macro econ study guide
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NAME: _______________________ HONOR CODE: I attest that I will not give assistance nor receive assistance from anyone else while taking this examination, signed _______________________________________.
1.) A bank has reserves of $200 million, loans of $400 million, and mortgage-‐‑backed securities of $400 million. The liabilities of the bank
leverage ratio is 20. Assume that for every $1 million available for it to lend, the bank can either put $1 million in reserves or can generate $5 million in loans. Growth in housing prices stops and housing prices tumble. Mortgage backed securities decrease in value by 1/3.
a.) Assume that the Fed lowers the Reserve Requirement from 0.2 to 0.15. Could this solve the problem? Why might it not solve the problem? (4 points)
b.) Assume the Fed offers low interest rate loans that increases cash at the ba Can this solve the problem discussed in situation b? In what situation might it not? (4 points)
c.) Assume that the Treasury department buys the mortgage-‐‑backed securities for $400 million. How does this solution compare to the two above? (4 points)
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2.) Suppose a decrease in consumer confidence lowers expectations about future incomes, and thus reduces the amount they will consume today (decrease in consumption). How will this affect investment and the interest rate? (12 points)
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3.) What would a family who made $200,000 in 1995 make today? Use the 2012 (4 points)
When should the Fed have increased the money supply according to this table? (4 points) Provide a detailed answer of how could they have increased the money supply. (12 points)
If gasoline had gone up at only the rate of inflation, how much would it have cost per gallon in 1994? (4 points)
Year CPI 1993 144.5 1994 148.2 1995 152.4 1996 156.9 1997 160.5 1998 163 1999 166.6 2000 172.2 2001 177.1 2002 179.9 2003 184 2004 188.9 2005 195.3 2006 201.6 2007 207.342 2008 215.303 2009 214.537 2010 218.056 2011 224.939 2012` 229.594
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4.) What is the difference between a Normative and a Positive statement? (4 points)
5) Explain the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (4 points)
and explanation (4 points)
7) What is one advantage and one disadvantage of using a gold standard instead of fiat money? (4 points)
8) What are the three functions of money? (explain each) (9 points)
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9) Suppose that Congress passes a law that makes it more difficult for firms to fire workers (requiring severance pay).
a) If the law affects the rate of job separation without affecting the rate of job finding, how would the natural rate of unemployment change? (2 points)
b) Is it plausible that the rate of job finding would be unaffected? Why or why not? (2 points)
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10). Consider this economy:
Y = C + I + G
Y = 5,000; G = 1,000; T = 1,000
C = 250 + 0.75 * (Y T)
I = 1,000 50 * r
a and b.) compute private saving, public saving, national saving and the equilibrium interest rate (8 points)
c.) Now G rises to 1,250. Compute private saving, public saving, national saving, and the interest rate (8 points)
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11. True, False, or Uncertain (answer with one of these options based on the information in the statement.
a) If supply falls, then demand falls, prices in the final equilibrium will be lower than in the initial equilibrium. (2 points)
b) If demand increases, then supply expands, the quantity demanded in the final equilibrium will be greater than the quantity supplied in the first equilibrium. (2 points)
c) A decrease in incomes followed by a price shock to a widely used input factor will cause prices to fall (2 points)
d) A stimulus check that comes from government borrowing and is given to consumers will increase GDP by increasing Investment. (2 points)
e) A reduction in unemployment compensation will increase GDP by increasing C.
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EXTRA CREDIT
The money supply fell from 1929 to 1933 because both the currency-‐‑ deposit ratio and the reserve-‐‑deposit ratio increased. Use the model of the money supply to answer:
a) What would have happened to the money supply if the cr had risen but the rr had not?
b) What would have happened to the money supply if the rr had risen but the cr had not?
c) Which of the changes was more responsible for the fall in money supply?
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