State whether the difference between what occurred and what you would have expected by chance ...

For A - C State whether the difference between what occurred and what you would have expected by chance is statistically significant. Discuss any implications of the statistical significance:

A. In 10 rolls of a six-sided die, the outcome of 6 never occurs.

B. A commuter enters a New York City subway car near Times Square and finds that it is occupied by 50 men, all of whom are bald.

C. In a clinical trial of a new drug intended to treat allergies, 5 of the 80 subjects in the treatment group experienced headaches and 8 of the 160 subjects in the control group experienced headaches.