Biology 101 Exam

Which characteristic of water protects fish when a lake freezes?

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You have a solution that has a pH of 8 and need it to be pH 5. What do you do?

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What characteristic of carbon makes it a good backbone for creating diverse and durable molecules?

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Which of the following structures can be found together in eukaryotic cells?

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Which of the following reactions or pathways is catabolic?

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In a metabolic pathway, a typical control mechanism is to have: ________

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Mitosis results in ______ cells and meiosis results in _______ cells.

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In beans yellow (Y) is dominant to green (y) and smooth (S) is dominant to wrinkled (s). What are the possible genotypes for the offspring of the following cross: YySS and YYSs.

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Red rose color is incompletely dominant over white rose color. If a red rose is crossed with a pink rose, what percentage of the offspring will be pink?

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One of the products of cellular respiration is ________. 

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An ecologist is studying all the animals, plants, fungi and bacteria, as well as the interaction among them, in a forest? He is studying the _________ in the forest.

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The temperature optimum for an enzyme is 37C. What will most likely happen if you increase the temperature from 37C to 50C?

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When celery is placed in a glass of pure water the solution inside its cells is _____ compared to the water.  

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An ecosystem can be characterized as:

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In October of 2003, a raging wildfire swept through the mountain ecosystems in Southern California, burning everything in its path to the ground and driving away all of the animals. In order for the mountain ecosystem to re-establish itself, which member of the food web has to return first?

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Carbohydrates are not

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A primary consumer would eat:

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Diffusion is

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Any individual organism has the potential to adapt to its environment, if it is given enough time and possesses a mechanism to generate variation.

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Humans are more likely to be infected by viruses after the viruses had a chance to multiply outside the body on surfaces touched by infected people.

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Once an adaptation appears, it remains in all the descendants unless the species becomes extinct

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During a time when resources are abundant, one would not expect much evolutionary change to happen. 

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When a founder population has a small gene pool, evolutionary change is more likely to be rapid than if the founder population has a large gene pool.

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When speciation occurs, the result is a dramatic change in the new species.

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When two groups are reproductively isolated, it can be predicted that speciation will soon follow. 

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Fossil evidence suggests that human ancestors arose one time in Africa.

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Levels of ultraviolet light influences vitamin D production is humans. 

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Mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells are very similar to prokaryotes

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Organisms that live in habitats with high levels of competition are more likely to produce defensive chemicals than those that live with little competition.

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The human population may continue to increase even though it surpasses carrying capacity. 

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Scientific studies suggest that the many organs susceptible to cancer as a result of smoking, the kidneys and bladder are exceptions, showing no differences in cancer rates as compared to non-smokers.

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A woman’s ovum will complete Meiosis II only, if fertilization has occurred.

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One human disease is caused by a change in the DNA from GAA to GUA.  This change is an example of: 

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The main function of a ribosome is to ____________________. 

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The effectiveness of a medication containing growth hormone is tested on a group of young male rabbits 3 weeks of age. The best control group would be:  

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The number of _______________ in the outer shell of an atom determines the type of chemical bonds an atom can make. 

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You find a cell of a type you have never seen before.  The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall.  Therefore, you conclude, it must be a _______________ cell. 

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The gene pool of a population may change due to: 

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1. 1.     You have read that inorganic fertilizers contribute to water pollution and would like to make a switch from inorganic fertilizers to organic compost in your vegetable garden. A friend graciously gives you a truck load of his compost. As a good researcher and critical thinker you are not convinced that organic compost will yield the same results as the inorganic fertilizer you have used for years with good results. To draw your own conclusion based on scientific evidence you decide to conduct an experiment in your garden. State a good hypothesis, design an experiment (include test subjects, sample size, control(s), dependent and independent variables, type of data collected) and hypothetical results/conclusion. Does your conclusion support the hypothesis? 

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1. 1.     The habitat of one species of tropical fish is red coral reefs.  The large majority of the fish in this population are red. A few individual fish carry a mutation that prevents the production of the red pigment; as a result these individual fish are white. The temperature of the ocean where these fish live gets warmer and warmer over a 10 year period, and as a result the coral is bleached and turns white. Use what you have learned about natural selection to explain how this bleaching event may have affected the evolution this fish population (not including possible direct effects of warmer temperatures on the fish). Include the following terms in your explanation: differential reproduction, beneficial trait, allele frequency, selection pressure, evolution. 

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1. Describe the major land biome where you live. How have human activities changed the landscape and how has this affected native species? Include specific examples. 

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1. 1.     You scoop up a water sample from a local pond nearby, because you are curious about the possible microbes that might live there. After looking at several slides that held drops of the sample, you noticed two different kinds of cells: One kind was very small and had no separate internal structures; the other kind was much larger, and it contained several kinds of internal structures that were physically different from each other. Please name each cell and briefly describe their overall similarities and differences.

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