
b.
cross-platform development package
d.
an object oriented approach
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Systems implementation
COMPLETION
1. The design of a new system is broken into two phases, ____________________ design and physical design.
ANS: logical
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Design
2. When following the object-oriented design approach, you might want to design the sequence of events for performing some process. The event sequence is also called a(n) ____________________.
ANS: scenario
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
3. With a(n) _____ system, users simply pick what they want to do from a list of alternatives.
ANS: menu-driven
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
4. When users want to know more about a program or feature or what type of response is expected, they can activated the ______ facility.
ANS: help
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
5. ______ is the implementation of the disaster plan.
ANS: Disaster recovery
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
6. A(n) ____________________ requiring identification numbers, passwords, and other safeguards is available with most systems to improve security and unauthorized use.
ANS: sign-on procedure
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
7. ______ are rules and procedures to maintain data security.
ANS: Systems controls
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
8. The purpose of disaster planning is to ensure ______, where the organization’s critical applications, data, and information systems are continuously available.
ANS: business continuity
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
9. A duplicate, operational hardware system that is ready for use is an example of a ____________________.
ANS: hot site
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
10. Files and databases can be protected by making a copy of all files and databases that changed during the last few day, a technique known as ______.
ANS: incremental backup
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
11. _______________ requires a company to produce corporate e-mails, documents, and other important data.
ANS: Electronic discovery or e-Discovery
PTS: 1 REF: System Design
12. ____________________ is an evaluation approach that involves expressing all the costs and benefits of a new system in monetary terms.
ANS: Cost/benefit analysis
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
13. Near the end of the design stage, some organizations prohibit further changes in the design of the system in an approach called ____________________ design specifications.
ANS: freezing
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
14. The U.S. Department of Energy rates products with the ______ to help people select that products that save energy.
ANS: Energy Star
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
15. A(n) ____________________ is an examination that compares computer systems operating under the same conditions.
ANS: benchmark
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
16. The _______________ decision is whether to purchase software from external developers or develop it in house.
ANS: make or buy
PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
17. ____________________ allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered application software by paying a monthly service charge or per-use fee.
ANS: Software as a Service
PTS: 1 REF: Software Implementation
18. The ____________________ software development technique allows programmers to develop programs that can run on computer systems that have different hardware and operating systems.
ANS: cross-platform
PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
19. A(n) ____________________ combines the tools needed for programming with a programming language into one integrated package.
ANS: integrated development environment
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
20. _______________ is documentation that shows how the program can and should be used.
ANS: User documentation
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
21. ____________________ is the process of readying managers, decision makers, employees, other users, and stakeholders for the new system
ANS: User preparation
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
22. The location of the new system needs to be made ready, a process called ____________________.
ANS: site preparation
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
23. One system start-up approach, known as ____________________ involves stopping the old system and starting the new system on a given data.
ANS: direct conversion
PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
24. Acceptance testing involves conducting any additional testing required by the ____________________.
ANS: users
PTS: 1 REF: System Implementation
25. ____________________ involves running the new system for one group of users rather than all users.
ANS: Phase-in approach
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
ESSAY
1. What is meant by environmental design? Provide some examples.
ANS:
Environmental design, involves system development efforts that slash power consumption, require less physical space, and results in systems that can be disposed in a way that doesn’t negatively impact the environment. Today, companies are using innovative ways to design efficient systems and operations, including virtual servers to save energy and space, pushing cold air under data centers to cool equipment, using software to efficiently control cooling fans, building facilities with more insulation, and even collecting rain water from roofs to cool equipment. Companies are designing computers that use less power and are built from recycled materials.
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
2. Briefly describe the use of the point evaluation system process for choosing the best system proposal.
ANS:
This is an evaluation process in which each evaluation factor is assigned a weight, in percentage points, based on importance. Then each proposed system is evaluated in terms of each factor and given a score ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 means that the alternative does not address the feature at all and 100 means that the alternative addresses the feature perfectly. The scores are totaled, and the system with the greatest total score is selected.
PTS: 1 REF: Environmental Design Considerations
3. Identify the key factors to consider when deciding whether to make or buy a new information system. Develop a table that compares the make vs. by decision using these factors.
ANS:
Factor Make Buy
Cost High cost Low cost
Needs Custom software to meet Might not get what you need
your needs
Quality Quality varies Can assess quality before buying
Speed Can take years to develop Can acquire it now
Competitive advantage Can develop advantage Other organizations can have the same
with good software software and same advantage
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
4. Identify and briefly describe two types of documentation prepared for use with internally developed software.
ANS:
With internally developed software, documentation is always important. Technical documentation is written details used by computer operators to execute the program and by analysts and programmers to solve problems or modify the program. In technical documentation, the purpose of every major piece of computer code is written out and explained. Key variables are also described. User documentation is developed for the people who use the program. This type of documentation shows how the program can and should be used, in easy to understand language. Incorporating a description of the benefits of the new application into user documentation can help stakeholders understand the reasons for the program and can speed user acceptance.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
5. Briefly explain the difference between integration testing and acceptance testing.
ANS:
Integration testing ensures that the new programs can interact with other major applications. It also ensures that data flows efficiently and without error to other applications. Acceptance testing makes sure that the new or modified system is operating as intended. Run times, the amount of memory required, disk access methods, and more can be tested during this phase. Acceptance testing ensures that all performance objectives defined for the system are satisfied. Involving users in acceptance testing can help them understand and effectively interact with the new system. Acceptance testing is the final check of the system before start-up.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Implementation
14.rtf
Chapter 14: The Personal and Social Impact of Computers
TRUE/FALSE
1. Many computer crimes go unreported because companies do not want bad publicity or don’t think that law enforcement can help.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
2. Just over 300,000 crimes were reported to the Internet Crime Computer Center in 2010 and this represents the majority of computer-related crimes.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
3. Personal computers, mapping and analysis software, crime-related data, powerful analysis techniques, and geographic information systems have helped law enforcement to better understand and even diminish crime.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
4. A number of federal laws prohibit individuals from engaging in online gambling.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
5. The Department of Homeland Security Department’s Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate serves as a focal point for threat assessment, warning, investigation, and response to cyberterrorism attacks against the country’s critical infrastructure.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Commit Crime
6. Incidents of child identity theft are reported to the Federal Trade Commission.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Commit Crime
7. The FBI’s Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide encourages agents to consider dumpster diving as a technique to gain information.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Commit Crime
8. The public is not able to gain online access to information about registered sex offenders online because of various privacy laws.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
9. A computer hacker is someone who intimidates or coerces a government or organization to advance his or her political or social objectives by launching computer-based attacks against, computers, networks, and the information stored on them.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
10. A script bunny is a young, female computer hacker.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
11. A virus can send copies of itself via a network.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
12. Smartphones such as the iPhone and Google’s Android phone that can run applications are impervious to malware.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
13. Patent laws protect processes, machines, and compositions of matter.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
14. It is estimated that the global software piracy rate was about 42% and amounted to about $95 billion in lost sales.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
15. To obtain a patent or to determine if a patent exists in an area a company seeks to exploit requires a search by the U.S. Patent Office; these can last longer than 25 months.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
16. Phishing has become such a serious problem that several companies have formed the Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance group to provide improved e-mail security and protection from phishing.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
17. Role-based system access means that only people who fill or used to fill a certain role can access a specific system.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
18. The combining of duties is a key concept of good internal controls.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
19. Few small and medium sized organizations are willing to outsource their network security operations.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
20. Tracking software sends messages via a wireless network to the specified e-mail address, pinpointing its location and including a picture of the thief (for those computers with an integrated Web cam).
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
21. To protect your PC and prevent it from spreading malware to your co-workers, some antivirus software scans and cleans both incoming and outgoing e-mail messages.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
22. Multinational companies face an extremely difficult challenge in implementing data collection and dissemination processes and policies because of the multitude of differing country and regional statutes.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
23. The use of e-mail among public officials might violate “open meeting” laws.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
24. Federal law prohibits private employers from monitoring e-mail sent or received by their employees.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
25. Posting information to the Internet using anonymous e-mail accounts or screen names makes it impossible to identify the poster.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
26. A job that requires sitting at a desk and using a computer for many hours a day triple the risk of seated immobility thromboembolism (SIT), the formation of blood clots in the legs or lungs.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
27. Two primary causes of computer-related health problems are a poorly designed work environment and failure to take regular breaks to stretch the muscles and rest the eyes.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
28. Prolonged computer use under poor working conditions can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis, headaches, and permanent eye damage.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
29. If an activity is defined as legal then it is ethical.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Ethical Issues in Information Systems
30. The Hippocratic Oath is an example of a code of ethics.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Ethical Issues in Information Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A good example of a useful policy to minimize waste and mistake is ____.
a.
avoid tight control over critical tables
c.
users should implement proper procedures to ensure correct input data
b.
system report titles should be as brief as possible and simply indicate the report number
d.
all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Waste and Mistakes
2. According to the Internet Crime Computer Center, the two most common online crimes reported included _____.
a.
phishing to steal individuals’ banking logon’s and passwords and planting keystroke capturing software on individuals’ computers
c.
hacking into individuals’ email accounts and the planting of password sniffers in corporate networks
b.
nondelivery of merchandise or payments and scams involving people posing as FBI agents
d.
planting of viruses in corporate networks and the defacing of corporate and government Websites
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
3. The federal agency to which identity theft complaints are made is the ______.
a.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
c.
