Week 5

Week 5 Discussion. Motivational Theories and Models

Think for a moment of a recent example of when you were particularly motivated at work. What drove your motivation? Was it the possibility of a reward or recognition? Was it the satisfaction of completing a difficult task or the opportunity to learn something new? You can probably think of a handful of factors that motivated you to work harder. Some of those factors could have been extrinsic (e.g., a bonus, salary increase, promotion, or an award) or intrinsic (e.g., the satisfaction of mastering a difficult task or the achievement of personal growth).

In this Discussion, you will examine motivational theories, which explain how specific individual and environmental factors affect employee motivation. For example, expectancy theory of motivation suggests that when employees want a reward (e.g., a promotion), believe that achieving the reward is possible (i.e., promotion is available), and believe that high performance will lead to the reward, they will be more motivated to work towards the reward. It is important to evaluate different theories of motivation to understand employee behavior in the workplace and to assess different organizational challenges, such as high absenteeism and turnover.

To prepare for this Discussion:

· Read Chapter 9 in the Aamodt text,  Industrial/organizational Psychology: An Applied Approach. Pay particular attention to the similarities and differences among motivational theories. In addition, consider how you could apply motivational theories to reduce absenteeism and turnover in the workplace.

· Read the article, “Influence of Organizational Rewards on Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions.” Consider how social exchange theory accounts for improvements in employee turnover.

· Select an organization for which you currently work or have previously worked or a well-known organization (e.g., Amazon, Walmart, Facebook). Identify a motivational theory or model that you could apply to reduce absenteeism and turnover in the organization.

· Resources

Motivational Theories and Models

· Aamodt, M. (2016). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

· Chapter 9, “Employee Motivation” (pp. 321–356)

· Time Estimate: 60 minutes

· Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Qun, W., Nazir, N., & Tran, Q. D. (2016). Influence of organizational rewards on organizational commitment and turnover intentions.  Employee Relations Links to an external site. , 38(4), 596–619.

· Time Estimate: 70 minutes

Leadership

· Aamodt, M. (2016). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

· Chapter 12, “Leadership” (pp. 439–462)

· Time Estimate: 40 minutes

· Hogan, R., Curphy, G., Kaiser, R., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2018). Leadership in organizations. In D. S. Ones, N. Anderson, C. Viswesvaran, & H. K. Sinangil (Eds.),  The SAGE handbook of industrial, work, and organizational psychologyLinks to an external site.  (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 269-287). London, UK: SAGE Publications, Ltd.

· Note: Chapter 12

· Time Estimate: 60 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS: Post a response to the following:

Compare and contrast two motivational theories/models. Then explain which theory or model might be better suited to reduce absenteeism and turnover in the organization you selected, and explain why. Use specific examples and evidence from the literature to support your argument.

Week 5.Assignment.Leadership and Employee Satisfaction

Leadership is an important topic in organizational psychology and one that you will revisit in Week 7 and throughout the rest of your program. As you may know from personal or professional experience, good leadership can inspire employees to work together to achieve organizational goals, while poor leadership can demotivate and demoralize employees, and derail organizational goals.

For this Application, you will examine historical leadership theories (more than 20 years old) and contemporary leadership theories (less than 20 years old). Leadership theories, also referred to as leadership models or approaches, explain specific individual and/or environmental factors that contribute to effective leadership. For example, a newer theory, called transformational leadership, suggests that effective leaders are charismatic, inspiring, and able to communicate a vision and unite employees to achieve that vision. As you examine different leadership theories, you will also consider how they could be used to improve job satisfaction.

To Prepare for this Assignment:

· Read Chapter 12 in the Aamodt text,  Industrial/organizational Psychology: An Applied Approach. Examine historical leadership theories (more than 20 years old) and contemporary leadership theories (less than 20 years old).

· Review Chapter 12 in  The SAGE Handbook. Consider how leadership affects employee engagement, including satisfaction. Then identify strategies that could be used to assess a leader’s influence on job satisfaction of employees.

· Select an organization for which you currently work or have previously worked, or a well-known organization (e.g., Amazon, Walmart, Facebook).

· Identify one historical leadership theory and one contemporary leadership theory that you would use to improve job satisfaction in the organization.

· Consider the strategies you would use to assess whether a given leadership theory/model has improved job satisfaction.

· Resources

Motivational Theories and Models

· Aamodt, M. (2016). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

· Chapter 9, “Employee Motivation” (pp. 321–356)

· Time Estimate: 60 minutes

· Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Qun, W., Nazir, N., & Tran, Q. D. (2016). Influence of organizational rewards on organizational commitment and turnover intentions.  Employee Relations Links to an external site. , 38(4), 596–619.

