HUM440 M5A1
dm120709
m3a2_186-1.pptxYou did a great job pulling all this information together. An integrated PowerPoint presentation must focus on simple clarity. See my comments in your-PowerPoint. Persuasion begins with capturing your audience, keeping their attention and letting them leave with a call to action. Keep the issue in focus with simple direct premises key words, tight reasoning, and a simple, clear call to action. Reasoning is your rational sifting. Clear rational sifting straight to the point connects the premises with the conclusion.
The audience will find a reason to think of other things. Do not offer dense and complex slides giving your audience reason to daydream. Each slide key word or a key question aims at your call to action. Frame the issue that drives the sifting to the possible conclusion that inspires the call to action. Isolate the moral dilemma show how the conclusion follows from your premises. Keep this in mind when building PowerPoint slides:
Build slides from keywords.
Simple is more.
Explain your argument with keyword slides.
Put your details in the notes.
If you get them to remember the keywords you succeeded.
Build the call to action from the key words.
Rubric Comments:
You identified your issue and you provide an explanation. However, the explanations focused exclusively on one argument for banning cell phones and provided none of the liberty arguments for leaving citizens alone with their phone. Not everyone with a cell phone camera violates the liberty of others. No slides we’re used to identify several different conclusions regarding the top or use particular for playing particular attention to how the different conclusion used the facts differently. Summarizing the evidence for each of the different conclusions shows how the evidence supported each of these different conclusions connects different attitudes towards liberty and paternalism allowing the audience to make an informed choice.
In contrast your presentation was a beautiful series of colorful slides for the information where it needs to be follow through and does not have a list of in text or list of cited references.
Rubric review of the Power Point slides:
See comments in the PPT
Explain the issue and provide definitions of common terms involved in the issue. --Good
Identify and describe several different conclusions that are drawn when arguments related to the issue are made. – Positive and negative use of camera slides??
Summarize the kinds of evidence typically used for each constructed argument related to the issue. Be sure to discuss the reasons these kinds of evidence are used and/or are most effective.—This is not obvious even if done.
Analyze how each of the different conclusions regarding the topic use particular evidence to support their claims, paying particular attention to analyzing how the conclusions rely on different facts, different sources of evidence, or different reasoning from other conclusions. .—This is not obvious even if done.
Analysis of commonalities and themes amongst evidence.—OK
Organization: Introduction, Transitions, Conclusion .—OK
Style: Tone, Audience, Word Choice .—OK
Usage and Mechanics: Grammar, Spelling, Sentence structure .—OK
APA Elements: Attribution, Paraphrasing, Quotations when appropriate or assigned .—OK
Topics and general issues:
Should people under 18 be subjected to legal curfews or restricted driving privileges?
How does passing a multiple-choice test and a structured driving test prepare new drivers for the road?
Experience is the single most important element for developing mastery of any task that we humans engage. Drivers harm others less often when they have experience driving with the multitude. The reality is you learn to drive on the highway in the city not from a driver’s test and multiple-choice questions. If we don’t build system for our young drivers to gain experience we should not be surprised at the number of them we send to their death, because we have not created a system that trains with the experience necessary to be careful drivers.
Should libraries be required to install filtering software or otherwise censor the materials that they provide?
How is filtering an expression of paternalism denial of liberty?
How can don’t filter determine whether or not search is malicious helpful?
Should insurance companies in your state be required to pay for breast reconstruction, birth control pills, or Viagra?
Are the costs compatible with premium?
Is this a subsidy for an availability issue?
4. Should the use of camera phones be banned in local gymnasiums or other locations?
I would be legislate use of camera phones based on the behavior of a few?
Why do we identify a right to privacy in public areas?
If a club creates bylaws restrict camera phones why object you can choose a different club.