Securities and Exchange Commission
b.
Federal Trade Commission
d.
Department of Justice
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
4. The Internet Crime Computer Center is an alliance between the White Collar Crime Center and the ______.
a.
Department of Homeland Security
c.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
b.
Department of Justice
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
5. The Leads Online Web-based service system is used by law enforcement to ____.
a.
monitor sex offenders
c.
recover stolen property
b.
provide a quick overview of crime risk at a given address
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
6. The ______ Web-based service system is one of several information systems used by law enforcement to recover stolen property.
a.
LeadsOnline
c.
Watch Systems
b.
JusticeXchange
d.
Crimecast
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
7. A(n) ____ is a computer savvy person who attempts to gain unauthorized or illegal access to computer systems to steal passwords, corrupt files or programs, or even transfer money.
a.
hacker
c.
cracker
b.
insider
d.
script bunny
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
8. ____________________ have extra knowledge that make them especially dangerous - they know logon ids, passwords, and company procedures that help them evade detection.
a.
crackers
c.
insiders
b.
hackers
d.
script bunnies
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
9. ______ is a small program hidden in a network or computer system that records identification numbers and passwords.
a.
Logic bomb
c.
Trojan horse
b.
Password sniffer
d.
Rootkit
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
10. ____________________ is a type of malware that executes when specific conditions occur.
a.
Virus
c.
Logic bomb
b.
Worm
d.
Trojan horse
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
11. ______ refers to the use of any of several technologies to enforce policies for controlling access to digital media.
a.
Copyright protection
c.
Software piracy
b.
Encryption
d.
Digital rights management
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
12. The penalty for software piracy can be severe, as much as ______ for each program copied.
a.
$50,000
c.
$150,000
b.
$100,000
d.
$200,000
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
13. ____________________ is a set of programs that enables its user to gain administrator level access to a computer or network.
a.
Virus
c.
Rootkit
b.
Trojan horse
d.
Worm
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
14. A type of malware that executes when specific conditions occur.
a.
rootkit
c.
Trojan horse
b.
logic bomb
d.
password sniffer
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
15. If a court determines that a patent infringement is intentional, it can award up to _____ to the patent holder.
a.
$10 million
c.
three times the amount of damages claimed by the patent holder
b.
$250,000 per infringement
d.
$100,000 per infringement
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
16. The practice of disguising illegally gained funds so that they seem legal is called ____.
a.
identity theft
c.
spoofing
b.
vishing
d.
money laundering
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
17. Both SOPA and PIPA are two bills proposed by congress that aim to __________________.
a.
clamp down on money laundering
c.
provide effective rules to prevent and punish patent infringement
b.
stop online piracy and protect copyright holders
d.
make it a federal offense to plant a virus on government computers
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
18. A useful guideline to protect corporate computers from criminal hackers is to ____.
a.
Install antivirus software on all computers
c.
Remove any firewall that may have been installed between your corporate network and the Internet
b.
Avoid creating frequent backups of critical data
d.
Enable several guest accounts
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
19. Proper use of antivirus software requires that it is ____.
a.
used to scan all removable storage media before copying or running programs from them
c.
run at least once per week
b.
updated each month
d.
all of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
20. Legislation that requires businesses to prove that they are securing their data ____.
a.
HIPPA
c.
USA Patriot Act
b.
Sarbanes-Oxley
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
21. Federal law ______.
a.
permits employers to monitor instant messages sent and received by employees.
c.
encourages the use of e-mail among public officials by excluding such messages from the “open meeting” laws
b.
prohibits the implantation of RFID chips
d.
prohibit the selling of customer data gathered on the Internet to other organizations
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
22. ____ of U.S. employers monitor their employees Web surfing activities.
a.
Less that 20%
c.
Over 50%
b.
About 25%
d.
Almost 75%
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
23. ____ involves publishing an intentionally false written statement that is damaging to a person’s or an organization’s reputation.
a.
Blogging
c.
Libel
b.
Slander
d.
Unfriending
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
24. The Privacy Act of 1974 ____.
a.
deals with the protection of communications while in transit from sender to receiver
c.
requires all financial institutions to protect and secure customers’ nonpublic data from unauthorized use or access
b.
applies only to certain federal agencies
d.
all of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
25. The ____ prohibits the government from intercepting electronic messages unless it obtains a court order based on probable cause.
a.
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
c.
Freedom of Information Act
b.
Electronic Communications Privacy Act
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
26. The ____ requires telephone companies to turn over customer information, including numbers called, without a court order if the FBI claims that the records are relevant to a terrorism investigation.
a.
Privacy Act of 1974
c.
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
b.
Electronic Communications Privacy Act
d.
USA Patriot Act
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
27. The ____ required all financial service institutions to communicate their data privacy rules and honor customer preferences on sharing of data.
a.
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
c.
USA Patriot Act
b.
Freedom of Information Act
d.
none of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
28. A job that requires sitting at a desk and using a computer all day can lead to ____.
a.
the formation of blood clots in the legs or lungs
c.
greater risk of type 2 diabetes
b.
an undesirable weight gain
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
29. ____ is an aggravation of the pathway for the nerves that travel through the wrist.
a.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
c.
Chronic idiopathic mylofibrosis
b.
Seated immobility thromboembolism
d.
none of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
30. Computer users who work at their machines for several hours a day, should ____.
a.
consider the use of artificial tears
c.
take a break by playing solitaire every couple hours
b.
consider the use of older, but more human friendly CRT monitors
d.
avoid blinking
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
COMPLETION
1. ____________________ is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personal identification information to impersonate someone else.
ANS: Identity theft
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
2.
Frequently, a computer password has been talked out of a person, a practice called ______.
ANS: social engineering
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
3. _________________ is any premediated, politically motivated attack against information , computer systems, computer programs, and data which results in violence against non-combatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents.
ANS: Cyberterrorism
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Crime
4. It is ______ for banks and other financial institutions to facilitate the transfer of funds to online casinos.
ANS: against federal law or illegal
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Commit Crime
5. CAP Index Inc.’s CRIMECAST Reports provide a quick and thorough overview of the ______ at any given location in the U.S., Canada, and the U.K.
ANS: crime risk
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Fight Crime
6. In a ______ attack, the victim is sent a message to call to verify account information.
ANS: vishing
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
7. Inexperienced hackers can download programs called ______ that automate the job of breaking into computers.
ANS: scripts
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
8. Another word for computer viruses and worms is ____________________.
ANS: malware
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
9. Software is considered intellectual property and may be protected by copyright or ____________________ law.
ANS: patent
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
10. ____________________ is software installed on a personal computer to intercept or take partial control over the user’s interaction with the computer without knowledge or permission of the user.
ANS: Spyware
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
11. ____________________ is the operation of a fake Web site by someone trying to gain access to customer’s private information.
ANS: Phishing
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
12. The ____________________ card causes phones to display a caller ID number specified by the caller rather than the actual number of the caller.
ANS: Spoof
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as the Object of Crime
13. ______ is the careful division of the tasks and responsibilities associated with a key process so that they must be performed by more than one person to prevent collusion.
ANS: Separation of duties
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
14. Specialized hardware and software, such as ____________________ devices, can be used to encode data and information to help prevent unauthorized use.
ANS: encryption
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
15. A(n) ____________________ system monitors system and network resources and notifies network security personnel when it senses a possible intrusion.
ANS: intrusion detection
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
16. Many organizations use ____________________ software to provide a comprehensive display on a single computer screen of all the vital data related to an organizations’ security defenses.
ANS: security dashboard
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
17. A(n) ____________________ is a person paid by a company about how much they’ve earned and how easy the get-rich-quick plan was to operate.
ANS: shill
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
18. A libeled party can file what is known as a ____________________ lawsuit to force the ISP to provide whatever information they have about an anonymous poster.
ANS: John Doe
PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
19. The ______ is directed at Web sites catering to children and requires Web site owners to obtain parental consent before they collect any personal information from children under 13 years old.
