do it as soon as possible be sure it must be perfect

Abstract:

This article is about a study that I conducted to determine the best intensity of light for the rate/efficiency of photosynthesis. The method of the study was on spinach plant’s leaf for photosynthesis rate at different intensities of light. The method adopted to determine the best intensity for photosynthesis was to see the number of discs of spinach plant for each minute at different light intensities 75w, 100w, 135w, and 150w. After careful study we come to know at 100 watt of light is photosynthesis starts and continues to increase as the power of the light increases.

Introduction:

Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy which is later converted into different formats by different plants. Photosynthesis is very basic process which causes to make life on the earth. Since plants are the basic source of energy and plants are the basic stage of food chain, we eat plants, and animals eat plants too, so if there is no plant, it is hard to find food for human, and for other animals. It is very important to know about the situation or the intensity of light at which the rate of photosynthesis is maximum. Rate of photosynthesis varies at different intensities of light, it is even do not starts at 75watt of light it begins to start very slightly from 100 watt and continues increasing continuously as the power of light increases continuously.

Material and method:

The procedure involved determining the no of discs of spinach plant flying at different intensity of light, more the number of flying disc per minute indicates the rate of photosynthesis for a particular intensity of light. To calculate the rate of photosynthesis at different intensity of light, discs from the green part of a leaf of the spinach plant, 4 syringe, 2 lamp, 4 different intensity of bulb, 75w, 100w, and 150w, soap, sodium bicarbonate, meter ruler, and timer are required.

Procedure:

25 discs from the green part (to ensure the sufficient no of chlorophyll presence) of a leaf of the spinach plant were cut for each syringe. Inside of each syringe there was about about 25 discs of spinach plant. Then 3 drops of soap was mixed into the syringe along with 10 ml of sodium bicarbonate to ensure the presence of inside of the syringe. The air was forced out of the syringe to make all the discs going to the bottom. Then the light was set up at a distance of 25 cm away from the syringe and the timer was set up to record the number of discs flying per minutes for different intensities of light by changing the different watts of bulb. The data was recorded for number of discs flying per minute at different intensities of light per minute.

Results:

	100 watt	135 watt	150 watt
Average rate	21.5	14	12
Rate (d/min)	1.16	1.79	2.08

The above table is the record observed while doing the experiment this is based on the number of the discs flying for different intensities of light as on 100w, 135w, 150w. The above record is the average number of discs flying per minutes for a particular intensity of light.

The above graph shows the number of discs flying at different intensity of light that is at 100w, 135w, and 150w here for 100 watt it is minimum and 150 watt is maximum.

This graph shows the number of discs floating per minutes and the different symbols shows different intensity of the light used for the experiment.

DISCUSSION

For photosynthesis light is very important factor to determine the rate of photosynthesis. From above experiment we can say that to initiate the photosynthesis 75 watt is too low to even start the photosynthesis as no any disc starts floating as this intensity of the light. As intensity of light increased to100 very few of disc starts floating it indicates that the photosynthesis process have initiated at this intensity of light. And at the 135 watt and 150 watt of light process continuously keeps increasing article (Wickliff, J.L. and Chasson, R.M. 1964. Measurement of photosynthesis in plant tissues using bicarbonate solutions. Bioscience, 14: 32-33) supports this in this article about The Floating Leaf Disk Assay For Investigating Photosynthesis the rate of photosynthesis increases up to 175 watt and after that slope remain same angle and again it starts increasing beyond 800 watt of light. So the process of photosynthesis is directly related to the intensity of light falling on the leafs in the journal (Steucek, Guy L. Robert J. Hill and Class/Summer 1982. 1985. Photosynthesis I: An Assay Utilizing Leaf Disks. The American Biology Teacher, 47(2):96-99) showing that photosynthesis is directly proportional to the intensity of light.

(Greenler, John. 1990. Exploring Photosynthesis with Fast Plants. Wisconsin) as the photosynthesis rate at different intensity of light supports the experimental results.

(Richard, David S. Measure of Photosynthetic Rate in Spinach Leaf Disks) .The rate of photosynthesis increases as intensity of light increases and and it stops as intensity of light falls below 100 watt intensity of light. Rate of photosynthesis increases once intensity goes above 100 watt and falls below when the intensity reduces below this level of light. Rukes, Kari L. and Timothy J.Mulkey. 1994. Measurement on the Effects of Light Quality and Other Factors on the Rate of Photosynthesis. Bioscene, 20(3): 7-11. From this experiment, the rate of photo synthesis remains almost 0.00 till 100 watt of light intensity after 100 watt it goes increasing and slope remains constant up to 800 watt then again slope increases a little bit. And keeps increasing with increase of intensity of light.. In the experiment photosynthesis rate would have been more if 175 or 200 watt of bulb would have been used. So photosynthesis process is directly proportional with the intensity of light in the presence of all other necessary requirement for photosynthesis.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In this experiment, Wasjorge, Wesam, Chris, and Chan working together. Professor Mec Nulty explained how to do the experiment, and the assisting for the professor Naomi direct me how to organize the paper.

References

Hall, D. & Rao, K. (1999). Photosynthesis. Cambridge, UK New York: Cambridge University Press.

Blankenship, R. (2002). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis. Oxford Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.

Lawlor, D. (2001). Photosynthesis. Oxford England New York: Bios Springer.

Najafpour, M. (2012). Advanced in photosynthesis - fundamental aspects. Rijeka: InTech.

Silverstein, A., Silverstein, V. & Nunn, L. (2008). Photosynthesis. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books.

100 135 150 1.159999999999999 1.7900000000000003 2.08

Light Intensity (watts)

Rate of Photosynthesis (discs/min)

75W 1' 2' 3' 4' 5' 6' 7' 8' 9' 10' 11' 12' 13' 14' 15' 16' 17' 18' 19' 20' 21' 22' 23' 24' 25' 26' 27' 28' 29' 30' 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 100W 1' 2' 3' 4' 5' 6' 7' 8' 9' 10' 11' 12' 13' 14' 15' 16' 17' 18' 19' 20' 21' 22' 23' 24' 25' 26' 27' 28' 29' 30' 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 0 0 2 4 0 3 135W 1' 2' 3' 4' 5' 6' 7' 8' 9' 10' 11' 12' 13' 14' 15' 16' 17' 18' 19' 20' 21' 22' 23' 24' 25' 26' 27' 28' 29' 30' 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 6 2 2 4 1 1 2 2 150W 1' 2' 3' 4' 5' 6' 7' 8' 9' 10' 11' 12' 13' 14' 15' 16' 17' 18' 19' 20' 21' 22' 23' 24' 25' 26' 27' 28' 29' 30' 0 2 2 2 2 4 3 2 4 1 1 2

Minutes

Number of leaf discs floated