Homework Assignment and Test
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parc2i: Bulleti4 Board Submission Five
Disqussion
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ASSIGNMEN
Bulletin mission Five: 10
1) Post your responses to Assignment L?.3 ,12.4 , and t2.5 in Chopter tZ of Stotsky.
2) List the proper sections of qn oppellote brief olong with o general summory of the content ond purpose/gool of eqch section.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR POSTING:
One Submission Allowed Per Student
FILEASE DRAFT Y'OUR ANSWERS IN A WORD PROCESSING PROGRAM AND SAVE IT TO YOUR COMPUTER. Copy and Paste your Answers or Attach a File T'O SUBMIT YOUR ANSWERS: Click on the Discussion Topic "Post Your Answers Here" below and then select "Reply".
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http ://www.legalstudiesonline.net/mod/forum/view.php?i d:7 122 4t3t2014
(10)
(1 1)
(12)
(1 3)
04) (1 5)
(16)
(t 7)
(l 8) (1e)
(20)
(2r) ())\ (23) (24) (2s)
forthw in accordance\i in the event of in the event that in the interest of is applicable
is authorized to
is directed to
is empowered to
is entitled (for a rne)
is hereby authori
is not prohibited per annum
provided that
render service
knorv
immediately under it II for
(1 0)
(11)
(12)
(l i) (14)
t:l
chapter 12 Legalwritlng 605
nominalization A noun formed from a verb or adjective.
(d You are lequlred to (b) The perlod of tlme (c) For the duratlon of
shall
may
is cailed
may
may
Per year
if give service
say: (1) consider (2) recognize (3) know (4) need (5) determine
(
(r7) (1 8)
(1e)
(20)
(2 1)
(22) (23) (24) /7 5\
Rewrlte any of the sentences that contain language that can be slmpllfled wlthout
Interfrrlng wlth the or eftctlveness of lhe sentence,
the frne.
have to render asslstance is three months,
It shall be unlawful for a person to enter or to attempt entry'
(d) lf vou are unable to Into a contract wlth hlm for the mateflals, the oral commltment ls
stlll bhdhg on She consulted wlth lawyer wlth respect to possible lltlgation.
She accepted the due to the Fact that she was quallfled.
I b green in color. Ask the wltness about the bllls.
JudgeJones ls on the bench.
*. Use and which are nouns formed from verbs or adjectives. Examples
include the from the verb consitler and the no'an ffictiueners from the adjec- are not grammatically incorrect. In most cases, however, theyuve effectiae.
the legal profession is addicted to nominalizations' Avoidweaken a sentence. this addiction yourself,
Compare the columns:
He came to the real effort is futile.
tion that the B
the effort is futile.
She made the decisi to retlre. She retire,
A determination of should pay The court ined who was made by the cou should pay.
The nominalizations in L are realization. deciion. and ion.The sentences in column B usingverbs decided,and detetwined) are more forceful direct. The sentences
in columnAusing the izations are more stilted and verbose, Usins leads to longer words and onger sentences. It also encourages t.he use of the
(e)
(f) (g)
(h)
fl)
third example), which
Do not saY:
(1) grve conside (2) give recogni
be avoided. as we will see.
(3) have knowledge of have need of in the determin{tion of
(4)
(5)
voice (in the
active voice The grammatical verb form in which the subiect
or thing PNrforming or causing
the action ls the main focus.
oassive voice The grammatical verb form in which the obisct
of the actlon is the main tocus'
The emPlhasis is on what is
being dofe rather than on
who or v',ihat is Performlng or
causing tfe actlon.
truncated Passive Aform of passive Moice in which the doer
or subjdct of the action is not
mentiorled.
Part ll The Skills of a Paralegal
(6) is applicable is dependent on
is in anendance at
(e)
(10)
(1 1)
an appointment of
(12) make
Use actiue aoice.
Use active and main focus of
A (passitte ooice) The decision was
The report will be Pre The court was cleared.
By Friday, the bridge will
been blown uP bY the workers'
The suike was ended bY the inj
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f) (g)
rather than passive voice by making the doer.of the acdon the subuen
sentence. Co*p... the sentences in *re following two columns:
(6) applies (7) depends on (8) anends (9) appoint
(10) apply (11) pay (12) provide for
by the judge.
".{' column are in the passive voice' The verbs in fu
\ctive voice. What are the differences between ciilcln
given less emphasis than what was dons'
,-mentioned after the action itself'
B (aaiae aoice)
The judge announced the decision'
I will prepare the rePort,
The clerk cleared the court'
By Friday, the workers will have
blown up the bridge.
The iniunction ended the strike'
characterlstlcs:
The verbs in the sentences tn
sentences in the "B" column are in the
two kinds of sentences?