ANS: Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act or COPPA
PTS: 1 REF: Privacy Issues
20. The hazardous activities associated with unfavorable working conditions are collectively referred to as ____________________.
ANS: work stressors
PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
21. The science of designing machines, products, and systems to maximize the safety, comfort, and efficiency of the people who use them is called ____________________.
ANS: ergonomics
PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
22. When working at a workstation, the ____________________ of the monitor should be at or just below eye level.
ANS: top
PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
23. Practitioners in many professions subscribe to a ______ that states the principles and core values that are essential to their work, and, therefore, govern their behavior.
ANS: code of ethics
PTS: 1 REF: Ethical Issues in Information Systems
24. ____________________ issues deal with what is generally considered right or wrong.
ANS: Ethical
PTS: 1 REF: Ethical Issues in Information Systems
25. Just because an act is defined as legal does not mean that it is ____________________.
ANS: ethical
PTS: 1 REF: Ethical Issues in Information Systems
ESSAY
1. Outline several useful policies to minimize computer-related waste and mistakes.
ANS:
Changes to critical tables, HTML, and URLs should be tightly controlled, with all changes documented and authorized by responsible owners. A user manual should be available covering operating procedures and documenting the management and control of the application. Each system report should indicate its general content in its title and specify the time period covered. The system should have controls to prevent invalid and unreasonable data entry. Controls should exist to ensure that data input, HTML, and URLs are valid, applicable, and posted in the right time frame. Users should implement proper procedures to ensure correct input data.
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Waste and Mistakes
2. Define the term identity theft and briefly describe how identity theft criminals use an individual’s personal information.
ANS:
Identity theft is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personal identification information, such as Social Security or driver’s license numbers, to impersonate someone else. The information is then used to obtain credit, merchandise, and/or services in the name of the victim or to provide the thief with false credentials.
PTS: 1 REF: The Computer as a Tool to Commit Crime
3. Briefly describe the purpose of a security dashboard.
ANS:
Many organizations use security dashboard software to provide a comprehensive display on a single computer screen of all the vital data related to an organization’s security defenses, including threats, exposures, policy compliance, and incident alerts. The goal is to reduce the effort required for monitoring and to identify threats earlier. Data comes from a variety of sources, including firewalls, applications, servers, and other software and hardware devices
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
4. List at least three useful guidelines to protect computer users from criminal hackers.
ANS:
· Install strong user authentication and encryption capabilities on your firewall.
· Install the latest security patches, which are often available at the vendor’s Internet site.
· Disable guest accounts and null user accounts that let intruders access the network without a password.
· Do not provide overfriendly logon procedures for remote users (e.g., an organization that used the word welcome on their initial logon screen found they had difficulty prosecuting a criminal hacker).
· Restrict physical access to the server and configure it so that breaking into one server won’t compromise the whole network.
· Dedicate a server to each application (e-mail, File Transfer Protocol, and domain name server).
· Turn audit trails on.
· Consider installing caller ID.
· Install a corporate firewall between your corporate network and the Internet.
· Install antivirus software on all computers and regularly download vendor updates.
· Conduct regular IS security audits.
· Verify and exercise frequent data backups for critical data.
PTS: 1 REF: Preventing Computer-Related Crime
5. Identify and briefly discuss the two primary computer health-related problems.
ANS:
Two primary causes of computer-related health problems are a poorly designed work environment and failure to take regular breaks to stretch the muscles and rest the eyes. The computer screen can be hard to read because of glare and poor contrast. Desks and chairs can also be uncomfortable. Keyboards and computer screens might be fixed in place or difficult to move. The hazardous activities associated with these unfavorable conditions are collectively referred to as work stressors. Although these problems might not be of major concern to casual users of computer systems, continued stressors such as repetitive motion, awkward posture, and eye strain can cause more serious and long-term injuries. If nothing else, these problems can severely limit productivity and performance.
PTS: 1 REF: The Work Environment
1.rtf
Chapter 01: An Introduction to Information Systems
TRUE/FALSE
1. The use of information systems is practical in only a limited number of professions.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
2. Information is simply a collection of raw facts such as an employee number or the total hours worked in a week.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
3. Some countries try to censor or control what information is available to their citizens, especially through the Internet and social media.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
4. Information and data are essentially the same thing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
5. Using a computer to forecast future sales and order more inventory before a shortage can occur is an example of information system feedback.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
6. A CBIS is a single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
7. The technology infrastructure is a set of shared IS resources that form the foundation of each computer-based information system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
8. Increasingly, companies are incorporating computer-based information systems into their products and services.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
9. Today’s more advanced processor chips have the power of 1990s-era supercomputers.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
10. Teraflops is a measure of computer processing speed.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
11. Application software such as Microsoft Windows controls basic computer operations, including start-up and printing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
12. Software is needed for computers of all sizes from cell phones and small hand held devices to the largest supercomputers.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
13. Information about the documents on the Web and access to these documents are controlled and provided by tens of thousands of special computers called Web servers.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
14. The World Wide Web is a network of links on the Internet to documents containing text, graphics, video, and sound.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
15. An intranet is a network based on Web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s extranet.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
16. Transaction processing systems were developed in the 1950s.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
17. C2C stands for computer-to-computer e-commerce.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
18. Mobile commerce is the use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
19. While technologically advanced, unfortunately, e-commerce offers few advantages for streamlining work activities.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
20. Electronic business goes beyond e-commerce and e-procurement by using information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
21. A DSS can include a collection of models to support a decision maker, a collection of facts, and procedures that help decision makers to interact with the DSS.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
22. An MIS typically provides standard reports generated with data and information from a TPS or ERP system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
23. A decision support system is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
24. Some successful stock, options, and futures traders use expert systems to spot trends and improve the profitability of their investments.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
25. Neural networks give the computer the ability to make suggestions and function like an expert in a particular field, helping enhance the performance of a novice users.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
26. The unique value of learning systems is that they allow organizations to capture and use the wisdom of experts and specialists.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
27. Augmented reality is a new form of virtual reality that enables a user to become fully immersed in an artificial, computer-generated 3D world.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
28. Outsourcing is the hiring of an overseas company to perform some or all of a systems development project.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
29. Systems analysis defines the problems and opportunities of the existing system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
30. Organizations cannot fire employees who criticize their employer on Facebook or other social networks because of the First Amendment which guarantees freedom of expression.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Information Systems in Society, Business, and Industry
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. _____ is an important component of every information system that helps organizations to achieve their goals.
a.
Hardware
c.
Feedback mechanism
b.
Software
d.
Data
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
2. The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires ______
a.
an information system.
c.
knowledge
b.
intelligence
d.
intuition
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
3. ______ are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge and are usually professionals in science, engineering, business, and other areas.
a.
Systems analysts
c.
Chief Information Officer
b.
Knowledge workers
d.
End user
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
4. Data that can be used for a variety of purposes is said to be ______.
a.
flexible
c.
relevant
b.
economical
d.
verifiable
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
5. The value of information is directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve their organization’s _____.
a.
profits
c.
cost reduction initiatives
b.
goals
d.
quality improvement measures
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
6. ______ is a measure of the extent to which a system achieves its goals.
a.
Efficiency
c.
Performance rate
b.
Reliability
d.
Effectiveness
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
7. In information systems, _____ is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
a.
forecasting
c.
output
b.
feedback
d.
processing
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
8. _____ consists of computer equipment used to perform input, processing, and output activities.
a.
Information technology
c.
Telecommunications
b.
Technology infrastructure
d.
Hardware
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
9. Keyboards, automatic scanning devices, and equipment that can read magnetic ink characters are examples of _____ hardware.
a.
storage
c.
output
b.
processing
d.
input
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
10. _____ consists of computer programs that govern the operation of the computer.
a.
Hardware
c.
Applications
b.
Software
d.
Telecommunications
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
11. _____ connect computers and equipment in a building, around the country, or around the world to enable electronic communications.
a.
Telecommunications
c.
Networks
b.
Telecommuting
d.
Databases
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
12. An _____ is a network based on Web technologies that allows only selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet.
a.
Internet
c.
Web 2.0
b.
blog
d.
extranet
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
13. _____ is (are) considered to be the most important element in a computer-based information system.
a.
Hardware
c.
Procedures
b.
Software
d.
