For Kim Woods
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enlightenment-1.pptxThe European Intellectual Revolution: “The Enlightenment”
Readings: Smith, et al., 759-767
Lecture 10
1
Enlightenment is A Product of the Scientific Revolution
If you can know the “natural” world, then you should be able to know the “social, political, economic worlds.
Sir Isaac Newton was a model.
The goal was to make everyone happy.
Lecture 10
2
Immanuel Kant
“What is Enlightenment”
“Don’t be Afraid to Know”
“Have Courage to Use Your Own Reason”
Lecture 10
3
John Locke
Was English and lived from 1631-1704.
Two Treatises on Government: Political Liberalism and Representation.
John Locke felt that property was necessary to have a stake in the government.
Lecture 10
4
Baron de Montesquieu
Was French and lived from 1689-1755.
Spirit of Laws:
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Lecture 10
5
Voltaire
Was French and lived from 1694-1778.
“Enlightened Despotism”
Religious Toleration
Lecture 10
6
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Was French from 1712-1778.
The Social Contract:
The General Will
Public must be generous
Make other people happy
Private happiness linked to public happiness
Lecture 10
7
Emile
Education
The Woman Question
Idea of State religion: Nationalism, Patriotism
Lecture 10
8
Adam Smith
The Wealth of Nations (1776)
Laissez-faire economy
Free Trade
The Invisible Hand
Lecture 10
9
Jeremy Bentham
Utalitarianism
Best Policy which promotes Greatest happiness of the greatest number.
Lecture 10
10
Benjamin Franklin
Poor Richard’s Almanac
Public Opinion
Coffee Houses
Newspapers
Academies
Salons
Lecture 10
11
