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15) The “model trap” is a preferable form of social comparison.

_____ True _____ False

16) When in a conflict situation, separate behaviors from persons in order to create a supportive climate.

_____ True _____ False

17) Words have the power to create or destroy relationships.

_____ True _____ False

18) The perception process consists of which of the following stages?

_____ a. attention and selection, organization, interpretation

_____b. organization, visualization, interpretation

_____ c. attribution, organization, selection

_____ d. attention and selection, reframing, closure

19) Approaches to “knowing”, called theories, include these three components. Match them with their definitions.

_____ ontology a. gathering data; how we know things

_____ axiology b. questions about truth; the nature of reality

_____ epistemology c. values; what is worth knowing

20) According to the textbook, visualization occurs when we see ourselves failing.

_____ True _____ False

21) What you say is who you are.

____ True _____ False

22) When the sender’s and receiver’s meanings are not the same because words mean different things to different people, the communication problem is called ________________.

23) Match the following:

_____ gunny-sacking a. nonverbal behaviors that contradict, accent, or complement the message

_____ artifacts b. help us satisfy a personal need or change to meet the immediate situation

_____ kinesics c. nonverbal cues that have widely understood meanings in a particular culture

_____ emblems d human movements, gestures, and posture

_____ illustrators e. nonverbal cues that communicate emotion

_____ affect displays f. dredging up someone’s past mistakes and linking them to the current situation

_____ adaptors g. displays of culture

24) When Ron was growing up, he heard his parents talking with others about being a Democrat. When Ron was older, he voted Democrat in every election. His self-concept is being influenced by his:

_____ a. assumed role

_____ b. self-label

_____ c. intrapersonal communications

_____ d. stereotyping

_____ e. association with groups

25) People tend to use words involuntarily, without really thinking about them.

_____ True _____ False

26) When two people in a relationship use nicknames, such as “my little pookie” or “snuggle-buns”, they are using language to:

_____ a. shape a culture of two people

_____ b. bring fantasy into a relationship

_____ c. create experience

_____ d. eradicate noise in a communication

27) People who are opposites or significantly different in dispositions and preferences may intrigue each other and teach each other something, but they don’t typically maintain a long-term relationship.

_____ True _____ False

28) Match the following:

_____ connotative a. I share, you share

_____ denotative b. cannot be perceived with one of our five senses

_____ abstract c. conveys feelings

_____ reciprocity d. me, me, and me

_____ conversational narcissism e. literal meaning

29) Words have two types of meanings:

_____ a. differential and referential

_____ b. denotative and connotative

_____c. sticks and stones

_____d. culture and context

30) Recent interviews with employers show that they are concerned about college graduates’ lack of language skills.

_____ True _____ False

31) Someone who constantly uses the same pick-up lines is violating which principle of communication?

_____ a. Principle 1

_____ b. Principle 2

_____ c. Principle 4

_____ d. Principle 5

32) Ty and Victoria are having an argument. Ty says to Victoria, “I see you crossing your arms and rolling your eyes. When I try to talk to you, you turn your head and sigh loudly. You do this all the time, and then wonder why people don’t like you. That’s why Makayla doesn’t like you anymore, and you know it. That’s why you keep ending up alone.” Ty has violated which of Gibbs’ recommendations?

_____ a. Be descriptive rather than evaluative.

_____ b. Solve problems rather than control others.

_____ c. Empathize rather than remain detached from others.

_____ d. Avoid gunny-sacking.

33) Austin is a skillful communicator. His logic is hard to argue with. But his nonverbal communication indicates something different than what he is saying. Which will people believe more?

_____ what he says _____ what he does

34) The Johari Window uses a model of five squares to help a person know himself or herself better.

_____ True _____ False

35) Which of the following is the most abstract:

_____ baked potato

_____ dinner

_____ grilled cheese

_____ food

36) When receiving a compliment, it is best to

_____ a. just say “thank you”

_____ b. agree with the compliment

_____ c. attempt to show modesty by disagreeing with the complimenter

_____ d. always give a compliment in return, even if you have to search for something

37) One leading researcher said that _________ is the largest single factor determining the kinds of relationship we have with others.

_____ a. relationships with childhood friends

_____ b. the type of books we read

_____ c. what we think about

_____ d. family relationships

38) Cara wondered if her boyfriend wanted to break up with her. She didn’t come right out and ask him, but she paid close attention to how he looked at her, what he said to her, and how he acted when they were with friends. What method was Cara using to check her perception of her boyfriend?

_____ a. active perception checking

_____ b. direct perception checking

_____c. avoidant perception checking

_____d. indirect perception checking

39) The touch ethic you have as an adult was most likely formed during your early family experiences.

_____ True _____ False

40) Match the following:

_____ polarization a. language used just to impress others or project an image

_____allness b. when words reflect unqualified generalizations of others

_____ exclusive c. describing things in extremes with any middle ground

_____ trigger words d. language that arouses strong emotion in listeners

_____ bafflegab e. favors one sex over/against another

41) Your Learning Team values team collaboration. This is part of:

_____ a. an individualistic culture

_____ b. intercultural communication

_____ c. a collectivistic culture

_____ d. a high-context culture

42) Joachim and Robert were best friends. They did everything together. But after Robert moved to another city, they have not been as close. Joachim’s friend Angela doesn’t understand what the problem is. She tells Joachim she has had no problem staying close to her friends after they moved. This difference is because men build closeness through:

_____ a. low disclosure

_____ b. high disclosure

_____ c. shared activities

_____ d. talking

43) A group with a strong, highly credible leader is less likely to engage in group-think.

