Nutrition hmw
Lisa
eld2.pptxConditions and interventions
Angie stiegemeyer, MA,rD,LD, BSN,RN
Southeast Missouri State University
Nutrition and the Older Adult
Health-sense of well-being
Quality of Life-measure of life satisfaction
Medical Nutrition Therapy-treatment of nutritional aspects of disease
Topics Covered
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)/Heart Disease
Stroke
Hypertention
Diabetes/DM
Osteoporosis
Constipation
Osteoarthritis
Alzheimer’s Disease
Underweight
Elder Abuse
End of Life Care
Nutrition for CVD
Decrease amount of fat
Reduce cholesterol intake
Increase fiber, F & V
Limit Sodium
Exercise
Maintain Healthy Weight
Reduce Stress
Smoking Cessation
Stroke
Reduced blood flow to brain
Etiology
Blocked arteries
Easily clotting blood cells
Effects
Deprive brain of oxygen-nerve cells die
Differing levels of paralysis
Stroke
Risk Factors
Hypertension, high chol., DM, smoking, family hx, obesity
S/S: FAST
F-Facial weakness
A-Arm & Leg Problems
S-Speech Problems
T-Time to call 911
Nutrition
Normalize blood pressure
Hypertension
Systolic 140mm Hg or higher AND/OR Diastolic 90 mm Hg or higher
Effects- excess tension on vessels & organs
Wears them out before normal aging process
Kidney damage
Risk Factors
Excess alcohol intake, high sat. fat intake, overweight & obesity, low calcium intake, smoking
Nutrition for Hypertension
DASH Diet
Weight management
Moderate alcohol intake
Limit sodium
Adequate calcium, potassium, magnesium
DM
1/5 over 65
Greater risk for CVD
Effects
Amputations
Macular degeneration
Vision loss
Neuropathies
Increased platelet aggregation
Increased infection
Decreased healing
Nutrition for DM
Diagnosis and criteria for mgmt same as younger adult
If kidney disease, limit protein (0.8-1.0 g/kg)
MVI
Assess cognitive function and create appropriate care plan
Asses Hemoglobin A1C
Below 7% is goal
1
135---------6%
170---------7%
205--------8%
240--------9%
275--------10%
310--------11%
345-------12%
Osteoporosis
Porous bones
80% women
Bone density greatly declines after menopause
Effects-falls & fractures
Wrist, spine, hips
Kyphosis
Osteoporosis
Nutrition
Calcium
Vitamin D
Exercise
Limit caffeine
F & V
Limit sodium
Limit SSRIs
Chronic Constipation
2 or less BM Q Week
Etiology
Medications
Diseases-Parkinson’s, cancer, DM,IBS
Risk Factors
Dehydration
Medications
Mineral supplements
Chronic Constipation
Treatment
Exercise
Fluid
Fiber
Foods
psyllium
Avoid laxatives if possible
Bowel Retraining
Osteoarthritis
Etiology-cartilage loss, hardening of soft tissue, inflammation, changes in synovial membrane
Pain in joints-most common in knees & hips
Osteoarthritis
Treatment
Control pain
Weight loss
Antioxidants
Flavanoids
Vitamin D
Chondrotin & Glucosamine-cartilage repair
Fatty acids & Oils
Alzheimer's Disease
Dementia-memory impairment
Plaques & Tangles in brain
Effects
Confusion
anxiety
agitation
loss of oral muscular control
impairment of hunger & thirst mechanisms
chewing & swallowing difficulties
Alzheimer's Disease
Treatment
Safety
Maintain nutrient dense diet
Plenty of time
Focus on eating
Serve finger foods
Encourage drinks
Nutrition for Underweight & Unintentional Weight Loss
Adequate kcals
1-1.5 g/kg protein
1 mL/kcal fluid
Nutrient dense foods
Added fats
Added kcals
Boost, Ensure
Elder Abuse
Abuse, neglect, exploitation
1-800-392-0210 (For suspected elder mistreatment in the home and in long-term care facilities)
End of Life Care
Respect patient & family’s wishes
Collaborate & Refer
Palliative care, Hospice
Compassion & Empathy
