Responses on the papers

Global Politics

       In chapter eighteen Shively describes the different systems of global politics and how it has succeeded in the ability of peacekeeping around the world. Basically the collaboration of choices between states is drawn into one in order to protect wild life that migrates and crosses over boundaries of states, protect from the testing of nuclear bomb in the open air. Civil wars and violent disputes small states have can also be stopped through the intervention of collective choice between states.

Shively, describes international politics or global politics as collective collaborations, but the difference is one. In Global politics; the involvement and collaboration is not limited up to the state; corporations and nongovernmental actors can participate as well. The United Nations is an examples of collaboration between states in order to enforce the laws and stop act of violence between groups or states that may cost a great deal of damage to the rest of the world. Besides intervention by invention and violence, one of the main ways that the United Nations intervenes to resolve problems is by stopping the imports and export of the state in conflict. Through the cold war two types of non-state participants developed. The Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) worked independently from the government and was mainly to promote academic freedom around the world. The second one was Intergovernmental organization (IGO) was founded by treaties amongst governments. The IGO established organizations that implemented international agreement, organizations like banks for international settlement.

Furthermore the case study of Rwanda is an example of an international failure. According to Shively there is little the rest of the world could have done considering that the main root of the problem was the European colonization in past history. But little was done to prevent the mass murder of the Hutu group and the violence that proceeded. The case study reveals that sixteen percent of the population belonged to the Tutsi group; people that herd cattle and where distinguished as warriors. They were the tribe that controlled the government and politics in spite of their minority. The problem started after the independence of Rwanda. The government controlled the army so the Tutsis were in complete control of north Rwanda. Afraid of the violence, the Hutu groups fled to Zairaen. This is where a sense international interaction took place but it wasn’t late till Zairaen started pushing the Hutu back into Rwanda to relieve the burden of carrying for them.

The United Nations is an example of successful international politics through collaboration of other state they have intervened in many problems. Yet it is not fair in its distribution of power; considering that the countries that hold the permanent sets in the council. Many other countries like Japan, Germany, India and Brazil ask the question why France and Britain get to hold permanent set in the council if they are not main world powers. “Yet despite the imperfection the United Nations continue to play a modest role in international politics.”