_____ True _____ False

44) In U.S. culture, people do not think in neuter, but rather in terms of male or female.

_____ True _____ False

45) A language is a system of _____ structured by _____ and _____ common to a _____ of people.

_____ a. words, experience, syntax, community

_____ b. symbols, grammar, syntax, community

_____ c. symbols, grammar, rules, community

_____ d. words, grammar, rules, community

46) What you say is more believable than what you do.

_____ True _____ False

47) What are two ways to communicate emotion in email?

_______________________________ _______________________________

48) Americans make judgments about a person, especially concerning trustworthiness and sincerity, based on whether or not they make or avoid eye contact.

_____ True _____ False

49)_____ is the study of human touch.

_____ a. massage therapy

_____ b. retail therapy

_____ c. response latency

_____ d. haptics

50) We have expectations for appropriate nonverbal behavior based on:

_____ a. self-talk and perception checking

_____ b. our cultural background, personal experience, and knowledge of the person

_____ c. parental expectations

_____ d. indirect perception checking, attention, and syntax

51) We hear over one billion words each year, but we only understand 3/4ths of them.

_____ True _____ False

52) What are the four types of listening styles described in the COM/100 textbook?

____________________________

____________________________

____________________________

____________________________

53) Jerome wants to impress a young lady he met, so he buys her flowers. He wants to sit and have a conversation with her, but is worried about misinterpreting her messages and ruining a relationship with her. Jerome is suffering from:

_____ a. perception checking

_____ b. empathy

_____ c. receiver apprehension

_____ d. quasi-courtship

54) Match the following:

_____ kinesics a. study of how near or far we stand from someone while speaking to that person

_____ response latency b. pitch, rate, and volume at which you speak

_____ proximics c. amount of time it takes someone to answer a question

_____paralanguage d. study of human movement, gesture, and posture

55) Focusing on the thoughts of another, as opposed to one’s own thoughts, is called decentering.

_____ True _____ False

56) When you are presented with information that is inconsistent with your current thinking

or feelings, you experience a kind of mental discomfort called:

_____ a. emotional distress

_____ b. ethical imbalance

_____ c. cognitive dissonance

_____ d. self-actualization disharmony

57) Masculine cultures value relationships, while female cultures value achievement.

_____ True _____ False

58) Match the following:

_____Ethnocentrism a. focused on ourselves and our importance

_____Stereotyping b. judgment based on the assumption that we already know everything we need about a person

_____Prejudice c. placing someone in an inflexible, all-encompassing category

_____Egocentric d. the attitude that our own cultural approaches are superior to those of other cultures

59) North Americans tend to have a low-context culture.

_____ True _____ False

60) Feeling the emotional reaction that the other person may be experiencing is called sympathy. Telling others that you are sorry that they feel what they are feeling is called empathy.

_____ True _____ False

61) You will most likely interact with people from different cultural backgrounds because of increased interconnectedness. This is called:

_____ a. culture shock

_____ b. University of Phoenix learning teams

_____ c. decentralized values

_____ d. globalization

62) The matching hypothesis states that we seek out individuals:

_____ a. at the same level of physical attractiveness as we view ourselves

_____ b. from the same culture

_____ c. whose values are the same as ours

_____ d. who are shorter than we are, if we’re male, and taller than we are, if we’re female

63) What are the five steps of relational escalation?

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

64) Charlene and friend went to a seminar together. When they entered the auditorium, Charlene looked around at the other attendees and whispered to her friend, “I’d feel strange trying to talk to anyone else here. They’re from all different, interesting places and I’m sure they all speak English. But there’s really nothing we can talk about.” Charlene’s dilemma can best be ascribed to:

_____ a. different communication codes

_____ b. assuming differences

_____ c. prejudice

_____ d. decentering

65) When you try to understand someone from another culture by remembering how that person has responded in similar situations, you are:

_____ a. practicing mindfulness

_____ b. tolerating ambiguity

_____ c. practicing social decentering

_____ d. asking questions

66) Match the following:

______ Generation X a. born after 2002

______ Baby Boomers b. born between 1982-2002

______ Post millennials/Digital Natives/Gen Z c. born between 1943-1960

______ Silent Generation d. born between 1925-1942

______ Millennials/Peter Pan Generation e. born between 1961-1981

67) Globalization, the integration of economics and technology that is contributing

to a worldwide, interconnected business environment, is changing the way we work

and relate to people around the world.

_____ True _____ False

68) Match the following:

_____ operationalize a. the study of what is worth knowing/values

_____ ontology b. researchers immerse themselves in study subjects’ lives to discover culturally distinct patterns of communication

_____ epistemology c. making an abstract concept measureable and observable

_____ axiology d. what is human nature

_____ ethnography e. the study of how we know what we know

69) Wynn is worried about sales in her business, along with a rise in supply prices. She needs to reduce costs by 10%. Wynn is deciding whether to lay off two of her 15 employees, ask employees to agree to a 7% reduction in pay, find other suppliers, or let employees know she will no longer be able to provide health benefits. This process, where different alternatives are considered to reach the same goal, is an example of:

_____ a. deductive reasoning

_____ b. inductive reasoning

_____ c. equifinality

_____ d. positivistic theory

70) A concept used in groups to help them reach shared understanding of important issues is called:

_____ a. the Delphi technique

_____ b. concept attainment

_____ c. reflection zone

_____ d. Johari window

Each answer is worth 1.4 points out of 100.