Formal outline

CATCH Y TITLE : WH AT AM I D O ING IN TH IS PAPE R?

S TUD E NT NAME

J on a t h a n Va r h ola

S O C 2 0 0 0 -XX

D ATE O F S UBMIS S IO N

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I. In t r od u ct ion a . S ociologica l Im a gin a t ion

i. Cor r ela t ion b et ween p er s on a l exp er ien ces of d r u g u s er s a n d h ea lt h effect ou t com es p a r t ia lly s h a p ed b y s ociet y

ii. Im p or t a n t t o u n d er s t a n d u n d er lyin g r ela t ion s h ip s b et ween a ll k ey a ct or s

b . Ps ych ot r op ic d r u gs ill effect s a r e a s ocia l p r ob lem i. S ociet y a t la r ge a ffect ed in clu d in g m a n y d iffer en t a ge gr ou p s ,

b a ck gr ou n d s a n d h is t or ies of p eop le

ii. Q u a lit y of life d efla t ion a n d u n s a t is fa ct or y h ea lt h effect ou t com es ou t weigh b en efit s fr om t r ea t m en t s t h a t r eq u ir e

p s ych ot r op ic d r u g u s e

iii. Med ica l in d u s t r y r egu la t ed a t a s ociet a l or m a cr o level c . Ps ych ot r op ic d r u g u s e effect s on h ea lt h

i. Q u a lit y of life 1 . G en er a l h ea lt h p r ob lem s (F leis ch h a ck er et a l., 2 0 1 1 ).

ii. S id e effect s a ffect in g a ll a ges (Ch eu n g, Levit t & S za la i, 2 0 0 3 ). 1 . Ad oles cen t s (G r ek in , O b er leit n er , Tzilos & Zu m b er g,

2 0 1 1 ).

2 . E ld er ly (Alla et a l., 2 0 0 4 ). iii. S u icid e a t t em p t s

1 . S u icid a l t h ou gh t s a n d a ct s (Cou gn a r d , G r ollea u , Molim a r d , Tou r n ier & Ver d ou x, 2 0 0 9 ).

d . Th es is S t a t em en t i. In t h is p a p er , I will b e s t u d yin g t h e im p a ct of p s ych ot r op ic

d r u g u s e on u s er q u a lit y of life .

II. Lit er a t u r e Review a . Poor h ea lt h b eh a vior (F leis ch h a ck er et a l., 2 0 1 1 )

i. WH O Q O L-BRE F r ed u ced q u a lit y of life in p s ych ot r op ic d r u g u s er s

ii. S m ok e ciga r et t es m or e com m on ly, r ed u ced p h ys ica l a ct ivit y a n d h igh er b od y m a s s in d ex; com p a r ed t o n on -u s er s

b . D ep en d en cy (Alla et a l., 2 0 0 4 ) i. Non con s u m er s h a ve b es t q u a lit y of life

ii. O cca s ion a l con s u m er s lim it ed in s ociet a l r oles a n d exp er ien ce wor s e m en t a l h ea lt h

iii. Con t in u ou s con s u m er s h a ve wor s e s ocia l fu n ct ion in g a b ilit y a n d a r e d ep en d en t on d r u gs

c . S id e E ffect s (Ch eu n g et a l., 2 0 0 3 ) i. H ea lt h y a d oles cen t s con cer n ed wit h m ed ica l r ea s on s of s id e

effect s

ii. Ad oles cen t s wit h d ep r es s ion con cer n ed wit h r es u lt in g fu n ct ion a l im p a ir m en t s of s id e effect s

d . College u s e (G r ek in et a l., 2 0 1 1 ) i. Ps ych ot r op ic d r u g m ixin g wit h a lcoh ol on college ca m p u s es

ii. S t u d en t s m is u s in g d r u gs in q u a n t it y

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iii. Low r a t e of s u icid a l b eh a vior q u es t ion in g b y p h ys icia n s e . In t en t ion a l d r u g over d os e

i. Pr es cr ib ed d r u gs u s ed in in t en t ion a l d r u g over d os e ii. S u b ject s in ges t in g n on p r es cr ib ed d r u gs in ID O h a d ot h er

p r es cr ib ed p s ych ot r op ic d r u gs

iii. H yp n ot ic a n d r ela t ed d r u gs m os t fr eq u en t ly in ges t ed III. D a t a a n d Met h od s

a . S u r vey collect ion in Au s t r ia , (F leis ch h a ck er et a l., 2 0 1 1 ) i. s a m p le s ize=n =8 7

ii. s m a ll s a m p le s ize m a k es q u a n t it a t ive gen er a liza t ion s d ifficu lt iii. wea k n es s of s u r vey m et h od : s elf-r ep or t ed d a t a m a y b e

u n r elia b le

iv. G en er a l s a t is fa ct ion wit h life a n d well-b ein g d ecr ea s ed b . Non -p a r t icip a n t ob s er va t ion a l s t u d y in F r a n ce (Alla et a l., 2 0 0 4 )

i. s a m p le s ize ii. s a m p le s ize cr it iq u e

iii. k ey fin d in g(s ) c . Q -s or t m et h od ology u s ed in Ca n a d a (Ch eu n g et a l., 2 0 0 3 )

i. s a m p le s ize ii. s a m p le s ize cr it iq u e

iii. k ey fin d in g(s ) d . In t er views con d u ct ed in t h e US A (G r ek in et a l., 2 0 1 1 )

i. s a m p le s ize ii. s a m p le s ize cr it iq u e

iii. k ey fin d in g(s ) e . Q u a n t it a t ive r e s ea r ch a n d s t a t is t ica l a n a lys is p er for m ed in F r a n ce