People
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
14. A common type of information system used in business organizations are those designed for _____
a.
electronic and mobile commerce
c.
decision support
b.
transaction processing
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
15. _____ involves using information systems and the Internet to acquire parts and supplies.
a.
e-commerce
c.
mobile commerce
b.
e-business
d.
e-procurement
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
16. The earliest type of business information system developed in the 1950s was the _____.
a.
transaction processing system
c.
decision support system
b.
enterprise resource planning system
d.
e-commerce system
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
17. An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to perform and record business transactions.
a.
decision support system
c.
business intelligence system
b.
management information system
d.
transaction processing system
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
18. A set of integrated programs that manages vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization.
a.
transaction processing system
c.
enterprise resource planning system
b.
e-commerce system
d.
decision support system
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
19. A(n) _____ is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that support problem-specific decision making.
a.
TPS
c.
DSS
b.
MIS
d.
Virtual reality system
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
20. The ______ is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience.
a.
artificial intelligence system
c.
virtual reality
b.
expert system
d.
knowledge management system
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
21. _____ is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to recognize and act on patterns or trends.
a.
Vision systems
c.
Robotic systems
b.
Neural networks
d.
Natural language processing
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
22. Hiring an outside company to perform some or all of a systems development project is called _____
a.
virtual reality
c.
systems investigation
b.
offshoring
d.
outsourcing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
23. The goal of the _____ phase of systems development is to gain a clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed.
a.
systems analysis
c.
systems design
b.
systems investigation
d.
systems implementation
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
24. The _______ phase of systems development defines the problems and opportunities of the existing systems.
a.
systems investigation
c.
design
b.
analysis
d.
maintenance
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
25. According to Thomas Friedman in his book The World is Flat, we have progressed from the globalization of countries to the globalization of multinational corporations to the globalization of ______.
a.
information systems
c.
products and services
b.
technology
d.
individuals
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Global Challenges in Information Systems
COMPLETION
1. _____ is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways the information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
ANS: Knowledge
PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
2. In information systems, the activity of gathering and capturing raw data is called _____.
ANS: input
PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
3. Predicting future events to avoid problems is called _____.
ANS: forecasting
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
4. ____________ is information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
ANS: Feedback
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
5. Computerized ______ are being placed in vehicles to record vehicle speed, possible engine problems, driver performance, and more.
ANS: event data recorders
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
6. Although most software can be installed from CDs, many of today’s software packages can be downloaded through the _____.
ANS: Internet
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
7. An approach to work called _____ that enables people to work from home or while traveling.
ANS: telecommuting
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
8. The _____ is the world’s largest computer network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information.
ANS: Internet
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
9. _____ allows people to get the information they need from the Internet instead of from desktop or corporate computers.
ANS: Cloud computing
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
10. The _____ is a network of links on the Internet to documents containing text, graphics, video, and sound.
ANS: World Wide Web or Web
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
11. The technology used to create the Internet is also being applied within companies and organizations to create _____, which allow people in an organization to exchange information and work on projects.
ANS: intranets
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
12. _____ include the strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using the CBIS.
ANS: Procedures
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
13. _____ involves any business transactions executed electronically between companies.
ANS: E-commerce
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
14. The use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business is called ____________
ANS: mobile commerce, m-commerce
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
15. An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions is called a(n) _____.
ANS: transaction processing system
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
16. A(n) _____ is a set of integrated programs that manages the vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization.
ANS: Enterprise resource planning system
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
17. A(n) ____________ is an organized collection of people, processes, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.
ANS: management information system
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
18. A system to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience is called a(n) _____.
ANS: knowledge management system
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
19. ____________ is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to recognize and act on patterns or trends.
ANS: Neural network
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
20. The collection of rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed by an expert system to achieve the proper outcome is contained in the expert system’s _____.
ANS: knowledge base
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
21. ____________, a newer form of virtual reality, has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos or images.
ANS: Augmented reality
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
22. ____________ is the activity of creating or modifying information systems.
ANS: Systems development
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
23. During the ____________ phase of the systems development process the project team determines how the new system should be developed to meet the business needs defined during systems analysis.
ANS: design
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
24. The ____________ phase of systems development includes purchasing software, hardware, databases, and other IS components.
ANS: systems implementation
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Development
25. ____________ is the knowledge of how data and information are used by individuals, groups, and organizations.
ANS: Information systems literacy
PTS: 1 REF: Information Systems in Society, Business, and Industry
ESSAY
1. Briefly distinguish between data, information, and knowledge.
ANS:
Data consists of raw facts, such as employee number or total hours worked in a week. Information is a collection of facts organized and processed so that they have additional value beyond the value of individual facts. Turning data into information is a process, a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome. The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires knowledge. Knowledge is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
PTS: 1 REF: Information Concepts
2. Define the term information system and briefly identify its fundamental components.
ANS:
An information system is a set of interrelated elements or components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and provide for a corrective reaction to meet an objective. The fundamental components include input, processing, output, and feedback. Input is the activity of gathering and capturing raw data. Processing involves converting data into useful output. It can be done manually or by using a computer. Output involves producing useful information, often in the form of documents and reports. Feedback is information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Concepts
3. Distinguish between the Internet and the Web.
ANS:
The Internet is the world’s largest network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information. People use the Internet to research information, buy and sell products and services, make travel arrangements, conduct banking, download music and videos, read books, and listen to radio programs, among other activities. The Web is one of many services available over the Internet. It is a network of links on the Internet to documents containing text, graphics, video, and sound. Information about the documents and access to them are controlled and provided by tens of thousands of special computers called Web servers.
PTS: 1 REF: System Concepts
4. Distinguish between an MIS and DSS.
ANS:
An MIS provides routine information to managers and decision makers. The first MIS systems were developed in the 1960s and provide standard reports generated with data and information from a TPS or ERP system. DSS systems were first developed in the 1980s and used to support problem-specific decision making. The DSS employs a collection of models to support the decision maker, a collection of facts, and systems and procedures that help users interact with it.
PTS: 1 REF: Business Information Systems
5. Identify and briefly discuss the three eras of globalization according to Thomas Friedman.
ANS:
We have progressed from the globalization of multinational countries (Globalization 1.0) to the globalizations of corporations (Globalization 2.0) and individuals (Globalization 3.0). Today, people in remote areas can use the Internet to compete with and contribute to other people, the largest corporations, and entire countries. These workers are empowered by high-speed Internet access, making the world flatter. In the Globalization 3.0 era, designing a new airplane or computer can be separated into smaller subtasks and then completed by a person or small group that can do the best job. These workers can be located in India, China, Russia, and other areas of the world. The subtasks can then be combined or reassembled into the complete design. This approach can be used to prepare tax returns, diagnose a patient’s medical condition, fix a broken computer, and many other tasks.
PTS: 1 REF: Global Challenges in Information Systems
2.rtf
Chapter 02: Information Systems in Organizations
TRUE/FALSE
1. While information systems were once used primarily to automate manual processes, they have transformed the nature of work and the shape of organizations themselves.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Why Learn about Information Systems in Organizations?
2. An organization is a system, which means that it has inputs, processing, outputs, and feedback.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
3. An organization’s structure is independent of its goals and approach to management.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
4. Organizational culture consists of the major understandings and assumptions for a business or other organization.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
5. Reengineering and continuous improvement mean the same thing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
6. Just-in-time inventory is likely to lead to increased inventory costs and lower customer satisfaction.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
7. Sustaining change almost always harms an organization while disruptive change almost always help an organization.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
8. The idea of a value chain is not significant to organizations that do not manufacture products.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
9. The contemporary view of the role of information systems is that they are so intimately involved that they are part of the process itself.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
10. Disruptive change often results in new, successful companies and offers consumers the potential of new products and services at reduced costs and superior performance.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
11. The degree to which an organization supports its use is not an important factor that can lead to better attitudes about an information system.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
12. Studies have shown that user satisfaction and technology acceptance are not particularly significant in healthcare as professional in this industry are quick to learn and accept new technology.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
13. An organization can have a high level of infusion in one part of its operations and a low level of diffusion overall.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
14. If an organization has a high level of both diffusion and infusion, with computers throughout the organization, information systems are being used to their full potential.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
15. One organization can spend less than another on information systems but still get better value.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
16. According to Porter’s five-forces model, the more these forces combine in any instance, the less likely firms will seek competitive advantage and the less dramatic the results of such an advantage will be.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
17. Few organizations believe it necessary to align IS goals and organizational goals to achieve a competitive advantage.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
18. When the threat of new market entrants is high, the desire to seek and maintain competitive advantage to dissuade new entrants is also usually high.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
19. Today, companies are shifting from strategic management to performance-based management of their information systems and carefully consider both strategic advantage and costs.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
20. Improved productivity can result in faster customer response, lower costs, and increased customer satisfaction.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
21. A small business that generates an additional profit of $25,000 for the year as a result of an investment of $100,000 in information systems would have a return on investment of 4 to 1.