Principals that you are likely to apply to each of the above topics
Paternalism –Takes away personal autonomy by claiming the power or right to choose for another. Parents exercise paternalism over their children when they decide the child is adding emotional bias or other factors that make an informed choice unlikely or impossible. The government does the same thing when it takes away liberty or autonomy. The ban on 32-ounce sugar based drinks is a legislative decision that parents and adults are not making good decisions about sugar consumption. How does this apply to each of the above paper topics?
Liberty – The right Autonomy to choose your own mistakes and suffer the consequences or enjoy the rewards. In many respects the opposite of paternalism.
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Legal Curfews on Minors Debate
Legal Curfews
Module 3 LASA 1
Argosy University
9/00/2014
Legal Curfews: Juvenile Curfews
Curfew definition: “A curfew is a law, regulation, or ordinance that forbids particular people or particular classes of people from being outdoors in public places at certain specified times of the day.” (thelegaldictionary.freedictionary.com, 2014).
Juveniles are essentially in place to prevent minors 18 and under or in rare cases under 21, to be out during night hours, for health and safety reasons.
More specifically, these laws have been set in place so as to prevent occurrences of juvenile crime and maintain social order . Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
Within our society, individuals under the age of 18 are considered minors and therefore have adults often legally making important life decisions for them. Additionally such individuals are at times, are subject to legal curfew’s they must abide by, per example in San Diego, California, minors 17 and under are not authorized to be out without adult supervision between the hours of 10pm and 6 am.(sandiego.gov, 2014). Furthermore, according to thelegaldictionary.freedictionary.com, a curfew is bets defined as “A curfew is a law, regulation, or ordinance that forbids particular people or particular classes of people from being outdoors in public places at certain specified times of the day.” (thelegaldictionary.freedictionary.com, 2014). Additionally, the-legaldictionary.freddictionary.com, continues to point out that curfews are in place in order to promote safer neighborhoods, and reduce the chances of juvenile criminal activity at night as presented and sustained in the Schleifer v. City of Charlottesville, 159 F.3d 843 (4th Cir. 1998)., legal case. Generally speaking, curfews in most states are enacted on a state and local level, in order to discourage un supervised juvenile attendance during night hours, in order to ensure juvenile safety and address juvenile mischievous conduct.
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Controversial Arguments Against Juvenile Curfew
Juvenile curfews violate the First amendment and are therefore is unconstitutional.
In most cases, our juvenile curfew laws offer “exceptions”, for when a juvenile maybe out, however such exemptions make curfew laws vague and difficult to understand.
“narrowly tailored, curfews must complement or enhance parental authority, not challenge or usurp it” (Blaue, 2007).
Better----Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
However, as with most laws, controversy surrounds this subject matter as well. The First Amendment does not support curfews for minors. In the majority of state curfew laws, however, there are various exemptions to when a juvenile is exempt from curfew, ie as seen in San Diego, one exemption is applicable when a minor is accompanied by parent or guardian. (sandiego.gov, 2014) . As a result of varied exemptions, some would argue such curfew laws are very vague and do not generally provide a complete and clear picture of when the law should take effect. An example of this is once again drawn from San Diego’s curfew exemption which is as follows “Exercising or returning home from exercising, without any detour or stop” (sandiego.gov, 2014). The definition, does not further clarify “exercise” as for some exercise may simply be power walking around the block, leaving a grey area for enforcement. In this regard, there is an issue of unwarranted government interference with the rights of the parents in controlling how their children are brought up (Brank & Scott, 2014). Furthermore, according to Daniel M. Blaue who in his extensive report titled “Juvenile Curfews: Constitutional Concerns
and Recommended Remedies” states the following “narrowly tailored, curfews must complement or enhance parental authority, not challenge or usurp it” (Blaue, 2007). Essentially one of additional arguments made against juvenile curfews are that at times they maybe restrictive and intrusive into parenting styles by the government, further intruding on citizens rights.
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Conclusion One
Per the United States constitution, all citizens are afforded the same rights, without mention of age restriction. (umn.edu, 2014).
The constitution prohibits any state laws enforced which lead to limitation of some individual rights otherwise protected under the U.S. constitution.