(Cou gn a r d et a l., 2 0 0 9 )

i. s a m p le s ize ii. s a m p le s ize cr it iq u e

iii. k ey fin d in g(s ) IV. Th eor y

a . S ocia l Con flict Th eor y i. Ph ys icia n s h a ve m or e k n owled ge of d r u gs t h a n d o p a t ien t s

ii. Pa t ien t s m a y b elieve p h ys icia n s a r e p er for m in g well in t h eir d u t y b u t u n exp ect ed s id e effect s m a y t r u ly b e a s ign of

n egligen ce

iii. Ph ys icia n s p ot en t ia lly exp loit in g p a t ien t s s im p ly t o m a k e m on ey

b . F u n ct ion a lis m i. Ph ys icia n s a r e exp ect ed t o b e m ed ica l a u t h or it ies

ii. Pa t ien t s a r e exp ect ed t o b e a b le t o r ely on p h ys icia n s for a ccu r a t e a n d fu n ct ion a l in for m a t ion a b ou t d r u g u s e a n d

s a fet y

c . S ym b olic In t er a ct ion is m i. F eelin gs a b ou t d r u gs a n d d r u g u s e va r y b et ween cu lt u r es ,

s u b cu lt u r es a n d gr ou p s

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ii. Le vels of k n owled ge r ega r d in g d r u gs a n d d r u g u s e d ep en d on p r eviou s in t er a ct ion s exp er ien ced b y a given a ct or

V. Con clu s ion a . In t h is p a p er , I h a ve s t u d ied t h e im p a ct of p s ych ot r op ic d r u g u s e

on u s er q u a lit y of life .

b . F u t u r e r es ea r ch on p s ych ot r op ic d r u g u s e , a lon g wit h it s im p a ct on u s er q u a lit y of life , is n eed ed , b a s ed on m y k ey fin d in g t h a t

_______________.

c . F u t u r e r es ea r ch er s m a y con s id e r u s in g a ________ m et h od ologica l a p p r oa ch , b eca u s e _____________.

d . In d ivid u a ls n eed b et t er ed u ca t ion on d r u gs b efor e get t in g p r es cr ib ed t h es e m ed ica t ion s , t h er efor e s ocia l a n d / or lega l p olicy

s h ou ld b e ch a n ged in t h e followin g wa y: ______________.

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Refer en ces

Alla , F ., Ba u m a n n , M., Bon n et a in , F ., Br ia n con , S . (2 0 0 4 ). Q u a lit y of life a n d

a t t it u d es t owa r d s p s ych ot r op ics a n d d ep en d en cy: con s u m er s vs . n on -

con s u m er s a ged 5 0 a n d over . J ou rn a l of Clin ica l Ph a rm a cy & Th e ra p e u tics ,

2 9 (5 ), 4 0 5 -4 1 5 .

Ch eu n g, Am y H ., Levit t , An t h on y J ., S za la i, J oh n P. (2 0 0 3 ). Im p a ct of

An t id ep r e s s a n t S id e E ffect s on Ad oles cen t Q u a lit y of Life. Ca n a d ia n J ou rn a l

of Ps y ch ia try , 4 8 (1 1 ), 7 2 7 -7 3 3 .

Cou gn a r d , A., G r ollea u , A., Molim a r d , M., Tou r n ier , M., Ver d ou x, H . (2 0 0 9 ).

F a ct or s a s s ocia t ed wit h ch oice of p s ych ot r op ic d r u gs u s ed for in t en t ion a l

d r u g over d os e. Eu rop e a n A rch iv e s of Ps y ch ia try a n d Clin ica l Ne u ros cie n ce ,

2 5 9 (2 ), 8 6 -9 1 .

F leis ch h a ck er , Wolfga n g W., Kop p , Ma r t in , Ku m n ig, Ma r t in ., Ru ed l, G er h a r d .,

Ru m p old , G er h a r d ., S t u r z, Kr is t in a . (2 0 1 1 ). Poor h ea lt h b eh a viou r a n d

r e d u ced q u a lit y of life of Peop le t r ea t ed wit h p s ych ot r op ic d r u gs . H u m a n

Ps y ch op h a rm a cology : Clin ica l & Ex p e rim e n ta l, 2 6 (2 ), 1 6 1 -1 6 7 .

G r ek in , E m ily R., O b e r leit n er , Lin d s a y M.S ., Tzilos , G olfo K., Zu m b er g,

Ka t h r yn , M. (2 0 1 1 ). Ps ych ot r op ic D r u g Us e a m on g College S t u d en t s :

Pa t t e r n s of Us e, Mis u s e, a n d Med ica l Mon it or in g. J ou rn a l of A m e rica n

Colle ge H e a lth , 5 9 (7 ), 6 5 8 -6 6 1 .