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Annotated Bibliography for Cyber Bullying

Dalal Amin

DeVry University

8/3/2014

Cyber bullying

Introduction

This paper is going to cover the annotated bibliography for cyber bullying. It is going to discuss on five journal articles covering cyber bullying. It will involve summarizing the work done by the authors of the different articles and also discussing their findings or conclusions briefly. Among the articles to be covered are Ongoing and online: Children and youth's perceptions of cyber bullying, Cyber bullying: Youngsters' Experiences and Parental Perception, Cyber Bullying: An Old Problem in a New Guise?, Students’ Perspectives on Cyber Bullying and Cyberbullying among Turkish Adolescents. The annotated bibliography is therefore as follows.

Faye M., Michael S., & Steven S. (2009).Ongoing and online: Children and youth's perceptions of cyber bullying. Children and Youth Services Review. Vol.31 (12) December 2009, Pages 1222–1228

The application of online technology is rapidly growing across the world. It is also rapidly becoming a preferred way of interacting. The authors in this article argue that while most of the online or web interactions are positive or neutral, the internet offers a new means through which youth and children are bullied. The authors therefore, did a grounded theory approach with the aim of exploring virtual relationships, technology, and cyber bullying from the students’ perspectives. The authors held seven focus groups with thirty eight students between 5th and 8th grades. The participants saw cyber bullying as a serious issue and some participants claimed that online bullying was more serious than conventional or traditional bullying due to the associated anonymity. Despite the fact that the students indicated anonymity as core to cyber bullying, the outcomes of this study suggest that much of the cyber bullying took place within the context of the students’ relationships and social groups. The outcomes revealed 5 main themes. These are telling adults, types of cyber bullying, factors affecting cyber bullying, views and definitions of cyber bullying and technology being embraced at younger ages and being the main medium for communication. The outcomes bring out the complexity of the anonymity offered by the internet and the way this may affect cyber bullying.

Francine D., Catherine B., & Trijntje V. (2008). Cyber bullying: Youngsters' Experiences and Parental Perception. CyberPsychology & Behavior. April 2008, 11(2): 217-223. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0008

The authors of this article discuss a study on the nature and prevalence of cyber bullying by and of youngsters as well as the parental perceptions. The survey was done using two questionnaires. One of the questionnaires was for the parents and the other for their youngsters. They were administered to 1,211 primary school pupils in their final year and secondary school pupils in their first year as well as their parents. The pupils filled the questionnaires in their classrooms while parents filled theirs at home. The findings reveal that approximately sixteen percent of the pupils had taken part in bullying through the text messages and internet while approximately twenty-three percent of the pupils had been cyber bullying victims. The authors discovered that cyber bullying appears to be individualistic and anonymous activity that mainly takes place at home. The nature of harassment most frequently used are gossiping and name-calling. The youngsters react to this act by bullying the bully, ignoring it or pretending to ignore it. Most parents on the other hand come up with rules for their kids concerning the way they should utilize the internet. However, they are not very conscious of the harassments. They underestimate the bullying behavior of their own children and have little notion of their kids as victims of bullying.

Marilyn A. C. (2005).Cyber Bullying: An Old Problem in a New Guise? Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling. Vol.15 (01) / July 2005, pp 68-76

The author argues that despite the fact that technology offers many benefits to young people, the same young people and adults can use the same technology to harm. Technology therefore, also has a dark side. Web sites, mobile phone cameras, chat rooms, texting and e-mail are and can be used for bullying others. This has become a global issue and many incidents have been reported in the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Japan, Canada, United States, New Zealand and Australia. The author argues that this growing issue has not yet been accorded the attention it deserves. Therefore, it remains almost absent from the research studies. The author therefore covers the incidence, definitional issues as well as potential effects of cyber bullying and the possible intervention and prevention strategies.

Patricia W. A., Robin K. & Susan L. (2007). Students’ Perspectives on Cyber Bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health Vol.41(6) Supplement, Pages S59–S60, December 2007,

The authors conducted this study with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the effect or impact that cyber bullying has on students as well as the possible way for preventing messages that target parents, educators and students. The authors interviewed a total of 148 high and middle school students by holding focus groups in a public school district. The length of the focus groups was 45 minutes. Gender was used to divide the students. A same-gender counselor then asked them a series of scripted questions. According to the student’s comments obtained from the focus groups, students, mainly females consider cyber bullying as an issue that is rarely discussed at school. The students also do not consider the school district personnel as important and helpful resources when tackling with cyber bullying. Currently, students experience most of the instances of cyber bullying outside the school. The authors however, claim that there is still some impact at school. The students in this study managed to suggest some fundamental strategies for tackling cyber bullying. However, they were less likely to know the strategies of requesting the removal of websites that are objectionable as well as the way to respond as a helpful bystander when one witnesses a cruel online behavior. The authors concluded that the school districts need to address cyber bullying menace through a combination of information and policies that are shared with parents and students. Schools need to include cyber bullying in their bullying prevention strategies. They also need to include classroom lessons that cover bystander and reporting behavior.

Tolga A., Sinem S., Aysegul U., Sevda S., Songul C., Nesrin Y., & Cemil M. (2008). Cyberbullying among Turkish Adolescents. CyberPsychology & Behavior.11(3): 253- 261. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0016.

These authors argue that cyber bullying, which refers to the harassment via the use of communication and information technology like the internet and cell phones is an emerging and growing phenomenon all around the globe. Extensive and wide research on bullying and aggression is guiding the way the educators understand cyber bullying. However, the gap between technological advancement and the shortage of study on cyber bullying implies that there is need for more research to be done to understand the scope of cyber bullying. So as to fill the gap in research literature, the authors surveyed 269 Turkish students in their secondary schools on their coping strategies as well as engagement in cyber bullying. The outcomes reveal that 35.7% of the Turkish students showed bully behaviors. On the other hand, 23.8% of the students showed bully-victim behaviors. Of these, only 5.9% were victims. In terms of gender, more boys showed bully-victim, victim and bully behaviors than girls. When cyber bullied, 25 percent of the students said they tell their parents and peers about the incident while 30.6 percent said they find active solutions like blocking the harasser.

References:

Faye M., Michael S., & Steven S. (2009).Ongoing and online: Children and youth's perceptions of cyber bullying. Children and Youth Services Review. Vol.31 (12) December 2009, Pages 1222–1228

Francine D., Catherine B., & Trijntje V. (2008). Cyber bullying: Youngsters' Experiences and Parental Perception. CyberPsychology & Behavior. April 2008, 11(2): 217-223. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0008

Marilyn A. C. (2005).Cyber Bullying: An Old Problem in a New Guise? Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling. Vol.15 (01) / July 2005, pp 68-76

Patricia W. A., Robin K. & Susan L. (2007). Students’ Perspectives on Cyber Bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health Vol.41(6) Supplement, Pages S59–S60.

Tolga A., Sinem S., Aysegul U., Sevda S., Songul C., Nesrin Y., & Cemil M. (2008). Cyberbullying among Turkish Adolescents. CyberPsychology & Behavior.11(3): 253- 261. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0016.