ANS: F PTS: 2 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
22. ROI calculations can be complex, including investment returns over multiple years and the impact of the time value of money.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
23. Information systems can help bring new products and services in less time thus reducing time to market.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
24. Because of the difficulty in determining all the costs, total cost of ownership is seldom used to plan for and maximize the value of IS investments.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
25. Non-technical skills such as communications skills and knowledge of the organization are not important to IS personnel.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
26. Opportunities in information systems are available to people from foreign countries, including Russia and India.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
27. The role of a systems analyst is narrowly defined and seldom involves communications with others.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
28. The systems development organization focuses solely on the development of new information systems and seldom becomes involved in maintenance and review of information systems.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
29. A specialized support group often sets guidelines and standards for the rest of the organization to follow in making IS purchases.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
30. The IS support organization is a multi-faceted group providing user assistance in hardware and software acquisition and use, data administration, user training and assistance, and software development.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ability of an organization to achieve its goals is often a function of the organization’s _____
a.
overall structure
c.
ability to change
b.
culture
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
2. The value chain of an organization does NOT include this activity _____
a.
inbound logistics
c.
marketing and sales
b.
finance and accounting
d.
customer service
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
3. The idea of ________ is to constantly seek ways to improve business processes and add value to products and services.
a.
reengineering
c.
disruptive change
b.
process redesign
d.
continuous improvement
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
4. _____ helps determine what supplies are required for the value chain, what quantities are needed to meet customer demand, how the supplies should be manufactured into finished goods and services, and how the shipment of supplies and products to customers should be scheduled, monitored, and controlled.
a.
customer relationship management
c.
demand planning
b.
inventory management
d.
supply chain management
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
5. Customer relationship management programs help companies manage _____
a.
programs to retain loyal customers
c.
marketing and advertising
b.
finished product inventory
d.
a. and c.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
6. User satisfaction with a computer system and the information it generates often depend on the _____
a.
cost of the system
c.
whether it was outsourced or not
b.
quality of the system
d.
the hardware that comes with it
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
7. ________ change is a form of change that can completely transform an industry or create new ones, which can harm an organization’s performance or even put it out of business.
a.
culture
c.
disruptive
b.
organizational
d.
sustaining
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
8. _____ involves reducing the number of employees to cut costs.
a.
Outsourcing
c.
On demand computing
b.
Offshoring
d.
Downsizing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
9. _____ is a measure of how widely technology is spread throughout an organization.
a.
Technology infusion
c.
Technology diffusion
b.
Technology acceptance
d.
Technology adoption
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
10. The extent to which technology permeates an area or department is called _____
a.
technology deployment
c.
technology adoption
b.
technology diffusion
d.
technology infusion
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
11. The ________ organizational structure empowers employees at lower levels to make decisions and solve problems without needing permission from midlevel managers.
a.
virtual
c.
flat
b.
traditional
d.
project management team
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
12. Which one the following was NOT one of five forces identified in Michael Porter’s competitive forces model _____
a.
the rivalry among existing competitors
c.
the threat of substitute products and services
b.
the threat of new entrants
d.
the threat of new information systems
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
13. Which of the following statements is true about the characteristics of a highly competitive industry _____
a.
they have low fixed costs for entering or leaving the industry
c.
there are few competitors
b.
there are high degrees of product differentiation
d.
there tend to be more firms seeking competitive advantage
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
14. Introducing new products and services frequently is part of a(n) _____ competitive advantage strategy
a.
differentiation
c.
altering the industry
b.
creating new products and services
d.
improving existing product lines and services
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
15. If an industry has low entry and exit costs and the technology needed to start and maintain a business is commonly available, this creates ________.
a.
a threat of new entrants
c.
increased bargaining power of customers and suppliers
b.
a threat of substitute products and services
d.
all of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
16. _____ is a competitive advantage strategy that Walmart and other retailers have followed for years and focuses on becoming more efficient and reducing costs.
a.
Differentiation
c.
Creating new products and services
b.
Niche strategy
d.
Cost leadership
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
17. Porsche is an example of a company with a _____ strategy for gaining competitive advantage, producing only high-performance sports cars and SUVs.
a.
differentiation
c.
cost leadership
b.
niche
d.
altering the industry
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
18. In the restaurant industry, competition is fierce primarily because _____
a.
entry costs are low
c.
the bargaining power of suppliers
b.
the bargaining power of buyers
d.
the rapid deployment of IS solutions
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
19. In the initial phase in their use of information systems, organizations focused on _____
a.
using information systems to reduce costs and improve productivity
c.
both reducing costs and gaining competitive advantage
b.
gaining competitive advantage
d.
using the most current technology available
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
20. Which of these is NOT a measure of performance used to evaluate the contribution of information systems to the business?
a.
return on investment
c.
net present value
b.
productivity
d.
none of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
21. _____ investigates the additional profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in IS technology.
a.
Net present value
c.
Earnings growth
b.
Return on investment
d.
Market share
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
22. Total cost of ownership includes these costs
a.
cost to acquire an item
c.
end-user costs
b.
technical support costs
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
23. A visa program that enables skilled employees from foreign lands into the United States.
a.
L-1B
c.
4F
b.
H-1B
d.
all of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
24. _____ are responsible for scheduling, hardware maintenance, and preparing input and output.
a.
Data-entry operators
c.
Web operators
b.
System operators
d.
Local area network operators
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
25. Data entry personnel would be found primarily in the _____ organization of the IS group.
a.
systems development
c.
support
b.
operations
d.
information center
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
COMPLETION
1. A(n) _____ is a formal collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals.
ANS: organization
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
2. Delivering products and services to customers is the end of most organization’s ________.
ANS: supply chain
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
3. Combining a value chain with _____ inventory means companies can deliver materials or parts when they are needed.
ANS: just in time
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
4. A strength of the use of ________ teams is that it helps ensure the participation of the best available people to solve important organizational problems.
ANS: virtual
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
5. _____ is a set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group, such as within an ethic group or country.
ANS: Culture
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
6. Through adding ________ or worth, organizations attempt to increase performance and achieve their goals.
ANS: value
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
7. Organizational _____ deals with how organizations plan for, implement, and handle change.
ANS: change
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
8. The _____ model specifies the factors that can lead to better attitudes about the information system, along with higher acceptance and usage of the system in an organization.
ANS: technology acceptance
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
9. The design department of an architectural firm that uses computers in all aspects of its design work would be said to have a high level of _____.
ANS: infusion
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
10. ________ means the ability of a product or a service to meet or exceed customer expectations.
ANS: quality
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
11. In the transformation mechanism of organizational system, subsystems contain ________ that help turn inputs into goods or services of increased value.
ANS: processed
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
12. A(n) _____ is a significant and (ideally) long-term benefit to a company over its competition.
ANS: competitive advantage
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
13. To be competitive, an organization must also _____ its IS strategy with general business strategies and objectives.
ANS: align
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
14. The _____ strategy for competitive advantage involves producing a variety of products, giving customers more choices, or delivering higher quality products and services.
ANS: differentiation
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
15. Porter’s _____ model is a widely accepted model that identifies the key factors that can lead to attainment of competitive advantage.
ANS: five-forces
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
16. A(n) _____, also called a strategic partnership, is an agreement between two or more companies that involves the joint production and distribution of goods and services.
ANS: strategic alliance
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
17. _____ = (output / input) x 100%
ANS: Productivity
PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
18. This balanced approach in the use of information systems that attempts to reduce costs and increase revenues is called ________ management of information systems.
ANS: performance-based
PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
19. _____ is the sum of all costs over the life of the information system.
ANS: Total cost of ownership
PTS: 1 REF: Performance-Based Information Systems
20. The _____ visa program is often used for intracompany transfers for multinational companies.
ANS: L-1
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
21. The IS organization has three primary responsibilities including operations, systems development, and _____
ANS: support
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
22. A(n) _____ administrator focuses on the planning, policies, and procedures regarding the use of corporate data and information.
ANS: database
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
23. Because IS hardware and software are costly, a specialized _____ group manages computer hardware and software acquisitions.
ANS: support
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
24. The _____ component of the IS organization typically operates the information center.
ANS: support
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
25. The _____ service unit is basically a miniature IS department attached and directly reporting to a functional area in a large organization.
ANS: information
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
ESSAY
1. Define the term value chain and briefly discuss the purpose of the supply chain component.
ANS:
The value chain is a series of activities that includes inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production and manufacturing, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service. An analysis of each activity of the value chain of an organization reveals how to increase the value perceived by the customer. The supply chain component determines what supplies are required for the value chain, what quantities are needed to meet customer demand, how the supplies should be manufactured into finished goods and services, and how the shipment of supplies and products to customers should be scheduled, maintained, and controlled.
