Statistical Post and possible 4 slides of a PPT
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statistics__hypothesis_testing_presentationtemplate_2.pptxStatistics & Hypothesis testing presentation
Tiesha Amison, Lorraine Lorentz, Vicky Mintz, Diana Morris and Trish Zimmerer
BSHS/382
November 24, 2014
Angela Heads
Intro
◦Introduce the Learning Team members and the data set.
intro
◦Briefly explain how the data was gathered and identify the study population.
Descriptive statistics
Descriptive statistics
◦Explain how descriptive statistical analysis increases understanding of the data.
Descriptive statistics
◦Include an original graph created with StatCrunch that uses at least one descriptive statistical measure to illustrate the data set.
•Inferential Statistics
◦Define statistical inference and include and explain at least one original inferential statistical calculation.
Inferential Statistics
Use StatCrunch to check the calculation and show the steps in your presentation.
Inferential Statistics
◦Explain how inferential statistical analysis increases understanding of the data.
Null Hypothesis Testing
The null hypothesis
assumes sample observations are purely chance
States there is no relationship between two or more variables
Symbolized Ho
The alternative hypothesis
assumes there is an effect of the variables
Symbolized Ha
NULL HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ENCHILADA DATA SET
Ho: cost of enchiladas & sodium content are independent
Ha: cost of enchiladas & sodium content are dependent
The word “null” means “of no consequence or effect”. Null hypothesis testing provides researchers a systematic way to decide if the relationship between variables is related or simply due to sampling error. The null hypothesis statement assumes that the variables have no effect on each other. An alternative hypothesis is also formulated assuming the effect of variables on the population is related (Agresti & Franklin, 2009). Simply looking at the Enchilada data set, It appears that there is a relationship between the variables of cost and sodium content. As cost goes up, sodium content goes down. The null hypothesis assumes there is no relationship and therefore states cost and sodium content are independent of each other. The alternative hypothesis is that these variables are related.
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Logic of Null Hypothesis Testing
Initially presume null hypothesis is true
Determine likeliness of sample relationship
Perform statistical tests to measure relatedness
If the sample relationship is unlikely reject the null hypothesis
(Psychology Research Methods, 2012)
The null hypothesis assumes the relationship between the variables exists only by chance. The burden of proof falls on the alternative hypothesis. The researcher determines the significance level (often 5%) used to decide if the relationship is strong enough to reject the null hypothesis. If the null hypothesis is rejected the alternative hypothesis is accepted (Rosnow & Rosenthal, 2008).
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•Implications for Future Research
◦Differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics and how they support the human services research process.
•Implications for Future Research-null hypothesis
Ho: Sodium content and taste are independent
Ha: Sodium content and taste are dependent
Often low sodium foods are perceived as being bland and tasteless. In the follow up study it is assumed that as sodium content decreases taste preference also decreases. The null hypothesis then is that sodium content and taste are independent of each other. The alternative hypothesis is that sodium content and taste are dependent.
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•Implications for Future Research
◦Provide an example of a study that is a logical follow-up to your data set that yields useful inferential statistics.
•Implications for Future Research
◦Provide an example of a null hypothesis inspired by your data set that adds to the human services community’s knowledge.
References
References
Agresti, A., & Franklin, C. (2009). Statistics: The art and science of learning from data (2nd ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection.
Psychology research methods: core skills and concepts (v.1.0). Retrieved from http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/psychology-research-methods-core-skills-and-concepts/s17-01-understanding-null-hypothesis-.html
Rosnow, R.L., & Rosenthal, R. (2008). Beginning behavioral research: A conceptual primer. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection.
