Sports psychology final

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If an athlete functions out of an internal locus of control and believes an outcome is going to happen repeatedly (stable outcome), he will most likely attribute the result to:

Answer

	a.	Luck
	b.	Effort
	c.	Task Difficulty
	d.	Ability
	e.	It is impossible to ascertain an attribution given the facts

2 points

Question 2

In the previous example (stable outcome, internal locus of control), how does the athlete attribute the result if he is in control of the outcome?

Answer

	a.	Luck
	b.	Mood
	c.	Task Complexity
	d.	Ability
	e.	Performer's Stable effort

2 points

Question 3

What attributional factors are typically present in "Learned Helplessness"?

Answer

	a.	External Locus of Control, Stable Outcome, Self Controls Outcome
	b.	External Locus of Control, Stable Outcome, Others Control Outcome
	c.	Internal Locus of Control, Stable Outcome, Others Control Outcome
	d.	External Locus of Control, Unstable Outcome, Others Control Outcome
	e.	External Locus of Control, Unstable Outcome, Self Controls Outcome

2 points

Question 4

What factor(s) in a child's cognitive maturity will indicate he or she is ready to play competitive sports?

Answer

	a.	Understanding one's role on a team
	b.	Appreciation of other's perspectives
	c.	Knowing the importance of cooperation
	d.	A and B
	e.	All of the above

2 points

Question 5

Which of the following is a good suggestion for parents to do to encourage their children in sports participation?

Answer

	a.	Allow them to quit when it gets difficult.
	b.	Remind them of how much money you will save when they earn a scholarship.
	c.	Help them to set challenging goals.
	d.	Remind them of how much better they are than the next door neighbor's kids.
	e.	While watching their games, constantly give performance feedback.

2 points

Question 6

How early do children typically display cooperative behavior?

Answer

	a.	4-5 years of age
	b.	5-6 years of age
	c.	7-8 years of age
	d.	8-10 years of age
	e.	Children don't cooperate unless they are forced to.

2 points

Question 7

If a child you are working with wants to drop out of sports, what is one thing you as a coach could do?

Answer

	a.	Let them, who needs a quitter around?
	b.	Point out the athletes individual strides made in increased effort and determination.
	c.	Tell a little white lie and say how good he is and how much you need him to win.
	d.	Give him a trophy for his participation.
	e.	Let him play with the bigger kids. After all, they look like they are having more fun.

2 points

Question 8

Unacceptable aggression, the primary intent of which is to reach a goal such as scoring a touchdown, is termed:

Answer

	1.	Goal Aggression
	2.	Instrumental Aggression
	3.	Proactive Assertion
	4.	Unintentional Harm
	5.	Active non-niceness

2 points

Question 9

The theory that violence and aggression in sports is learned by modeling and vicarious experience is:

Answer

	a.	Cathartic Effect
	b.	Moral Reasoning Theory
	c.	Social Learning Theory
	d.	Frustration-Aggression Theory
	e.	Murphy's Theory

2 points

Question 10

According the the Frustration- Aggression Theory, what is the key emotional component that bridges the gap between Aggression and Frustration

Answer

	a.	Fear
	b.	Defensiveness
	c.	Confusion
	d.	Anger
	e.	Apathy

2 points

Question 11

Transient feelings of apprehension and or tension in response to upcoming events, describes

Answer

	a.	A-State
	b.	A-Trait
	c.	Florida State
	d.	State Anxiety
	e.	A and D

2 points

Question 12

A Heightened state of arousal in which the athlete shuts out necessary cues in the environment, describes:

Answer

	a.	The Inverted U of Arousal
	b.	Catastrophe Theory
	c.	Over Narrowing of Attention
	d.	Zone of optimal functioning
	e.	Self-Handicapping

2 points

Question 13

Which of the following phenomena argue against the home court advantage?

Answer

	a.	More pressure to win
	b.	Increase in functional assertiveness
	c.	If season isn't going well, home court might be a hostile environment.
	d.	A and C
	e.	All of the above

2 points

Question 14

Rehabilitation rehearsal will assist what stage in the injury response cycle?

Answer

	a.	Cognitive Appraisal
	b.	Emotional Response
	c.	Behavioral Response
	d.	Bargaining Response
	e.	Negative Self-Talk

2 points

Question 15

What psychological factor(s) can make an athlete more injury prone?

Answer

	a.	Internal Locus of Control
	b.	Good Stress Management
	c.	Fear of Failure
	d.	A and C
	e.	All of the above

2 points

Question 16

Which of the following is not a psychological benefit of regular exercise?

Answer

	a.	Stress Management
	b.	Temporary release from problems
	c.	Controls A-trait
	d.	Increased Self-Esteem
	e.	All of the above are psychological benefits of regular exercise

2 points

Question 17

According to the Transtheoretical model, at what stage would a person have intentions to start exercising, but has not made any plans to act on them?

Answer

	a.	Pre- Contemplation
	b.	Contemplation
	c.	Preparation
	d.	Action
	e.	Termination

2 points

Question 18

Which of the following are cognitive adherence strategies to assist someone in maintaining an exercise program?

Answer

	a.	Visualization
	b.	Bizarre Imagery
	c.	Thought Stopping
	d.	Effort linking to success
	e.	All of the above are appropriate strategies

2 points

Question 19

Which of the following describes the proper order of the steps to follow in a pre-shot strategy?

Answer

	a.	Readying, Imaging, External Focus, Execution, Evaluation
	b.	Imaging, Readying, External Focus, Execution, Evaluation
	c.	Evaluation, Readying, Imaging, External Focus, Execution
	d.	Imaging, Readying, External Focus, Execution, Evaluation
	e.	External Focus, Imaging, Readying, Evaluation, Execution

2 points

Question 20

According to the two-dimensional model of imagery proposed by Paivio, what function(s) does imagery provide that make it effective?

Answer

	a.	Cognitive
	b.	Motivational
	c.	Affective
	d.	A and B
	e.	All of the above

2 points

Question 21

Negative outcomes can have a positive effect on motivation depending on an athlete's attributions.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 22

Favorable outcomes tend to make an athlete concentrate more on attributions than unfavorable outcomes.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 23

Allowing a child to play a number of different sports will only confuse them and cause them to lose interest in athletics.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 24

Spectator violence can be prompted by the misconception that other fans in the vicinity feel the same aggressive behaviors as the initiator.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 25

All aggressive behavior is intentional.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 26

All Competitive sports have a similar inverted U when you graph optimal perfomance against arousal level.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 27

Prior injury can have a profound psychological effect on the chance of re-injury.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 28

If the perceived costs of not starting to exercise are acceptable, a person will be more motivated to iniate an exercise program

Answer True False

2 points

Question 29

If a routine is maintained for over 6 months, it has a strong probability of becoming a habit.

Answer True False

2 points

Question 30

Imagining the correct performance of a sport specific skill is an example of the cognitive specific function or imagery.

Answer True False

· List 5 techniques one can use to manipulate athletes' attributions

· List 5 reasons why kids drop out of sports

· Team cohesion is an important concept in successful teams and consequently the success of the individual athletes on the team. Describe how coaching leadership styles and player roles contribute to this concept