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
2. Explain the difference between sustaining and disruptive change.
ANS:
Sustaining change can help an organization improve its current operations such as improving the supply of raw materials, the production process, and the products and services it offers. Disruptive change can completely transform and organization or industry or create new ones. Disruptive technologies may not originally have good performance, low cost, or even strong customer demand. Over time, however, they often replace existing technologies.
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
3. Briefly discuss the technology acceptance model and its importance.
ANS:
The technology acceptance model specifies the factors that can lead to better attitudes about an information system, along with higher acceptance and usage of the system. These factors include the perceived usefulness of the technology, the ease of its use, the quality of the information system, and the degree to which the organization supports its use.
PTS: 1 REF: Organizations and Information Systems
4. What is competitive advantage? Identify five forces that cause firms to seek competitive advantage.
ANS:
Competitive advantage is a significant and long term benefit to a company over its competition and can result in higher-quality products, better customer service, and lower costs. Michael Porter identified five forces that the more these forces combine in any instance, the more likely firms will seek competitive advantage and the more dramatic the results of such an advantage will be. These five forces include 1) rivalry among existing competitors, 2) the threat of new entrants, 3) the threat of substitute products and services, 4) the bargaining power of suppliers, and 5) the bargaining power of suppliers.
PTS: 1 REF: Competitive Advantage
5. What is the current outlook for a career in information systems?
ANS:
IS offers many exciting and rewarding careers. The U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that many technology jobs will increase through 2012 and beyond. Opportunities in information systems are also available to people for foreign countries through the H-1B and L-1 visa programs.
PTS: 1 REF: Careers in Information Systems
3.rtf
Chapter 03: Hardware: Input, Processing, and Output Devices
TRUE/FALSE
1. When making hardware decisions, the overriding considerations of a business should be technology cost and currency.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Why Learn about Hardware?
2. People involved in selecting their organization’s computer hardware need not understand current and future business requirements.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
3. Business needs and their importance are roughly the same for all companies so the IS solutions they choose are quite similar.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
4. Each CPU produces a series of electronic pulses at a predetermined rate, called the clock speed, which affects machine cycle time.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
5. Primary memory, which holds program instructions and data, is not associated with the CPU.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
6. RAM stands for random access memory, a form of memory that holds its contents even if the current is turned off or disrupted.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
7. A Terabyte is about one billion bytes of data.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
8. Dual core and quad core processors are now common and help boost the computer’s processing power.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
9. Parallel processing is a form of multiprocessing and speeds processing by linking several processors to operate at the same time.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
10. Computers need to store larger amounts of data and instructions more permanently than main memory allows - secondary storage serves this purpose.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
11. Compared to main memory, secondary storage offers the advantages of volatility, increased capacity, and lower costs.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
12. The devices used to sequentially access secondary storage devices are called DASD devices.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
13. Large, bulky tape drives have been replaced with much smaller tape cartridge devices measuring a few millimeters in diameter that take up much less floor space and allow hundreds of tape cartridges to be stored in a small area.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
14. RAID is a method of storing data so that it can be accessed more quickly.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
15. There are a number of compact disk devices including read only, recordable, and re-writable.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
16. Data storage requirements are growing at a rate of over 60% per year.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
17. Sequential access storage devices allow data to be accessed more quickly than direct access storage devices.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
18. A DVD can hold at least six times as much data as a CD disk.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
19. Solid state storage devices store data in memory chips rather than magnetic or optical media and require less power to operate while providing slower data access than magnetic data storage devices.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
20. MICR is a technology from the 1950s once used to speed the processing of checks, it is no longer in use today..
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
21. LCD monitors generally use between 35 and 50 percent less power than plasma screens and OLED monitors use even less power than LCD monitors.
ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
22. Chip-and-PIN cards employ a computer chip that communicates with a card reader using infrared frequencies so that the cards do not need to be swiped at a terminal.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
23. One of the advantages of handheld computers is that they require little power relative to their size.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
24. Netbook computers are ideal for users who need to run demanding applications, have many applications open at once, or need lots of data storage capacity.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
25. A blade server houses many computer motherboards that include one or more processors, computer memory, secondary storage, network connections, and a common power supply and air-cooling source within a single chassis.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
26. Smartphones are limited in their functionality and the number of applications available.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
27. Virtual tape can be used with a sophisticated storage-management system that moves data to slower but less costly forms of data storage media.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
28. Data entry and data input mean the same thing.
ANS: F PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
29. Support for green computing is emerging as a business strategy for computer manufacturers to distinguish themselves from the competition.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Green Computing
30. The scope of green computing is limited to the efficient and environmentally responsible design and manufacture of all types of computers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Green Computing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ________ is/are used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the CPU.
a.
Main memory
c.
The ALU
b.
Registers
d.
The CPU
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
2. Each central processing unit consists of three primary elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, registers, and the _____ unit.
a.
memory
c.
control
b.
input/output
d.
ALU
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
3. The CPU and memory of a computer are housed in the same box call the _____ unit.
a.
processing unit
c.
chip set
b.
motherboard
d.
system
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
4. A type of memory whose contents are not lost if the power is turned off is said to be _____.
a.
multicore
c.
RAM
b.
nonvolatile
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
5. _____ is the use of a collection of computers, often owned by many people or different organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.
a.
cloud computing
c.
parallel computing
b.
grid computing
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
6. Secondary storage is also called _____.
a.
permanent storage
c.
main memory
b.
primary storage
d.
volatile memory
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
7. Secondary storage is _____ than main memory.
a.
more expensive
c.
more volatile
b.
slower
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
8. _____ means that data must be accessed in the order in which it is stored.
a.
Sequential access
c.
Direct access
b.
Indirect access
d.
Volatile access
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
9. RAID storage devices provide organizations with data storage that is _____.
a.
fault tolerant
c.
extremely low cost
b.
exceedingly fast
d.
unlimited in storage capacity
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
10. _____ is a storage method for less frequently needed data that makes it appear to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts may be stored on faster hard disks.
a.
Magnetic dick
c.
Virtual tape
b.
CD-ROM
d.
SAN
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
11. For most organizations, the best overall data storage solution is likely a combination of different ________ options that can store large amounts of data, instructions, and information more permanently than allowed with main memory.
a.
primary memory
c.
virtual tape storage
b.
register storage
d.
secondary storage
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
12. A(n) ________ is a special-purpose, high speed network that provides direct connections among data storage devices and computers across the enterprise. It also integrates different types of storage subsystems.
a.
RAID
c.
network attached storage device
b.
attached storage device
d.
storage area network
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
13. The _____ is an advanced optical disk technology still in development that would store more data than even the Blu-ray optical disk system.
a.
holographic versatile disc
c.
RAID storage device
b.
virtual tape
d.
CD-ROM R/W
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
14. Speech recognition technology _____.
a.
has so far proven to be impractical
c.
is available in a wide range of capabilities
b.
works for a very limited vocabulary of words
d.
none of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
15. _____ are frequently used to capture input in standardized tests such as the SAT and GMAT.
a.
MICR readers
c.
Speech recognition devices
b.
OMR readers
d.
OCR readers
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
16. An RFID tag on an inventory item might contain information _____.
a.
product information
c.
details about the item tagged
b.
location data
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
17. _____ displays are flat displays that use liquid crystals to form characters and graphic images on a backlit screen.
a.
CRT
c.
OLED
b.
Plasma
d.
LCD
ANS: D PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
18. The chip-and-PIN card technology ________.
a.
is widely used in the United States
c.
requires entry of the user’s PIN number
b.
relies upon the use of infrared data transmission
d.
does not require replacement of existing POS terminals
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
19. The _____ display monitor uses the least amount of power.
a.
OLED
c.
Plasma
b.
LCD
d.
CRT
ANS: A PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
20. The process of converting human-readable data into machine-readable form is called ________.
a.
source data automation
c.
data entry
b.
data input
d.
data conversion
ANS: C PTS: 1
REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
21. The _____ is a single user, nonportable computer designed to perform engineering, CAD, and software development work.
a.
desktop
c.
workstation
b.
netbook
d.
notebook
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
22. The _____ are low-cost, centrally managed computers with no extra drives or expansion slots and limited capabilities.
a.
netbook computer
c.
thin client computer
b.
laptop computer
d.
desktop computer
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
23. _____ are the most powerful computers with the fastest processing speed and highest performance.
a.
Blade servers
c.
Mainframe computers
b.
Workstations
d.