Therefore, juvenile curfews infringe upon citizen rights, as even the juveniles have the right to free movement under the U.S. Constitution. (umn.edu, 2014). . Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
As per article titled “All Amendments to the United States Constitution” courtesy of the University of Minnesota, presents all of the amendments of the constitution, where at no point does it mention that juveniles shall not be afforded the same rights as adults. Furthermore, the constitution prohibits any state laws enforced which lead to limitation of some individual rights under the constitution. The constitution states, “All persons born or naturalized in the US and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law, which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens in the United States. Nor shall any state deprive a person of life liberty or pursuit of happiness. Nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction equal protection of the laws.”(umn.edu, 2014). Hence any law or curfew limiting juvenile freedom of movement and expression is unconstitutional.
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Conclusion Two
Apart from being unconstitutional, curfews are not effective solution to juvenile delinquency reduction rates.
Limited research suggests that there is no direct link between areas that have observed reduction in juvenile crime rates as correlating to curfew enforcement. (Joyner, 2011)
Targeting poor neighborhoods shows bias for enforcement of curfew making the law unjust.(Vines, 2007) . Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
Conclusion two:
Apart from being unconstitutional, curfews are not effectively able to significantly lower juvenile delinquency. According to Chris Joyner who wrote “ Limited Studies Show Teen Curfews Ineffective”, points out that recent studies have shown no positive correlation between delinquency rates in juveniles and curfew enforcement. Additionally Joyner does suggest that a recent study by a study conducted at Berkley University, by Patrick Kline, did suggest a small, 10% decrease, curb in juvenile crime rate as a result of curfews. However the study, as Joyner points out, only examines a small time frame, and does not take into account all juvenile socio-economic backgrounds rendering the study overall ineffective. Furthermore, there does not appear to be a direct link between age and delinquency rates as a result of curfew, despite a select few locations which may have experienced slight reductions in youth crimes. Additional argument against curfew is made by Sarah Viren who in her Houston Chronicles article titled “Youths aren’t the only ones opposing curfews” points out that “(Police) tend to target a specific area because of crime and they go into that area to go after curfew violations”(Viren, 2007). Essentially Vinnes point’s out that such high crime areas are often in lower income neighborhoods, clearly suggesting a bias for enforcement of curfew laws. Therefore further making the argument against curfews being an ineffective law as it shows clear bias through enforcement.
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Conclusion Three
From the psychologists’ point of view, curfews are not always effective in preventing crime.
Minors begin to lose trust in local law enforcement creating less communication between community and local police.
Curfews have the potential of influencing criminal behavior through association. (proyouthpages.com, 2001).
. Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
Conclusion three
Drawing from a purely psychological stand point curfew enforcement may actually have an adverse effect on youth mentality. In fact, a website dedicated to youth rights called proyouthpages.com, states the following “Psychologists tell us a person is more likely to become a criminal if he can first picture himself as a criminal”(proyouthpages.com,2001). Additionally the argument being made is, if an otherwise law abiding juvenile gets arrested for curfew violation, it is likely, from a psychological perspective, that such a youth may begin to perceive themselves as a criminal which can actually lead to further criminal misbehavior. This can also potentially lead to overall mistrust of law enforcement and can lead to further disconnect between being law enforcement and the community, creating a much more dangerous environment to live in.
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Final Anti-Curfew Conclusions Review
The argument made that curfews are unconstitutional may influence local governments to review and compare local laws against amendments, eventually realizing that curfews violate young US citizens freedoms.
The second conclusion is that research has proven curfews to be ineffective, despite slight decreases in small numbers of cities as a result of curfews, research maybe ineffective as not all socioeconomic backgrounds are necessarily taken into consideration.
