speech
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files (3)Week11Reviewspeech.docx
Ch16UsingLanguage.pptx
Ch26OrganizingPersuasiveSpeeches.pptx
Week11Reviewspeech.docx
Week 11 Review
Factors to Consider When Choosing an Organizational Pattern
1. Based off what you read in Chapter 26, what factors did you consider for your Persuasive speech?
· What do your claims & evidence suggest?
· What response do you seek?
· What is the audience’s disposition? (Based off what you know about our Class Community)
· Be specific about all three areas in how they relate to your speech. Do not just provide definitions… apply what you’ve learned to your speech and answer.
2. Which organization pattern did you ultimately choose as the best option for your speech? Why?
Complete a written response, at least 300 words.
Using Language to Style the Speech
Describe at least 3 styles or techniques from Chapter 16 that you will use in your language in your Persuasive Speech. Give specific examples of each.
Complete a written response, at least 200 words.
Ch16UsingLanguage.pptx
USING LANGUAGE Chapter 16
LANGUAGE IS IMPORTANT
LANGUAGE HELPS CREATE OUR SENSE OF REALITY
WE LABEL EVENTS, IDEAS AND PEOPLE WITH THE WORDS WE CHOOSE TO USE
WORDS HAVE TWO TYPES OF MEANING
DENOTATIVE
CONNOTATIVE
BEING CLEAR IS IMPORTANT
USE
USE FAMILIAR WORDS
USE
USE CONCRETE WORDS
ELIMINATE
ELIMINATE LINGUISTIC CLUTTER
DON’T USE MORE WORDS THAN NECESSARY
USE LANGUAGE VIVIDLY
USE CONCRETE WORDS
USE SIMILES
Use “like” or “as”
My love is like a rock.
Like a rolling stone.
She’s as nice as peaches and cream.
Use Metaphors
Ex. “She’s a brick house.”
Rhythm & Pacing
4 types of language use
PARALLELISM-the use of similar constructions
Ex. “Respect”
REPETITION-repeating the same word or phrase
Ex. “Light My Fire”
ALLITERATION-repeating initial consonant sound
ANTITHESIS-juxtaposing contrasting ideas
Ex. “Soul Kitchen”
Ex. “Rolling Stone”
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Ch26OrganizingPersuasiveSpeeches.pptx
Organizing Persuasive Speeches
Chapter 26
I. There are several factors to consider when choosing an organizational pattern: your arguments and evidence, the audience, and the speech purpose.
Arguments and evidence may be organized according to the type of claim presented.
1. Claims of policy are organized with the problem-solution pattern.
2. Claims of value are organized with the comparative-advantage pattern.
3. Claims of fact are organized with the cause-effect pattern or problem-cause-solution pattern.
B. Organization of the speech is also affected by what the target audience knows about the topic and how they stand in relation to it.
1. A refutation pattern of organization can be used when addressing hostile audiences or those that strongly disagree and critical and conflicted audiences.
2. A narrative organizational pattern can be used to address sympathetic audiences, listeners who are already on your side.
3. A topical pattern of arrangement may work well for uninformed, less educated, or apathetic audience members.
II. A plan for organizing persuasive speeches
The most common organization form persuasive speeches is the problem-solution pattern, which first demonstrates the nature and significance of the problem and then provides justification for a proposed solution.
1. A problem-cause solution pattern addresses the nature of the problem, reasons for the problem, unsatisfactory solutions, and a proposed solution.
B. Monroe’s motivated sequence is made up of five steps:
1. The attention step makes the speech relevant to the audience eliciting attention.
2. The need step shows the audience they have a need the speaker can satisfy.
3. The satisfaction step offers the audience a proposal to satisfy the need.
4. The visualization step presents the audience with a vision of anticipated outcomes.
5. The action step makes a direct request of the audience to do or not do some specific thing.
C. The comparative-advantages pattern of arrangement is most effective when the audience is already aware of the issue or problem.
1. The speech is organized by favorably comparing your position to the alternatives. Thus the first main point demonstrates the advantages over alternative ones, and the second main point demonstrates the advantages over alternative two, and so on.
D. In a refutation pattern of organization each main point is addressed and then refuted.
1. The speech is organized by first stating the opposing position followed by a description of the implications of the opposing claim, and then by explaining your position and argument followed by a contrast between your position and the opposing claim in order to show the superiority of your position.
Key Terms
cause-effect pattern
problem-solution pattern
refutation pattern
hostile audience
critical and conflicted audience
narrative organizational pattern
sympathetic audience
uninformed or apathetic audience
topical pattern
problem-cause-solution
Monroe motivated sequence
comparative advantage pattern
