Statistics...

Chapter 1

Question 1 Statistics is the science of conducting studies to a. solve a system of equations. b. hypothesize, experiment, and form conclusions. c. collect, organize, summarize, analyze, and draw conclusions from data. d. monitor, study, and report on a subject.

Question 2 A ____________ is a characteristic or attribute of a subject that can assume different values? a. datum b. variable c. exponent d. sample

Question 3 Variables with values that are determined by chance are called _____________. a. specialized. b. erratic variables. c. random variables. d. inconsistent variables.

Question 4 Each value in a data set may be referred to as either a data value or a(n) _______. a. subdata b. datum c. atom d. point

Question 5 If a weather center monitors and calculates the average number of tornadoes that pass through Topeka, Kansas each year, what type of variable would they be investigating? a. random variable b. controlled variable c. isolated variable d. hypothesis variable

Question 6 Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between a sample and a population a. A sample is a group of populations that are subject to observation. b. A population is a group of samples that may or may not be included in a study. c. A sample is a group of subjects selected from a population to be studied. d. A population and a sample are not related.

Question 7 Which branch of statistics would employ probability to predict how many miles one should be able to drive a 2000 Toyota Celica during its lifetime? a. time series statistics b. descriptive statistics c. inferential statistics d. differential statistics

Question 8 In which branch of statistics would a researcher acquire twenty-five 2000 Toyota Celicas, drive them until they had a major mechanical failure, record the final mileage, and then write a report for Car and Driver? a. predictive statistics b. descriptive statistics c. inferential statistics d. differential statistics

Question 9 What level of measurement classifies data into mutually exclusive categories in which no order or ranking can be imposed on the data? a. nominal b. ordinal c. interval d. ratio

Question 10 What level of measurement allows for the ranking of data, a precise difference between units of measure, and also includes a true zero? a. nominal b. ordinal c. interval d.ratio

Question 11 Classifying the fruit in a basket as apple, orange, or banana, is an example of the ___________ level of measurement? a. nominal b. ordinal c. interval d. ratio

Question 12 The amount of time needed to run the Boston marathon is an example of which type of variable? a. discrete b. qualitative c. continuous d. temporal

Question 13 If a researcher manipulates one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences other variables, the researcher is conducting a(n) a. observational study. b. experimental study. c. independent study. d. confounding study.

Question 14 Which of the following best defines the relationship between confounding, dependent, and independent variables? a. The confounding variable influences the independent variable, but has no effect on the dependent variable b. The influence of the confounding variable cannot be separated from the influence of the dependent variable c. The confounding variable may cause the dependent variable to act independently. d. The confounding variable influences the dependent variable, but is not separated from the independent variable.

Question 15 In a true experimental study, the subjects should be assigned to groups randomly. If this is not possible and a researcher uses intact groups, they are performing a __________. a. quasi-experimental study b. convoluted study c. observational study d. dependent study

Question 16 An independent variable can also be called a(n) a. free variable. b. explanatory variable. c. suggestive variable. d. outcome variable.

Question 17 An advertisement for a car states that it is 10% more powerful. This is an example of _______. a. changing the subject b. detached statistics c. suspect samples d.ambiguous averages

Question 18 A television station interviews five movie viewers after the first showing of a movie. After finding out that all five enjoyed the movie very much, the reporter states that this movie will definitely be a big hit. This is an example of ____________________. a. changing the subject b. detached statistics c. suspect samples d. ambiguous averages

Question 19 In an advertisement for a car, a driver is shown driving expertly through a difficult road course. At the bottom of the ad, the following is included in small print "Professional driver on a closed course". Which of the following choices best describes this misuse of data? a. changing the subject b. detached statistics c. faulty survey questions d. implied connections