week 6 QNT 561

Business Research Project Part 5:

Research Report

Alexis Madera, Christopher Lauko, Cristina Linares,

Marina Garcia, & Sarah Maokosy

QNT/561

August 4, 2014

Jonathan Edelman

Research Report

Due to the new fitness and health awareness fad, gym memberships are growing rapidly. In order to better understand the demographics and cater to the needs of gym members, research is required. Fitness Gymnasium is a large fitness gym in Lincoln, Nebraska. Members of Learning Team A are a part of the management team. The management team has been tasked to provide health and wellness checkups for 40 random female gym members.

The purpose of this research is to obtain an overall understanding of the female demographics of the gym.  The results of this research will provide Fitness Gymnasium with enough information to create fitness programs based on the needs of its female members.  Blood pressure is an important variable to consider before allowing customers to obtain gym memberships. Varying results have been observed amongst the Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index (BMI) of female gym members.

Hypothesis

H0: There is no correlation between an applicant's BP and their BMI.

Ha: There is a correlation between an applicant's BP and their BMI.

Study

The purpose of this study is to find a correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure (BP). Studies have shown those who have an above average BMI are more likely to have long term health problems such as high BP or hypertension. BMI is the calculation of a person's weight and height, and provides a reliable indicator of body fat in a person (Centers for Disease Control, 2013). BP is the measurement of the force of blood running through veins and arteries, which is measured in two numbers as a ratio: Systolic and Diastolic (S/D) (American Heart Association, 2014). According to a past research study, those who increased their BMI also increased their BP, which put them at risk of hypertension (Droyvold, Midthjell, Nilsen, & Holmen, 2005). From this, Fitness Gymnasium will create a program with the needs and the well-being of its female members in mind.

Population and Size

The current population and size is the amount of gym members. Fitness Gymnasium’s population is the amount of all male and female gym members, which is 100 members. With that being said, the population for Fitness Gymnasium is all male and female gym members, and the size is 100 members.

Target Population and Sample Size

The current target population for the gym is female gym members. At Fitness Gymnasium, the current percentage of female members is 50% of 100 total gym members, which makes the target population 50 females. For Fitness Gymnasium, the sample size is 40 using a 95% confidence level, 5% margin of error with a target population of 40 females (Appendix A).

Assessment/Survey

Fitness Gymnasium created the following survey to observe the correlation between a member’s BMI and BP. The members that were surveyed were that of different age, nationality, height, and weight. This enabled Fitness Gymnasium to get a true sample based off of their female members. See survey in Appendix A.

Simple Random Sampling

With this type of research, simple random sampling would be the best method since it deals with the observation of data from a small gym. Simple random sample is a sample of a larger population. The participants of the survey will be chosen randomly to ensure there is no preference involved other than female respondents.

Data collection

The assessment is a simple health and wellness checkup, and will not damage a respondent’s health in any way. The employee will check the gym membership card and number to ensure correct identification. The employee will also take the respondent’s height, weight, BP ratio, and BMI measurements to ensure it is accurate.

Validity and Reliability

Validity and reliability will be achieved through the monitoring and classification of data. The survey will be completed on a computer to ensure there is no data duplication. An employee of the gym will randomly ask 40 female gym members to complete the survey. Those who complete the survey will receive $25 off their next month’s membership. This will engage the respondents and ensure participation.

Storage of Data

All data from the assessment/survey will be stored on the company’s laptop. Both the laptop and the excel spreadsheet will be locked and will require a password for access. Only those who are conducting the research study will have the password.

Sampling Design

This sampling design will provide a researcher enough information to replicate the assessment/survey study Fitness Gymnasium has created. The purpose of this research study is to find the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure (BP) ratio. The information obtained will enable the gym to accommodate the needs of its female gym members through the creation of new programs.

Data Analysis

BMI (Body Mass Index)

Distribution: Is normally distributed

See the histogram in Appendix B, scatterplot in Appendix C, and descriptive statistics in Appendix D

Systolic – Blood Pressure

Distribution: Is normally distributed

See the histogram in Appendix B, scatterplot in Appendix C, and descriptive statistics in Appendix D

Diastolic – Blood Pressure

Distribution: Is normally distributed

See the histogram in Appendix B, scatterplot in Appendix C, and descriptive statistics in Appendix D

Interpretation

Body Mass Index (BMI)

The data was significantly skewed to the right. Forty subjects were randomly selected. Their overall BMI was observed between 17.7 and 44.9. Their average BMI was 25.740, with a variation of plus or minus 6. There is 95% confidence that the population BMI average is between 23.768 and 27.712.