Sentences with verbs in the pasioe uoice the following characteristics:
r The doer of the action is either unknown r The doer of the action, if referred to at all' I The subiect of the sentence receives t}te The subiect is acted uPon'
sentence, the verb form is a truncera&
t know who firedJim:If you do not mention the doer of the action in tl
p"rr#. In the following sentence' for example' you
Jim was fired at noon.
Sentences with verbs inrhe actiae aoice have the
r The doer of the action is the important focus' \ I The doer of the action is menrioned before the action itself' r The subiect of the sentence performs the action' The subject i
The passive voice is often less effective because it is less direct
dilute the forcefulness of a statement'
doer of the acacn
often less clear" !t
Weak It is no longer allowed to take law library boola overnight'
n"*"r, The law lfrary no longer ailows you to take books overnight'
o;;ii. l;; library no longt' ''llo*' borio*ets to take boola overnight'
The action in rhese sentences is the prohibition on taking books overnight, In \: ry'
we know who has performed this action-the law library' In the-first sen:t*t;,:::lt"T
ffiffirilli.J#ff;;J;;4:..1,n. is the law library; the subject (and oir*.",ionl ln the first sentence is the prohibition-the action'
Rewr|teanyofthefu|low|ngsentencesthatusethepasslveVo|ce.|fyouneedtoa6fl4yffill to the sentences to ldentw the doer of the actlon,
you may make them up' ,
As the semester came to a close, the students prepared forthelr exams'
Eamlnatlons are not enloyed.
No drugs were prescilbed after the operation'
I has been delermlned that your llcense should be revoked'
conslderatlon ls belng glven thls matter by the attorney'
It ls belleved by dlstrlct officlals that the expense ls legal'
The ftacture was dlscovered by the plalntlffs In 1998'
608 The Skills of a Paralegal
over the husband and could not adjudicate any child support claims withoul 1l15 irrr sft' jurisdiction and therefore Florida is not precluded from collecting monies from th:
;
husband toward arrearages.
Better: The North Carolina divorce judgrnent did not fully and finally adjudicate mr claims for child support. The court in this state did not have personal jurisdiction ,:mr ', the husband. It could not adjudicate any child support claims without this kind of jurisdiction. Florida is therefore not precluded frorn collecting monies from the husband toward arrearaEes.
Other examples:
: In May of 1999, a district personnel administrator informed Mary Miller that iju had decided to transfer her to a different school which was a decision that s'a,:
ation Miller provided, however the administrator had never talked to Miller lr I person to the decision.
Better: In of 1999, a district personnel adtninistrator informed Mary Miller that &c to transfer her to a different sctrool. The district based its decision on lni;a!
to include new matter which should have been inc
district mation Miiler . The administrator, horuever, never talked to Miller in person pi"-ls to the decision.
Wbak Her new job at firm as the legal adrninisnator in charge ofpersonnel and finans* was enjoyabie, lucrative, l, and challen.ging, but confusing and frightening at trnltr
Better: Her new job at the was enjoyable, lucrative, ed at times.
as legal administrator in charge of personnel and finanee-. and challenging. It was also confusing and frighteniu
Weak The final issue for discussion rns the status ofthe national and internationai parties that has been the main stumbiing in the contract negotiations thus far.
Better: The final issue for discussion is the s of the national and international Darriej- This issue has been the main srumblins block in tract negotiations thus far.
Weakl There is no need for you to subrnit a to the Board unless you wish an earlier report provided that
the new fflafter covers only procedural issues except for already been resolved by the commission.
Betterr You do not need to submit a revised report to the Board. exceDuon ts wnen vou wish to include new matter on procedural issues that should have inciuded in an earlier report. These procedural issues must not be ones that the commission already resolved.
Rewrite any of the following sentences that are too long.
(a) The board can, within sixty days of the receipt of a certificatlon fiom the secretary take actlon
to return ownership of property to persons or corporations certlfied as owners ftom whom
the property was acquired by expropriatlon or by purchase under threat of exproprlatlon. (b) A short ilme later, as Ceorge approached the Intersectlon of Woodruffand Fuller, someone
In the middle of the street started shooting but George kept drivlng when he heard about
fifteen shots that sounded like dlfferent guns flring one of which hlt hls Pontlac, damaglng the front wlndshleld and dashboard.
(c) By way of illustration, presldential candidate Ross Perot and basketball playel Mlchael Jordan arguably may have achieved such pervaslve fame as to have become publlc figures for all purposes, while Dr. lack Kevorkian may have voluntarlly placed hlmself lnto the public
controversy over euthanasia and physlcian-assisted suicide so as to have become a publlc
ffgure for a limited range of issues.
9. Be carefitl witb pronotut references, IJse pronouns only where the nouns to which the pronouns refer are unrnistakably clear.
Using pronouns with ambiguous referents can confuse the meaning of a sentence. If the pronoun could refer to more than one person or object in a sentence, repeat the name of the person or object to avoid ambiguiry.
procedural issues that have