Supercomputers
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
24. The faster the clock speed of the CPU, ________.
a.
the more memory is required for processing
c.
the larger the chip size required
b.
the more heat the processor generates
d.
the slower the machine cycle time
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
25. Green computing is focused at the efficient and environmentally responsible _____ of IS related products.
a.
design and manufacture
c.
disposal
b.
operation
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Green Computing
COMPLETION
1. The _____ unit performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.
ANS: arithmetic/logic
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
2. The clock speed for personal computers is in the _____ , or billions of cycles per second, range.
ANS: gigahertz
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
3. _____ is the component of the computer that rapidly provides data and instructions to the CPU.
ANS: main memory, primary memory, or cache memory
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
4. _____ are the two leading rival manufacturers of computer processing chips.
ANS: Intel and AMD
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
5. _____ involves the simultaneous execution of two or more computer instructions.
ANS: Multiprocessing
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
6. Key to the success of grid computing is a(n) _____ that acts as a grid leader and traffic monitor.
ANS: central server
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
7. With _____ access, it is possible to go directly to and access the needed data.
ANS: direct
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
8. The potential loss of critical business data can put an organization out of business and should be considered a serious business _____.
ANS: risk
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
9. _____ is a method of storing data so that if a hard drive fails, the lost data on that drive can be rebuilt.
ANS: RAID
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
10. The _____ is a special-purpose, high-speed network that provides high-speed connectivity among data storage devices and computers over a network.
ANS: storage area network (SAN)
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
11. A Universal Serial Bus _____ drive is one example of a commonly used solid state secondary storage device.
ANS: flash
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
12. Advances in screen technology allow display screens to function as _____ as well as output devices.
ANS: input
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
13. The two categories of optical data readers are _____ and optical character recognition.
ANS: optical mark recognition
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
14. A(n) _____ is a dot of color on a photo image or a point of light on a display screen.
ANS: pixel
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
15. _____ printers are generally faster than inkjet printers and can handle more volume than inkjet printers.
ANS: Laser
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
16. _____ is a popular format for compressing a sound sequence into a very small file while preserving the original level of sound quality when it is played.
ANS: MP3
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
17. The digital media equivalent of a conventional printed book is called a(n) _____.
ANS: e-book
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
18. _____ computers are the smallest and least expensive members of the laptop computer family.
ANS: Netbook
PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
19. The ________ sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes, them, and coordinates the flow of data
ANS: control unit
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
20. A spent fuel cell is replenished in moments by replacing the spent ________ cartridge with a fresh one.
ANS: fuel
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
21. ________ is a form of processing that speeds processing by linking hundreds or thousands of processors to operate at the same time, or in parallel, with each processor having its own bus, memory, disks, copy of the operating system, and applications.
ANS: massively parallel processing systems
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
22. Various secondary storage options can store large amounts of data, instructions, and information more ________ that is possible with main memory.
ANS: permanently
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
23. ________ involves capturing and editing data at its source and in a form that can be directly entered to a computer.
ANS: Source data automation
PTS: 1 REF: Input and Output Devices: The Gateway to Computer Systems
24. A ________ is a handheld computer that combines the functionality of a mobile phone, camera, Web browser,e-mail tool, MP3 player, and other devices into a single device.
ANS: smartphone
PTS: 1 REF: Computer System Types
25. One of the goals of green computing is to enable the safe ________ of computers and computer-related equipment.
ANS: disposal or recycling
PTS: 1 REF: Green Computing
ESSAY
1. Briefly discuss how the processing of data in a computer involves the interplay between its various hardware components.
ANS:
Each central processing unit consists of two primary elements: the arithmetic/logic unit and the control unit. The LAU performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons. The control unit sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices.
PTS: 1 REF: Computer Systems: Integrating the Power of Technology
2. Explain the primary difference between RAM and ROM memory chips.
ANS:
RAM memory is temporary and volatile - they lose their content if the current is turned off or disrupted. ROM memory chips are nonvolatile; their content is not lost if power is removed.
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
3. What is grid computing and how does it work?
ANS:
Grid computing is the use of a collection of computers, often owned by many people or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem. Key to the success of grid computing is a central server that acts as a grid leader and traffic monitor. This controlling computer divides the computing task into subtasks and assigns the work to computers on the grid that have (at least temporarily) surplus processing power. The central server also monitors the processing, and if a member of the grid fails to complete a subtask, it will restart or reassign the task. When all the tasks are completed, the controlling server combines the results and advances to the next task until the whole job is completed.
PTS: 1 REF: Processing and Memory Devices: Power, Speed, and Capacity
4. Identify three advantages of the use of solid state secondary storage devices over magnetic or optical media.
ANS:
Solid state storage devices store data in memory chips rather than magnetic or optical media. The memory chips require less power and provide faster data access. In addition, because SSDs have fewer moving parts, they are less fragile than hard disk drives and less likely to fail.
PTS: 1 REF: Secondary Storage
5. What is the Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool and who manages its use?
ANS:
The Green Electronics Council manages the Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT). The tool assists in assessing products against 51 lifecycle environmental criteria developed by representatives of the environmental community, manufacturers, private, and public purchasers, resellers, recyclers, and other interested parties. These criteria are documented in the IEEE Standard 1680 and have to do with the reduction of hazardous materials, the use of recycled materials, the design for recovery through recycling systems, product longevity, energy conversation, end of life management, the manufacturer’s corporate environmental policy, and packaging. The products evaluated against the criteria are placed into one of three tiers: gold, silver, or bronze.
PTS: 1 REF: Green Computing
4.rtf
Chapter 04: Software: Systems and Application Software
TRUE/FALSE
1. Computer programs are sequences of user instructions.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
2. Systems software consists of programs that help users solve particular computing problems.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
3. Documentation are sequences of instructions for the computer.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
4. Information systems that operate within the workgroup sphere of influence of influence support the firm in its interaction with customers, suppliers, shareholders, competitors, special-interest groups, the financial community, and government agencies.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
5. An operating system is a set of programs that controls the computer hardware and acts as interface with applications.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
6. The operating system converts a basic user request into the set of detailed instructions that the computer hardware requires, thus acting as an intermediary between the application and the hardware.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
7. The operating system’s application provides software developers with tools they use to build application software without needing to understand the inner workings of the operating system and hardware.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
8. A command-based user interface employs icons and menus that people use to send commands to the computer system.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
9. Most operating systems support virtual memory, which allocates space on the hard disk to supplement the immediate, functional memory capacity of RAM.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
10. The ability of a computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly is called scalability.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
11. The Windows 8 operating system includes a touch interface and displays colorful tiles instead of icons.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
12. Mac computer users can set up their computer to run both Windows and Mac OS X operating systems by using the dual boot option.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
13. Linux is not a full operating system and many distributions of Linux are available with various sets of capabilities and applications to form a full operating system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
14. Yahoo has developed its own Linux-based operating system called Chrome OS.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
15. z/OS from IBM, HP-UX form Hewlett Packard, and Linux are examples of mainframe operating systems.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
16. Symbian is an example of a popular cell phone embedded operating system.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
17. Embedded operating systems are typically designed to perform specific tasks.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
18. Utility programs help to perform maintenance, correct problems, merge and sort sets of data, keep track of computer jobs, and compress files of data.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
19. Application programs interact with systems software, and the systems software directs computer hardware to perform the necessary tasks.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
20. Off-the-shelf software is mass-produced by a software vendor to address needs that are common across businesses, organizations, or individuals.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
21. An application server provider is a company that can provide the software, support, and computer hardware on which to run the software from the user’s facilities over a network.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
22. Software as a service allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered business application software by paying a monthly service charge or a per use fee.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
23. Software as a Service refers to the use of computing resources, including software and data storage, on the Internet rather than local computers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
24. Financial management software helps plan, schedule, allocate, and control people and resources needed to complete a project according to a schedule.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
25. A software suite is a collection of single programs packaged together as a bundle and typically include word processing, spreadsheet, graphics, and more.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
26. There are free Web-based productivity software suites that require no installation on the computer.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
27. Enterprise application software is designed to support teamwork, but only works if the people are in the same location.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
28. Programming languages are sets of keywords, symbols, and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
29. Each programming language has its set of rules, called the program code of the language.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
30. Outsourcing global software support to one or more third-party distributors is gaining acceptance in North America.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Software Issues and Trends
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. An information system that operates in the _____ sphere of influence supports two or more people who work together to achieve a common goal.
a.
personal
c.
enterprise
b.
workgroup
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
2. After a computer system is started, portions of the operating system are transferred to _____ as they are needed.
a.
the CPU
c.
the back-up rescue disk
b.
memory
d.
none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
3. ________ describes the program functions to help the user operate the computer system.
a.
Program code
c.
User interface
b.
Documentation
d.
