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1. Most people tend to under-estimate their water usage by a factor of two. This is because most people do not factor in the water that they use in small things that they deem small. For instance, people do not think that the small amounts of water they use to wash their hands and to flush toilets could count much in their water bills. A person will wash their hands every time they take a meal and after the meal (Fahim, 2013). Also after going to the toilet they will wash their hands often, this will happen several times a day and they do not think that this water usage will be that significant. The same thing happens with electricity, people do not think that small things they do with electricity will make a big change in their bills.

2. Peer pressure and social norm hold such a significant place in the individual’s behaviour since most people will want to follow what other people are doing. Most people in the society do not like doing things that are new or innovative but will always do what the rest of the society does and believes to be correct. For example, in terms of water usage people will always use water in doing those things that are being by everybody else. If the society wastes water, it will be all that does it!

3. Rewarding the consumers who use water well will be the most effective way of getting the consumers to utilize the water they consume. People could be rewarded in such a way that those who use small amounts of water will be charged at lower rates that the rest and this will make people to stop misusing water. This will be the best way to get people to use small amounts of water as they will be delighted with the incentives.

References Fahim, H. M. (2013). Dams, People and Development: The Aswan High Dam Case. Elsevier, 2013.