outlining

4. Chapter Four

Language

Language is governed by rules:

1-      You must learn the basics of phonology.(the study of how sounds are used to communicate meaning)

2-      You must learn syntax or how symbols are arranged to create meaning.(the rules that govern word order)

3-      You must understand about language relates to semantics or the meaning of specific words.

Language is a collection of symbols or words to communicate with others.

Language is ambiguous:

1.      Words have denotative meaning (the literal or commonly accepted meaning of a word) and connotative meaning (the meanings we associate with particular words based on our experience) like the freedom word in the U.S and Iraq.

2.      Equivocal words language is ambiguous; it’s all the words that have more than one meaning, like court.

3.      Slang and jargon slang ( slang is informal nonstandard vocabulary used by members of a co-culture or group who have similar interests, goods, or life experiences )

( Jargon language is the technical language used by professional groups, scientists, technicians, sports, and educators)

4.      Euphemisms ( polite terms or more socially acceptable ways to describe something that someone may find unpleasant) and doublespeak ( language used to purposefully disguise the actual meaning of something)

Language influenced by culture and co-culture. (Regionalism and colloquialism)

Language influenced by gender:

Games – communication style – communication topics – interruption discussions -  conversation. (Androgynous communication is individuals who are adept at using different speech style, depending on the situation)

Language is influenced by technology

Language and interpersonal communication

Language in small groups communication ( meeting types)

Language and speaking

Language and civility