Week 8 Test

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1.

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Question 1

2 Points

What is not a potential weakness of the justification for consuming meat that says humans, like other meat-eating species, are not able to be morally judged for consuming meat?

Humans are not as able to eat meat as other species.

We do not often base our morality on the acceptability of non-human animal behaviors.

We often find, without much evidence, that eating some meat is worse than others.

Some animals eat humans, and we don’t allow for that by other humans.

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Question 2

2 Points

If a person is religious, then a religious separation giving humans dominion over other animals provides an ethically consistent allowance for eating non-human animals.

True

False

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Question 3

2 Points

Why would Bentham have likely been opposed to Descartes’ killing and dissecting of his wife’s dog?

The dog could suffer.

The dog had a soul.

The dog was a moral agent.

The dog had intelligence and will.

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Question 4

2 Points

Why is rationality a problematic guide for determining that humans can ethically eat animals?

Many animals are more rational than humans in compromised situations (like a vegetative state)

Animal rationality cannot be guessed at

Rationality is irrelevant to suffering

Speciesism is rampant

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Question 5

2 Points

The idea that humans are not merely as morally valuable as their rationality, but as that of their likely future rationality is called

potentiality argument

Morality argument

Futurism argument

Speciesist argumentation

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Question 6

2 Points

Singer argued against the potentiality argument by using the thought experiment of

Prince Charles not being a king yet

Babies not being adults yet

Puppies not yet being dogs

Potentiality charts, showing that potentiality was a percentage that may never actualize

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Question 7

2 Points

Utilitarians such as Bentham and Singer have said that eating animals is never morally allowable.

True

False

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Question 8

2 Points

What is a major concern of utilitarian animal ethicists in determining whether or not it is morally acceptable to eat meat?

If the animal was raised and slaughtered without suffering

Whether or not rearing practices reflect the animal’s nature

Ensuring that there are still jobs for workers if we get rid of slaughtering plants

Whether the animal would evaluate its own life as overall pleasurable

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Question 9

2 Points

Kant would most likely agree with which statement about our duty toward animals?

Although humans have no direct duty towards animals, we have an indirect duty to avoid cruelty, because cruelty to animals forms those habits in people.

Humans have neither a direct nor indirect duty towards animals, given that animals and humans are of totally different types.

Humans have a direct, but not indirect duty towards animals, because animal suffering is the main issue, not the formation of moral habits in humans.

Kant failed to address human/animal relationships in a coherent way, such as the utilitarian theorists have done.

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Question 10

2 Points

Cora Diamond argues against the consumption of animals by analogy to other things we intuitively presume not to be eaten, rather than by the moral rights of the animal.

True

False

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