Drake equation?
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Are we alone in the Universe?
Part 1 – by Dr. Morales
The Drake Equation
Introduc)on – Do the following:
Go to www.PollEv.com/moralesplanet
1Read Handout 2Reading Quiz 3Par)cipate on PollEv.com
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Factors that affect the possibility of life “out there”
Science 100, Fall 2014
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1. R★ = the number of new stars suitable for the origin and evoluIon of intelligent life that are formed in the Milky Way Galaxy each year
2. fp = the fracIon of these stars that are formed with planetary systems
3. ne = the average number of planets in each system that can sustain life
The Drake EquaIon
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A fe
w m
or e te rm
…
4. fl = the fracIon of life-‐sustaining planets on which life actually begins/develops.
5. fi = the fracIon of life-‐bearing planets on which intelligent life evolves (civilizaIons).
6. fc = the fracIon of systems of intelligent creatures that develop the technological means and the will to communicate over interstellar distances.
7. L = the length of )me for which such civilizaIons release detectable signals into space.
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How do these factors inform us as to the possibility of life “OUT THERE”?
Ul)mately we want to know how many advanced civiliza)ons there are.
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The result is
The Drake Equa)on
N is an esImate of the number of detectable civilizaIons in our galaxy that have developed the ability, and desire, to communicate over interstellar distances:
Frank Drake
N = R★ fp ne fl fi fc L
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Human Space Messages
Humans have sent a message about themselves into space beyond our solar system in hopes that there might be other intelligent life with whom we could communicate. And even though it is highly improbable that a spacecraZ carrying a message from Earth would ever be intercepted and the message discovered, in our need to communicate something about ourselves we have made such a message, a[ached it to the Voyager spacecraZs, and sent them away.
Diagram of Recording Cover
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3 Further Discussion
Based on finding from Group Assignment #1 – Annotated Bibliographies
We will now share our research findings, by having each group present their most compelling results to answer their quesIons. These are BIG ques)ons, and this effort is about team work, so coopera)on will get you there.
Collabora)on
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Further Discussion -‐ Groups
1Structure of the Universe 2Star & Planet Forma)on
3Exoplanets & Habitable Zone
» What does it contain? What is it made of, and how is it distributed?
» How many stars are in our galaxy, the Milky Way galaxy?
» The rate of star formaIon in our galaxy? How are they made, and where?
» What fracIon is appropriate for a stable planetary system? How do systems form?
» How many planets have we found? How? And, what kinds of planets have been idenIfied?
» What is the “habitable zone”? What reasonable fracIon of all planets (and inferred to exist) are terrestrial (or moons) that could sustain life?
The six previous quesIons affect the first two factors of the Drake equaIon: R* = the number of new stars suitable for the origin and evoluIon of intelligent life that are formed in the Milky way Galaxy each year. fp = the fracIon of these stars that are formed with planetary systems.
Assignment
N =
R ★
fp n e fl fi fc L
Expand on your group annotated bibliography for further discussions on these quesIons during next class. Groups with Topic #A, B and C, tackle factors # 3, 4, 5 in Drake Eq.
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Are we alone? Continue the Search