The third conclusion is that based from the psychological stand point, being that curfews may eventually do more harm than good through distorted youth self image as a result of curfew violations
. Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
In the above three conclusions, there was sufficient evidence being shown supporting anti-curfew arguments. For example in the first argument, stating that curfews are unconstitutional, can be made with validity, as the constitution clearly ensures equal rights for all it’s citizens yet it does not mention age of when does rights may take effect. Therefore, curfews essentially go against the constitution by restricting juvenile freedom of movement. The government should base its decisions on the constitution. The second conclusion shows various evidence supporting the claim that curfews simply are not effective enough in preventing juvenile delinquency. This has been shown through various mentions of research, as well as a look at a recent 10% decrease of delinquency as one study has shown, which was only later discredited as it was unable to study a broader spectrum of juvenile backgrounds to form solid data. The third conclusion is based off of a psychological stand point. Essentially the third conclusion points out that curfews may actually make some law abiding juveniles label themselves as criminals as a result of juvenile enforcement, which may create an increased crime rate in the long run, and decrease the channels of communication local law enforcement has with the community it has been sworn to protect as a result of heightened police mistrust.
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Analysis of the Opposing Group Issues
In the primary conclusion, the argument is being made that all citizens are afforded the same rights under the constitution.
In the second conclusion which argues that curfew has been ineffective. Citing from empirical research, most juvenile crime take place between 3 p.m. to around 8 p.m. and thus, placing curfew between 10 p.m. to dawn is unnecessary.
The third conclusion among this group is the aspect of psychologists’ advice against curfews. The reasoning for this group is that police sometimes harass young people, and falsely label them as criminals. (Brank & Scott, 2014).
. Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
Analysis: Opposing Group
In our conclusion that curfews are unconstitutional, the opposing group does not support curfews as they clearly violate constitutional rights of juveniles. The group’s reasoning is that all US citizens are equal in their rights, and therefore juveniles should not be restricted access to their rights by curfews. In the second conclusion which argues that curfew has been ineffective, the group uses recent research, to point out that curfews are not very effective on a grand scheme of things when it comes to juvenile recidivism rates. The third conclusion points out how otherwise law abiding youth, may have negative interaction and impression of law enforcement through curfew enforcement. Therefore, this can lead to negative youth self image, promote crime, and lessen police communication capabilities within the community.
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Analysis of the Supporting group
The first conclusion counter argument is that juvenile curfews have nothing to do with constitutional rights. (Schleifer v. City of Charlottesville, 1997).
The supporting group states that on the contrary to the opposing group, curfews are very effective in preventing youth criminal activity. (Seith, 2001)
The supporting group argues that though curfews may not fully prevent crime, they can certainly keep youth out of becoming crime victims.(Badea, 2012)
. Slides dense with text tend to bore the audience. Build your slides with images and keywords. Save the dense data for the notes.
Analysis: Supporting Group.
The first conclusion, as Adam Newton who wrote “Curfews Loitering and Freedom of Association”, points out that though freedom of assembly does exist, some exceptions are valid. This exceptions as Newton pointed out are seen in such cases as the Schleifer v. City of Charlottesville, a 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals 1997, legal battle, where essentially the conclusion of the case pointed out that curfew laws are exempt from the first amendment if “promote the general welfare and protect the general public through the reduction of juvenile violence and crime within the City; (ii) promote the safety and well-being of the City's youngest citizens, . . . whose inexperience renders them particularly vulnerable to becoming participants in unlawful activities, particularly unlawful drug activities” (Schleifer v. City of Charlottesville, 1997). Essentially stating that, youth may not always have the life experience necessary to form good decisions, and therefore curfews are legal if intended to reduce juvenile violence, and ensure welfare as well as security of it’s citizens. The second conclusion is that curfews are ineffective, but the supporting group argues otherwise. The group suggests that there have been successful studies conducted proving that curfews are in fact effective. A report by Robert Seith, titled “Curfews Can reduce Crime”, reports that a poll of 800 cities nationwide has shown a 55% drop in overall youth gang activity, as a direct result of curfew implementation. The third supporting group argument points out that according to a recent article by Liana Badea, titled “ Are Teen Curfews a Good Idea?”, points out that curfews are extremely effective in lowering youth victimization. As youth are often very naive, and can at times be persuaded into becoming victims of robberies and other crimes as a result of lack of life experience, making youth at higher risk of becoming crime victims at night.
