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APA Citation Guide

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Introduction

This guide is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th ed. (Washington D.C. American Psychological Association, 2001).

Reference items are listed alphabetically at the end of the paper. These same items are referred to in the body of the paper using the In-Text style.

For additional examples, please refer to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th ed. available in the Reference collections in Thompson (Main) Library; Education, Human Ecology, Psychology, and Social Work Library; and other OSU libraries. (BF76.7 P83 2001).

Please note:

 APA now uses hanging indent formatting in the reference list

 For In-Text direct quotes, add page numbers: e.g., (Komisar, 1991, p. 13)

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Book

(one author)

Reference:

Komisar, L. (1991). The new feminism. New York:

Franklin Watts.

In-Text:

(Komisar, 1991)

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Book

(two to more authors)

Reference:

Strunk, W., Jr. & White, E.B. (1979). The elements

of style (3rd ed.). New York:Macmillan.

In-Text: (two authors):

(Strunk & White, 1979)

In-Text (three or more authors):

(Strunk, White, & Smith, 1979)

In-Text (subsequent references):

(Strunk et al., 1979)

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Book Chapter

Reference

Roll, W.P. (1976). ESP and memory. In J.M.O. Wheatley

& H.L. Edge (Eds.), Philosophical dimensions

of parapsychology (pp. 154-184). Springfield, IL:

American Psychiatric Press.

In-Text

(Roll, 1976)

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Encyclopedia Article

Reference

Warren, S.A. (1977). Mental retardation and environment.

In International encyclopedia of psychiatry,

psychology, psychoanalysis, and neurology (Vol. 7,

pp. 202-207). New York Aesculapius Publishers.

In-Text:

(Warren, 1977)

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Journal Article

(one author)

Reference:

Maki, R.H. (1982). Categorization effects which occur

in comparative judgment tasks. Memory &

Cognition, 10, 252-264.

In-Text:

(Maki, 1982)

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Journal Article

(two or more authors)

Reference:

Atkinson, R.C., & Shiffrin, R.M. (1971). The control of

short-term memory. Scientific American, 225,

82-90.

In-Text (two authors):

(Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1971)

In-Text (three to five authors):

(Smith, Zappella, Rosen, Gustman, & Rock, 1994)

In-Text (six or more authors):

(Smith et al., 1994)

In-Text (subsequent references):

(Smith et al., 1994)

In-Text (subsequent references in the same paragraph):

(Smith et al.)

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Magazine Article

(one author)

Reference:

Kandel, E. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience:

Breaking down scientific barriers to the study

of brain and mind. Science, 290, 1113-1120.

In-Text:

(Kandel, 2000)

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Magazine Article

(no author)

Reference:

The blood business. (1992, September 11). Time, 97,

47-48.

In-Text:

("The Blood Business," 1992)

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Newspaper Article

(no author)

Reference:

Amazing Amazon region. (1989, January 12). New

York Times, p. D11.

In-Text:

("Amazing Amazon Region," 1989)

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Educational Resources Information Center Report

(ERIC)

Reference:

Mead, J.V. (1992). Looking at old photgraphs:

Investigating the teacher tales that novice

teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4).

East Lansing, MI:National Center for Research on

Teacher Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction

Service No. ED. 346082).

In-Text:

(Mead, 1992)

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Educational Resources Information Center Report

(from E-Subscribe)

Reference:

Mead, J.V. (1992). Looking at old photgraphs:

Investigating the teacher tales that novice

teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4).

East Lansing, MI:National Center for Research on

Teacher Learning. Retrieved Oct. 23, 2001 from

E-Subscribe database.

In-Text:

(Mead, 1992)

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Specfic Internet Document

Reference:

Electronic reference formats recommended by the American

Psychological Association. (2000, October 12).

Retrieved January 3, 2001 from

http://www.apa.org/journals/jwebref.html

In-Text:

(American Psychological Association [APA], 2000)

In-Text (subsequent references):

(APA, 2000)

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Electronic Article

(Journal Article found in a database)

Reference:

Jacobson, J.W., Mulick, J.A., & Schwartz, A.A. (1995).

A history of facilitated communication: Science,

pseudoscience, and antiscience. American Psychologist,

50, 750-765. Retrieved January 12, 2001, from

PsycARTICLES database.

In-Text:

(Jacobson et al., 1995)

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Electronic Article

(Exact duplicate of print version)

Reference:

Vanden, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role of reference

elements in the selection of resources by psychology

undergraduates. [Electronic version]. Journal of

Bibliographic Research, 5, 117-123.

In-Text:

(Vanden et al., 2001)

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Electronic Article

(Format modified from print version)

Reference:

Vanden, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role of reference

elements in the selection of resources by psychology

undergraduates. Journal of Bibliographic Research, 5,

117-123. Retrieved October 13, 2001, from

http://jbr.org/articles.html

In-Text:

(Vanden et al., 2001)

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Other Electronic or Internet Resources

Refer to: Electronic Reference Formats Recommended by the American Psychological Association http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html

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Research and Internet Aids | OSU Libraries

Comments to:

Fred Roecker , Instruction Office, Ohio State University Libraries

Last Update: 3/8/06