write a critique of the study

Week 2

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS

3

The article illustrates how conclusions about a given study are attained using case studies. Case study research is a qualitative research method that may be experimental or non-experimental depending on the type of study being conducted. The article indicates that conducting a case study demands that the researcher identifies its subjects mainly through random sampling. In non-experimental situations, the researcher may employ surveys to complete their study. Therefore, much of case studies depend on propositions at the beginning. While utilizing experimental designs, the researcher will subject its samples to a laboratory tests by establishing a control and placebos.

The purpose of the article is to provide insights into how to utilize case studies to attain a valid and reliable data for the study. Notably, case studies ensure that the expected result is obtained accurately. Case studies a significant to a research designing a new study because it employs evidence-based studies in most cases. Thus, any information supplied in the findings represents real-time data from the subjects. Case studies aid a research to repeat a given subset of study until their desired result is obtained.

Historical research is a qualitative method that allows a researcher to examine previous happenings regarding a particular area of study. The purpose of the journal is to examine the historical perspective of the buyer-supplier relationship over time. It illustrates the ways in which the relationships have been changing with time.

With historical research, individuals base their conclusion on past data for example interviews, documentaries, journals and field notes. Present and future situations of a certain environment or individuals are determined by their historical behaviors and way of living. For example, a business enterprise that wants to postulate the situation of their firm in future will have to evaluate their past sales, revenues, and net incomes so that they do not over or underestimate their worth.

Historical research method is practical thus vital for an individual designing a new study. With this method, a researcher will gain access to all information relevant to their study. Therefore, inferences drawn are always accurate because evidence based data is made use. Validity and reliability of the information are known. Educators mainly use historical research to complete their work.

Phenomenology is a qualitative research method that is mostly applied in event management. According to the journal, phenomenology provides an in depth of philosophical and theoretical framework that aid in uncovering information regarding an occurrence or event. Phenomenology is non-experimental given that it utilizes philosophical aspects in detailing the dimensions revolving an event. In order to understand phenomena regarding an event, the article points out that there is the need for definition and explanation of the terms used. However, it indicates that phenomenology has limitations, for instance, the consequences of an event take much of the findings as opposed to how and why the event took place. Moreover, it is difficult to for generalization and subjectivity of the findings.

Phenomenology is essential for individuals who want to understand how a given occurrence has influenced the current and future behaviors of the affected. Therefore, a researcher who wishes to undertake a study that seeks to understand the philosophical framework of an event, phenomenology is a useful research method. Phenomenology offers propositions and references for future studies since it touches on a wide range of theories and thoughts.

The journal by Maronick illustrates how surveys being a quantitative research method can be utilized in a wide range of study with ease. The article scrutinizes the comparison between traditional and web-based survey methods. It puts into considerations aspects like response time, sample quality and panels. Surveys are non-experimental designs and employ tools like interviews, sampling polls, and questionnaires. Most researchers commonly use the above tools because it is easy to administer and allows them to tune their respondents to respond within the scope of the study. Closed-ended questionnaires help the researchers when analyzing the data from the field because they can encode the data to the statistical application with fewer complexities. In addition, web-based surveys have become increasingly common especially when researchers want to access persons located at the extreme ends of the globe. The survey can still be valid and reliable even without coming face to face with the respondents.

Surveys are critical research methods that every researcher should considered before embarking on a rather complicated method. Administration of interviews and questionnaires are important especially for new research because they supply a baseline data that can be utilized to build a better and more intense research.

A cause-effect research technique is a widely used approach when trying to establish the influence of a given variable or variables on a sample. Emery in the Journal points out that cause-effect model is developed to establish constraints and improve their viability. The journal further demonstrates that the research method helps in understanding why and how a particular aspect would influence the success of a subject. The purpose of the article is to explain how certain causal entities would lead an effect on another. The journal singles out that the increasing usage of total quality management by business organization could be the genesis of competitiveness in the market hence the ever-increasing productivity.

A researcher developing a new research design could make use of cause-effect method to understand the influences the variables in use will have on the target subjects. If a researcher wants to understand environmental degradation that is a common problem in the globe presently, the potential root causes of damage must be identified and studied. Cause-effect research technique is the application of all fields of study depending on the structure of the study.

The journal focuses on quasi-experimental research that is quantitative in nature that mainly involves carrying out experiments. The article examines medical and psychological implications arising from environmental risks. It further tries to find out the risks of smoking during pregnancy. In order to attain these results, the sample has to be subjected to experimental analysis for a given duration. The journal focuses on a family setting where sibling comparison is critical by integrating the genetic aspect.

Experimental research depends largely on the manipulations a research applies on the variables. Often, a control and placebo samples play a great role in such researches. In order to attain valid results, repetitive experiments are essential in this kind of research because relying on only one may lead to biased and unreliability. Even with controlled states, environmental conditions end up influencing the data hence repeated instances will help identify such instances.

Experimental research is essential for researchers designing new study especially if the kind of study involves aspects that cannot be established from philosophical perspectives. While it is time-consuming, it helps researchers gain an in depth of the study thus supply accurate and valid information for present and the future use.

References

D'Onofrio, B. M., Ph.D. Lahey, B. B., PhD., Turkheimer, E., PhD., & Lichtenstein, P., Ph.D. (2013). Critical need for family-based, quasi-experimental designs in integrating genetic and social science research. American Journal of Public Health, 103, S46-55

Emery, C. R. (2009). A cause-effect-cause model for sustaining cross-functional integration. Business Process Management Journal, 15(1), 93-108. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150910931488

Hansen, J. M. (2009). The evolution of buyer-supplier relationships: A historical industry approach. The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 24(3), 227-236. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08858620910939778

Maronick, T. J. (2009). THE ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN SURVEY RESEARCH: GUIDELINES FOR RESEARCHERS AND EXPERTS. Journal of Global Business and Technology, 5(1), 18-31

Ridder, H. (2012). Case study research. Design and methods. Zeitschrift Für Personalforschung, 26(1), 93-95. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/922066178?accountid=45049

Ziakas, V., & Boukas, N. (2014). Contextualizing phenomenology in event management research. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 5(1), 56-73. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493449912?accountid=45049