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Resources
Badea, L. (2012, ). Are Teen Curfews A Good Idea?. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/? Are-Teen-Curfews-A-Good- Idea?&id=7317230.
Blau, D. (2007, ). Juvenile Curfews: Constitutional Concerns and Recommended Remedies. Retrieved from http://sogpubs.unc.edu//electronicversions/pg/pgspsm07/article3.pd
Free dictionary, . (2014, ). Curfew. Retrieved from http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Curfew.
Findacase.com, . (1997, ). SCHLEIFER v. CITY OF CHARLOTTESVILLE . Retrieved from http://va.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19970430_0000023.WVA.htm/qx.
Joyner, C. (2011, ). Limited studies say teen curfews ineffective. Retrieved from http://www.politifact.com/georgia/statements/2011/jul/22/mike- males/limited-studies-say-teen-curfews- ineffective/. Newton, A. (2002, ). Curfews, loitering & freedom of association. Retrieved from http:// www.firstamendmentcenter.org/curfews- loitering-freedom-of- association.
Proyouthpages. Com, . (2001, ). Curfew Laws. Retrieved from http://proyouthpages.com/curfew.html#11.
San diego, . (2014, ). Exercising Parental Authority Curfew Violations. Retrieved from http://www.sandiego.gov/police/services/prevention/community/parental/curfew.shtml.
University of minnesota, . (2014, ). All Amendments to the United States Constitution. Retrieved from http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/education/all_amendments_usconst.htm.
Viren, S. (2007, ). Youths aren’t the only ones opposing curfews. Retrieved from http:// copwatch.wordpress.com/2007/09/18/teen- daytime-curfew-laws- racist-and-classist/. Seith, R. (2001, ). Curfews Can Reduce Crime. Retrieved from http://www.connectwithkids.com/tipsheet/2001/49_dec05/curfew.html.
Resources
Badea, L. (2012, ). Are Teen Curfews A Good Idea?. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Are-Teen-Curfews-A-Good-Idea?&id=7317230.
Blau, D. (2007, ). Juvenile Curfews: Constitutional Concerns and Recommended Remedies. Retrieved from http://sogpubs.unc.edu//electronicversions/pg/pgspsm07/article3.pd
Free dictionary, . (2014, ). Curfew. Retrieved from http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Curfew.
Findacase.com, . (1997, ). SCHLEIFER v. CITY OF CHARLOTTESVILLE . Retrieved from http://va.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19970430_0000023.WVA.htm/qx.
Joyner, C. (2011, ). Limited studies say teen curfews ineffective. Retrieved from http://www.politifact.com/georgia/statements/2011/jul/22/mike- males/limited-studies-say-teen-curfews-ineffective/. Newton, A. (2002, ). Curfews, loitering & freedom of association. Retrieved from http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/curfews-loitering-freedom-of- association.
Proyouthpages. Com, . (2001, ). Curfew Laws. Retrieved from http://proyouthpages.com/curfew.html#11.
San diego, . (2014, ). Exercising Parental Authority Curfew Violations. Retrieved from http://www.sandiego.gov/police/services/prevention/community/parental/curfew.shtml.
University of minnesota, . (2014, ). All Amendments to the United States Constitution. Retrieved from http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/education/all_amendments_usconst.htm.
Viren, S. (2007, ). Youths aren’t the only ones opposing curfews. Retrieved from http://copwatch.wordpress.com/2007/09/18/teen-daytime-curfew-laws- racist-and-classist/. Seith, R. (2001, ). Curfews Can Reduce Crime. Retrieved from http://www.connectwithkids.com/tipsheet/2001/49_dec05/curfew.html.
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