paper(800 words)

Integrating Quotes Quotes are used to support (or provide evidence for) an interpretation. For this reason, it is best to avoid putting quotes in parts of the paper where you are stating and restating your thesis (theme)--the introduction, topic sentences, and conclusion. It is best to try to use short quotes in your essay, rather than padding it with many long quotes. The quote should include only material relevant to your point and should be edited to eliminate any unneeded material. It is also important to spend time analyzing the quotes you put into your paper. Do not assume you reader will read or interpret the quote the same way you do. Choosing Quotes

 It is often useful to quote if the text meets one of the following qualifications:  The language of the passage is striking;  The passage cannot be paraphrased without misrepresenting or changing its meaning;  The passage strengthens your own ideas or arguments (expert testimony);  The passage is not in prose: diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.

Integrating Quotes--Technical Matters

 When quoting from the article, make sure you include a page number in parentheses with each quote.

Example. Ehrenreich contends that “both sides” of the P.C. debate should “lighten up” (153). Example. She contends that “both sides” of the P.C. debate should “lighten up” (Ehrenreich 153).

 Notice that the quotation marks come before the parentheses and that the period comes after.

Also notice that there isn't a "p." or "pg." with the page number in parentheses and that if the author’s name is not included in the sentence, it must be in the citation

 There are three basic techniques for integrating quoted material.

 You may choose to integrate short phrases from the story into your sentence structure. Example. Ehrenreich contends that “both sides” of the P.C. debate should “lighten up” (153).  You may choose to integrate quotes into your sentence structure using a colon. Normally a

colon introduces a complete sentence from the story. Example. Ehrenreich argues that changing the words people use does not alleviate the problems that underlie their use: “And it’s silly to mistake verbal purification for genuine social reform” (153).

Notice that a complete sentence is also used to introduce the quote. In formal papers, a colon is always preceded by complete sentence.

 You may choose to use a signal phrase to introduce a quote.

Ex. Ehrenreich insists that “when advocates of multiculturalism adopt the haughty stance of political correctness, they quickly descend to silliness or worse” (153). Ex. “*W+hen advocates of multiculturalism adopt the haughty stance of political correctness,” Ehrenreich insists “they quickly descend to silliness or worse” (153). Ex. “*W+hen advocates of multiculturalism adopt the haughty stance of political correctness, they quickly descend to silliness or worse,” Ehrenreich insists (153).

 Note that the signal phrase can precede, interrupt, or follow the borrowed material. A list of

common signal phrases appears on page 600 of Writing: A Guide and p. 206 of the Brief Handbook.