History 4 Essays
m.blouseiy4
china_japan-3.pptxThe Chinese and Japanese Response to Industrialization
Readings: Smith, et al., 802-810, 841-849, 868-887
Lecture 17--Chinese/Japanese Response
1
China
English want to sell goods to China
China Emperors have no interest in buying anything from Europe.
Emperor wrote letter to English king in which he says that Chinese produced everything of value.
Jesuits and others brought clocks and mechanical toys to China.
Father Mateo Ricci was in charge of missionary duties in China
Chinoiserie
Europeans wanted:
Porcelain
Wallpaper
Chinese art
Chinese deer
Tea
Chinoiserie
India
Began decline under Aurangzeb (1659)
British, French and Portugal all establish colonies
British East India Company gains control
British win over Muslims in 1858
India (continued)
British destroy India’s cotton industry
Had been best cotton producers
Sold opium to Chinese and grew it in India
China, Britain and India
Opium Wars
British use steamships with cannons.
They take the ships up the Chinese rivers
They threaten the Chinese interior
Treaty of Nanjing
Dismantled Chinese tributary states.
Created “Treaty ports” where Europeans could trade
China Increasingly Unstable
The Taiping Rebellion went on from 1850-1864
The Self-Strengthening Movement went on from 1860-1895
1885 France takes over Vietnam
Japan forces Chinese to grant independence to Korea and took control of Taiwan and Liaodong Peninsula
1898-Foreign powers divide China into spheres of influence
The HUNDRED DAYS Reform also took place.
Boxer Rebellion took place in 1899.
Taiping Revolution
French colonies
Results
Took control of China in 1911.
He proclaimed Chinese Republic in 1912.
Government was very weak and warlords gained control throughout the country.
Japan
Japan was feudal and was ruled by shoguns in reality.
By 19th century, Japan was in very bad shape
The Economy was stagnating
There were many revolts going on.
Japan
In 1853, Matthew Perry arrives in Tokyo Bay with the message, “Trade with us or we’ll kill you!”
The boy emperor Mutsuhito takes power. His rule is known as Meiji (“Enlightened Rule”)
Japan’s Desires
Japan wants to become an Imperial Power.
To do this, Japan invests heavily in weapons and ships.
Japan’s Army modeled on Germany
Japanese Navy modeled on Britain.
