SPSS Lab report

KINES 260 – Lab 1 – Enjoyment of Exercise

Introduction

Exercise psychologists have suggested that enjoyment may play a major role in determining exercise adherence (Dishman, Sallis, & Orenstein, 1985). Kendzierski and DeCarlo (1991) created the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) to measure enjoyment of specific physical activity and demonstrated adequate reliability and validity of the scale in these two studies. Dishman, Motl, Saunders, Felton, Ward, Dowda, and Pate (2005) also suggested that the following factors appear to influence exercise enjoyment: choice of physical activity, gender-separate activities, small group interaction, inclusiveness, and relative lack of competition.

Research Question: Does choice of physical activity impact subsequent exercise enjoyment?

Hypotheses

H1:

H0:

Method

Participants

Half the members of the class will be randomly assigned to a ‘Preferred choice activity’ (‘1’) group and half to a ‘Non-preferred choice activity’ (‘2’) group.

Instruments

The 18-item PACES was chosen to measure exercise enjoyment immediately after an exercise bout. Participants answered all questions using a 7-point Likert scale. In previous research (Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991), an internal consistency of .93 was reported on Cronbach’s alpha and adequate validity was demonstrated.

Directions for scoring the PACES:

(1) When answering each item, rate how you are ‘feel at the moment’ about the activity you just participated in.

(2) To determine a score, add the actual numbers you circled for items 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, and 18. The following items are reverse scored: 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, and 17. Thus 1 = 7, 2 = 6, 3 = 5, 4 = 4, 5 = 3, 6 = 2, and 7 = 1. Compute an overall score by summing the total number of points for each of the 18 items.

Procedures

1. You are randomly assigned to a preferred activity group (1) or a non-preferred activity group (2), either aerobic exercise or weight training depending on your favorite choice.

2. Undertake at least a 20 minute moderate intensity aerobic (ellipse, treadmill, run, walk, cycle) or a moderate weight training session depending on which group you were assigned to. Check your heart rate after 10 and 20 minutes to make sure you achieve your assigned training heart rate.

3. Complete the PACES immediately after the exercise bout is concluded.

Results

Copy your total enjoyment score on the PACES and add it to the class data grid. Next to your score under the Group column, enter ‘1’ for the preferred activity group or a ‘2’ for the non-preferred exercise group. Calculate one independent t-test analysis to see if there is a significant group difference in total enjoyment score using the PASW /SPSS statistical software. Write up the statistical results to report if there was a significant difference between the groups in the enjoyment scores after the brief exercise. Compute the group means and standard deviations of the enjoyment scores and copy this information into a Table. Draw a bar graph (one that includes the means of each group with standard error bars) and paste it as a Figure.

Discussion

State your conclusions about your research and null hypotheses based on your results. Compare your findings with any other previously published research. State some weaknesses and limitations of this basic experimental design and how they might be improved.

Use your lab report format to produce a final lab report.

References

Dishman, R.K., Motl, R.W., Saunders, R., Felton, G., Ward, D.S., Dowda, M., & Pate,

R.R. (2005). Enjoyment mediates the effects of a school-based physical-activity

intervention. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37, 478-487.

Dishman, R.K., Sallis, J. F., & Orenstein, D.O. (1985). The determinants of physical

activity and exercise. Public Health Reports, 100, 158-171.

Kendzierski, D., & DeCarlo, K. (1991). Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale; Two

validation studies. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13, 50-64.

To determine a score, add the actual numbers you circled for items 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, and 18. The following items are reverse scored: 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, and 17. Thus 1 = 7, 2 = 6, 3 = 5, 4 = 4, 5 = 3, 6 = 2, and 7 = 1. Compute an overall score by summing the total number of points for each of the 18 items.

Gender (1 = male, 2= female)	Age	Overall _Score	Activity_Group (1= preferred, 2= non preferred)