Blood Pressure – Systolic (Top number measuring pressure in the arteries)

The data was significantly skewed to the right. Forty subjects were randomly selected. Their systolic was observed between 89 and 181. Their average systolic was 110.80, with a variation of plus or minus 17. There is 95% confidence that the population systolic average is between 105.33 and 116.27.

Blood Pressure – Diastolic (bottom number measuring pressure in the arteries)

The data was skewed to the right. Forty subjects were randomly selected. Their diastolic was observed between 41 and 102. Their average diastolic was 67.43, with a variation of plus or minus 11. There is 95% confidence that the population diastolic average is between 63.71 and 71.14.

***Need to update LT A WK 5 paper after it has been graded and there is feedback***

***NEED TO ADD WK 5 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT PAPER for highest team member grade*** (+350 words)

Recommendations (100 words)

 Recommendations based on the results

Observations (200 words)

 Observations (reflection) on the business problem and its solution

Challenges (200 words)

· Research challenges your team experienced in this study

Minimization steps (200 words)

· Steps to minimize challenges in future research

Suggestions (200 words)

· Suggested future research based on your research results, challenges, and implications

Conclusion (100 words)

Appendix A

Fitness Assessment/Survey

1. Name:

2. Membership #:

3. Age:

4. Nationality:

5. Height:

6. Weight:

7. Blood Pressure (BP) ratio= Systolic/Diastolic:

8. Body Mass Index (BMI):

Sample Size Calculation

95% Confidence Level= 1.96 N=50 ME= 5%= 0.05 p=50%= 0.5

n= sample size

n= [ (N(Z^2)*(p(1-p)) / ((N-1)ME^2+((Z^2)* (p(1-p))]

n= [ (50((3.8416)*(0.5*0.5)) / ((99*0.0025)+(3.8416*(0.5*0.5))]

n= [ (50(3.8416*0.25) / (0.2475+(3.8416*0.25))]

n= [ (50*0.9604) / (0.2475+0.9604)]

n= [ 48.02 / 1.2079]

n= 39.7549466 (round to the nearest whole number)

n= 40

Appendix B

Raw data used in the analysis

.

Appendix C

Charts and Tables

Appendix D

Descriptive Statistics

References

American Heart Association. (2014). High blood pressure. Retrieved from

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/AboutHighBloodPressure/misunderstandings_301764_Article.jsp

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Body mass index. Retrieved from

http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/

Droyvold, W.B., Midthjell, K., Nilsen, T.I.L., & Holmen, J. (2005, 06). Change in body mass

index and its impact on blood pressure: a prospective population study. International Journal of Obesity, 29(6), 650-655. ProQuest.

Histogram

BMI

Percent

Histogram

SYS

Percent

Histogram

DIAS

Percent

Scatterplot BMI versus Systolic

19.600000000000001 23.8 19.600000000000001 29.1 25.2 21.4 22 27.5 33.5 20.6 29.9 17.7 24 28.9 37.700000000000003 18.3 19.8 29.8 29.7 31.7 23.8 44.9 19.2 28.7 28.5 19.3 31 25.1 22.8 30.9 26.5 21.2 40.6 21.9 26 23.5 22.8 20.7 20.5 21.9 104 99 102 114 94 101 108 104 123 93 89 112 107 116 181 98 100 127 107 116 97 155 106 110 105 118 133 113 113 107 95 108 114 104 125 124 92 119 93 106

BMI

SYS

Scatterplot BMI versus Diastolic

19.600000000000001 23.8 19.600000000000001 29.1 25.2 21.4 22 27.5 33.5 20.6 29.9 17.7 24 28.9 37.700000000000003 18.3 19.8 29.8 29.7 31.7 23.8 44.9 19.2 28.7 28.5 19.3 31 25.1 22.8 30.9 26.5 21.2 40.6 21.9 26 23.5 22.8 20.7 20.5 21.9 61 64 65 76 58 66 61 41 72 61 56 62 48 62 102 61 53 74 67 71 64 85 59 70 69 82 83 75 66 67 59 72 79 73 73 85 46 81 64 64

BMI

DIAS