· Time Estimate: 70 minutes

Leadership

· Aamodt, M. (2016). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

· Chapter 12, “Leadership” (pp. 439–462)

· Time Estimate: 40 minutes

· Hogan, R., Curphy, G., Kaiser, R., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2018). Leadership in organizations. In D. S. Ones, N. Anderson, C. Viswesvaran, & H. K. Sinangil (Eds.),  The SAGE handbook of industrial, work, and organizational psychologyLinks to an external site.  (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 269-287). London, UK: SAGE Publications, Ltd.

· Note: Chapter 12

· Time Estimate: 60 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS: Submit a 2–3-page paper that addresses the following questions. Your paper should follow APA style, be double-spaced with one-inch margins, and include a title page and reference list.

· Describe one historical leadership theory/model of interest to you. What did this theory provide to the field of I/O psychology? How would you apply the theory to the organization you selected to improve job satisfaction?

· Describe one contemporary leadership theory/model. What did this theory/model provide to the field of I/O psychology? How would you apply the theory/model to the organization you selected to improve job satisfaction?

· Provide an assessment on how leadership influences job satisfaction in the workplace. How would you assess that a given leadership theory/model has improved job satisfaction?

Week 5 Assignment. Understanding Academic Integrity and Plagiarism As A Psychology Professional

As you have progressed through this course, you have learned the importance of developing your scholarly voice, you have learned about critical thinking, you have practiced paraphrasing, and you are beginning to understand the importance of crediting the sources of ideas and of presenting the literature in your own words. You are still at the early stages of mastering these many skills. Luckily, Walden provides resources and tools to help you along the way.

For this Assignment, you will familiarize yourself with a tool that can aid you in avoiding plagiarism: Turnitin.

To Prepare for this Assignment:

· Review the Academic Integrity resources located in this week’s Learning Resources and consider the different aspects of plagiarism.

· Review the media, "Turnitin" in this week’s Learning Resources. Also, the weekly required resources of this course provides additional information related to Turnitin as well as how to read the Originality Report.

· In Week 3, you submitted "Paraphrasing: Putting It In Your Own Words" Assignment and submitted your Assignment to Turnitin to generate an originality report.

· Review the Similarity Index and the Match Overview.

· Review the matches in detail.

The Assignment (1–2 pages):

Describe the Turnitin Originality report for your Assignment from Week 3:

· Provide the Similarity Index.

· List the source that constitutes the highest match with your written work.

· Explain why a high Similarity Index might not necessarily indicate plagiarism and why a low Similarity Index does not necessarily indicate a lack of plagiarism.

· Based on the review by Turnitin, what changes would you make to your paper?

· Explain how you would use Turnitin in the future to minimize issues with plagiarism.

· As a future psychology professional, explain how academic integrity will impact/influence your academic and professional practice.

· Resources

Readings

· American Psychological Association. (2020).  Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000

· 1.17, “Implications of Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism” This section discusses plagiarism and self-plagiarism.

 

· Walden University. (2022).  TurnitinLinks to an external site. . Walden University Canvas. https://waldenu.instructure.com/ This document reviews the Turnitin Originality Report and points out important areas in the document to examine.

 

· Walden University Student Affairs. (n.d.-a).  Academic integrity: Overview.Links to an external site.  Retrieved from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/studentaffairs/academicintegrity  

 

· Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.-b).  Plagiarism prevention resource kit: HomeLinks to an external site. . Retrieved from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/plagiarism This web page covers topics related to plagiarism.

 

· Document:  Study Notes: Introduction to Scholarly Writing: Plagiarism and Academic Integrity (PDF) Download Study Notes: Introduction to Scholarly Writing: Plagiarism and Academic Integrity (PDF) These Study Notes will help reinforce the information presented in the media program and enrich your understanding of plagiarism and academic integrity.

INSTRUCTIONS: The Assignment (1–2 pages):

Describe the Turnitin Originality report for your Assignment from Week 3:

· Provide the Similarity Index.

· List the source that constitutes the highest match with your written work.

· Explain why a high Similarity Index might not necessarily indicate plagiarism and why a low Similarity Index does not necessarily indicate a lack of plagiarism.

· Based on the review by Turnitin, what changes would you make to your paper?

· Explain how you would use Turnitin in the future to minimize issues with plagiarism.

· As a future psychology professional, explain how academic integrity will impact/influence your academic and professional practice.