System software
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
4. The _____ features of the operating system allocates computer resources to make the best use of each system’s assets.
a.
user interface
c.
file management
b.
multitasking
d.
task management
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
5. An operating system with _____ capabilities allows a user to run more than one application at the same time.
a.
networking capability
c.
memory management
b.
hardware independence
d.
multitasking
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
6. The ________ is the heart of the operating system and controls its most critical processes.
a.
user interface
c.
kernel
b.
utility programs
d.
boot up disk
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
7. _____ is a powerful backup tool that allows Apple computer users to view their systems as it looked in the past and resurrect deleted files.
a.
Time Share
c.
Dual booting
b.
Time Machine
d.
Wintel
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
8. _____ is an open source operating system whose source code is freely available to everyone.
a.
Linux
c.
Chrome
b.
Snow Leopard
d.
Unix
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
9. Which of the following statements is NOT true about mainframe computers?
a.
They are often referred to as “Big Iron.”
c.
They offer users high performance and excellent system availability.
b.
They provide the computing and storage capacity to meet massive data processing requirements.
d.
A narrow range of application software has been developed to run in the mainframe environment.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
10. Embedded operating systems _____.
a.
represent a small, niche market
c.
are used in a narrow range of applications
b.
are changing the way we interact with many household devices
d.
all of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
11. _____ is an operating system for cell phones.
a.
iPhone Android
c.
Palm Windows Mobil
b.
Google OS
d.
Symbian
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
12. Today’s mobile phones and some PCs use a touch user interface called a ________ to allow people to control the personal computer.
a.
graphical user interface
c.
speech recognition interface
b.
command driven interface
d.
natural user interface
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
13. Many organizations are turning to _____, a set of integrated programs that manages a company’s vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization.
a.
software suite
c.
workgroup application software
b.
ERP
d.
productivity software
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
14. ________ is IBM’s first 64-bit enterprise operating system with very little downtime.
a.
HP-UX
c.
Chrome
b.
Unix
d.
z/OS
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
15. _____ is an example of a workgroup utility program.
a.
Software to compress data
c.
Software that monitors group activity to determine levels of participation
b.
Antivirus software
d.
Software that monitors network traffic and server loads
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
16. The use of middleware to connect disparate systems has evolved into an approach for developing software and systems called ______.
a.
cloud computing
c.
service oriented architecture
b.
rapid application development
d.
Software as a Service
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
17. One advantage of proprietary software versus off-the-shelf software is that _____
a.
the initial cost is lower
c.
the software is likely to be of high quality because many customer firms have tested the software and helped identify its bugs
b.
the software is likely to meet the basic business needs that are common across organizations
d.
being involved in the development offers control over the results
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
18. A risk involved with using an application service provider is that _____
a.
sensitive information could be compromised
c.
a disaster could disable the ASP’s data center
b.
the ASP could be incapable of keeping its servers and network up and running consistently
d.
all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
19. _____ is a form of software that includes a wide range of built-in functions for statistical, financial, logical, database, graphics, and date and time calculations.
a.
Word processing
c.
Spreadsheet
b.
Database
d.
Graphics
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
20. _____ provides income and expense tracking and reporting to monitor and plan budgets
a.
Graphics software
c.
Personal information manager software
b.
Project management software
d.
Financial management software
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
21. _____ is an example of a popular general purpose software suite for personal computer users.
a.
Corel SmartSuite
c.
Microsoft Symphony
b.
Lotus Office
d.
Corel WordPerfect Office
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
22. _____ is a popular groupware software package from IBM that enables a global team to work together from a common set of documents, have electronic discussions using threads of discussion, and schedule team meetings.
a.
Lotus Notes
c.
Zoho
b.
Exchange Server
d.
Thinkfree
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
23. The market for mobile application software for smartphones and mobile devices could reach ________ by 2017.
a.
$10 billion
c.
$50 billion
b.
$25 billion
d.
over $75 billion
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
24. With _____ , the software engineer drags and drops graphical objects such as buttons and menus onto the application form.
a.
assembly language
c.
visual programming
b.
machine code
d.
fourth generation language
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
25. Programming languages used to create artificial intelligence or expert system applications are often called _____
a.
object-oriented programming languages
c.
assembly languages
b.
visual programming languages
d.
fifth-generation languages
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
COMPLETION
1. ________ are sequences of instructions for the computer.
ANS: Computer programs
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
2. Sometimes referred to as rich _____ application, a Web-delivered software application combines hardware resources of the Web server and PC to deliver valuable software services through a Web browser interface.
ANS: Internet
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
3. For most companies, the spheres of influence are ________, workgroup, and enterprise.
ANS: individual
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
4. The _____ interface is an interface that allows applications to make use of the operating system.
ANS: application program
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
5. The _____ is software that performs many tasks including providing a user interface and providing input/output management.
ANS: operating system
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
6. A storage device that contains some or all of the operating system is often called a ________ because you can use it to start the computer if you have problems with the primary hard disk.
ANS: rescue disk
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
7. A(n) _____ allows applications to make use of the operating system.
ANS: application program interface
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
8. Being able to develop software without concern for the specific underlying hardware is referred to as ________.
ANS: hardware independence
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
9. _____ works by swapping programs or parts of programs between memory and one or more disk drives.
ANS: Virtual memory
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
10. _____ allows more than one person to use a computer system at the same time.
ANS: Time sharing
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
11. An operating system with multitasking capabilities allows a user to run one program in the foreground while meanwhile another program is running in the ________.
ANS: background
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
12. Red Hat Software offers a ________ network operating system.
ANS: Linux
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
13. The early PC operating systems of the 1980s had a(n) _____ interface that were difficult to learn and use.
ANS: command driven
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
14. _____ software allows one operating system to run on top of another by creating a virtual machine on which the guest operating system can run.
ANS: Virtualization
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
15. Google has developed its own mobile operating system called _____.
ANS: Android
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
16. ________ is a family of Microsoft operating systems included with or embedded into small computer devices.
ANS: Windows Embedded
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
17. When RIM introduced the ________ smartphone in 2002, the mobile phone’s capabilities were vastly expanded.
ANS: Blackberry
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
18. _____ is a popular choice for embedded systems because it is free and highly configurable.
ANS: Linux
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
19. _____ is software that is mass produced by software vendors to address needs that are common across business, organizations, or individuals.
ANS: Off-the-shelf
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
20. SaaS providers maintain software on their own servers and provide access to it over the _____.
ANS: Internet
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
21. _____ refers to the use of computing resources, including software and data storage, on the Internet rather than on local computers.
ANS: Cloud computing
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
22. _____ is a company can provide the software, support, and computer hardware on which to run software from the user’s facilities over a network.
ANS: Application service provider
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
23. Microsoft Office, Lotus Symphony, and Open Office are examples of a(n) _____ that contains several programs top perform word processing, spreadsheet analysis, database, address book, calendar, and other applications.
ANS: software suite
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
24. _____ are sets of keywords, symbols, and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.
ANS: Programming languages
PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
25. Visual Basic.NET, Visual C++, Visual C# are examples of ________ programming tools.
ANS: visual
PTS: 1 REF: Programming Languages
ESSAY
1. Distinguish between systems software and application software.
ANS:
Systems software is the set of programs designed to coordinate the activities and functions of the hardware and various programs throughout the computer system. Applications software consists of programs that help users solve particular computing problems.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
2. What is the sphere of influence? Identify three spheres of influence.
ANS:
One useful way of classifying the many potential uses of information systems is to identify the scope of the problems and opportunities addressed by a particular organization. For most companies, the spheres of influence are personal, workgroup, and enterprise. The personal sphere of influence concerns the needs of individual users. The workgroup sphere of influence address the needs of two or more people who work together to achieve a common goals. The enterprise sphere of influence supports the firm in its interaction with customers, suppliers, shareholders, competitors, special-interest groups, the financial community, and government agencies.
PTS: 1 REF: An Overview of Software
3. Distinguish between multitasking and time sharing.
ANS:
Multitasking allows a single user to run more than one application at the same time. Time sharing allows more than one person to use a computer at the same time.
PTS: 1 REF: Systems Software
4. What are some of the disadvantages of using proprietary software?
ANS:
It can take a long time and significant resources to develop the required features. In house system developers may become hard pressed to provide the required level of ongoing support and maintenance because of pressure to move on to other projects. The features and performance of software that has yet to be developed presents potential risk.
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
5. Discuss the growth in mobile application software.
ANS:
The number of apps for smartphones and other mobile devices has exploded in recent years. Besides valuable mobile apps that come with these devices, tens of thousands of applications have been developed by third parties. For example iPhone users can download and install thousands of apps using Apple’s App Store. Thousands of mobile apps are available in the Android Market for users of Android handsets. Microsoft and other software companies are also investing in mobile apps for devices that run on its software.
PTS: 1 REF: Application Software
