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TheRoleofTechnologyinEnhancingDisasterResponseandRecoveryMarkUp.docx

1

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Michael Holmes

University of Arizona Global Campus

SOC 333 Research Methods

Ashraf Esmail

18 July 2024

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Given the ever-increasing trends of natural disasters and their effects, there is no better time than now to emphasize the importance of efficient disaster response and recovery systems. This research proposal seeks to focus on the social issue of poor disaster management since it impacts the lives of people in the affected regions. The identity groups that are more vulnerable to this problem include those living in coastal areas, seismic zones, and regions prone to hurricanes, floods, and wildfires. Such communities are usually the most affected by natural disasters that include loss of life, displacement, and massive destruction of property. The significance of this research topic lies in the fact that the application of such innovations as drones and AI in disaster response is capable of bringing about significant change. This proposal is particularly significant to me as it falls under my area of interest, which seeks to use technology to address complex issues in the world today. This research could have a positive impact and can help save lives and minimize economic damage in the case of disasters by strengthening disaster management. It should matter to the reader because disaster response is a matter of concern to everybody, and improved practices in this area would mean that the world is better prepared for disasters that are bound to occur from time to time. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: Can you cite a peer reviewed journal article form the last 5 years and identify what authors are indicating in the conclusion of their article what future research should examine. This will establish the gap in the research. I would quote it

Worldview

The chosen worldview for this research is pragmatism. It is because the concept of pragmatism is particularly useful when concerning practical implications and real-world applications in the case of disaster response and recovery. This worldview is pragmatic in nature, where the value of an idea or concept is determined by how useful it is in dealing with practical issues. To that end, pragmatism helps choose more developed technologies such as drones and AI and analyze the practical value of their application in improving disaster management. The pragmatic approach is consistent with the aim of enhancing operations involved in disaster response by focusing on tangible outcomes that may be of added value to emergency management agencies and the communities they serve (Tembo & Akintola, 2022).

The concept of pragmatism easily fits into the mixed-method research design because it incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data. This methodology is suitable for this study since it offers a broader understanding of the efficiency and issues involved in the application of advanced technologies in disaster management. Measures such as response times and recovery rates can be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technologies, whereas interviews and surveys supplement the quantitative data by offering the views of emergency responders and the public on the technologies. The use of mixed methods, which the pragmatic worldview permits, ensures that the research can address the disaster response issue comprehensively in its multifaceted form. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: What specific quantitative and qualitative methods will you use?

Thus, the link between pragmatism and the selected research approach, questions, and goals is crucial for achieving meaningful and beneficial results. The research questions relate to exploring how various advanced technologies can be used to enhance disaster response and what difficulties are faced. Among the objectives, there is a focus on the evaluation of the practical applicability of these technologies and the determination of the best practices for implementing them. Since the research is based on pragmatism, the purpose of the study is to identify solutions that can be used in realistic disasters and emergencies (Selanon et al., 2024). It aids in the creation of research that is not only significant for academic purposes but also for disaster management, hence developing better strategies that may assist in minimizing the loss of lives and the impacts of disasters.

Literature Review

Wankmüller et al. (2021) sought to examine the use of drones in emergency interventions and in cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary emergency interventions. In their studies, they opined that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are more appropriate in terms of offering information besides surveillance during a calamity. This capability helps the emergency responders assess the conditions, the people in need of rescue, and the overall approach to the rescue mission. The study assists the research proposal by highlighting the benefits of drones for the improvement of disaster response and by emphasizing the necessity of technological innovation’s adoption in disaster response.

Likewise, Sun et al. (2020) aimed at exploring the use of AI in the disaster management domain. This made it clear from the study that big data sciences, through AI technologies, were able to predict disasters such as earthquakes and floods for early warning. It is also involved in decision-making during disasters by providing details on a certain risk and a plan on how to manage resources. As a basis for this proposal for this paper, the following evidence is given on how AI can enhance natural disaster results as well as the significance of the technology in disaster management.

Williams et al. (2024) also described the use of some technologies, including drone technology and artificial intelligence, during disaster response. They also stressed the importance of interoperability and coordination of emergency management information systems in real time. Some of them believe that the involvement of technology in a broader sense could lead to the formulation of better structured and coordinated plans for disaster management. This article is relevant to the research proposal since it highlights the need for the application of multiple technologies in disaster management and outlines possible research avenues for addressing the challenges of implementation.

Altogether, these articles contribute to the support of the stated hypothesis that the use of high technologies can improve the processes of disaster management and prevention. For instance, Wankmüller et al. (2021) provide practical applications of drones; Sun et al. (2020) demonstrate how AI can help predict; and finally, Williams et al. (2024) highlight the importance of systems integration. However, these studies also urge more research about the use and deployment of these technologies, how they will work together, and how data can be exchanged in real time to get the most out of them in disaster management. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: See comment in the introduction by citing the gap

Conclusion

The current studies by Wankmüller et al. (2021), Sun et al. (2020), and Williams et al. (2024) support the proposition that the use of new technologies like drones and AI can bring a change in disaster relief and recovery. While these studies offer a strong base, they also show that there is still a lack of knowledge on the integration and application of such technologies on a large scale in multiple types of disasters. Concerns for the future include the ability to combine multiple technologies and how logistical and ethical questions can be answered. Thus, addressing these gaps will make this study provide fresh insights and real-world recommendations for enhancing disaster management practices.

References

Selanon, P., Puggioni, F., & Dejnirattisai, S. (2024). An Inclusive Park Design Based on a Research Process: A Case Study of Thammasat Water Sport Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand. Buildings, 14(6), 1669. https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/6/1669 Comment by Ashraf Esmail: The title of all journals should be italicized in the reference list

Sun, W., Bocchini, P., & Davison, B. D. (2020). Applications of artificial intelligence for disaster management. Natural Hazards, 103(3), 2631-2689. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-020-04124-3

Tembo, C. K., & Akintola, A. (2022). A retrospection of methodological pluralism in the journal of financial management of property and construction (2005-2020). Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 27(3), 348-364. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JFMPC-11-2020-0074/full/html

Wankmüller, C., Kunovjanek, M., & Mayrgündter, S. (2021). Drones in emergency response–evidence from cross-border, multi-disciplinary usability tests. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102567. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212420921005288

Williams, R., Chen, L., & Rodriguez, P. (2024). Technology Integration in Emergency Management. Expert Systems with Applications, 22(4), 99-115. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417423001853

Instructions.docx

Proposed Methodology (3 paragraphs)

In this section,

· Explain the population you plan to study.

· Will you address the entire demographic or just a sample?

· How did you decide?

· Select your participants and provide an appropriate reason for the selection. For example, are you studying every child in a particular classroom or every third name in the phone book?

· Emphasize the relevance of the chosen group to the study.

· Identify any possible stakeholders that would have an interest in your research. (Shelters, community centers, etc.)

· Justify your choice of methodology and why it is the most appropriate for your research.

· Will you use quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods?

· Justify your choice of research instruments or design with examples.

· For example, if you are designing a survey or a focus group, list some questions you might ask and explain how they will help you to gather relevant data.

· Propose solutions or strategies to address any challenges encountered during the study.

· For example, do you think your participants will be easy to connect with or difficult to access? Will funding be problematic?

· Are you at risk of uncovering something about your population that could harm or damage them, and if so, how will you address those concerns? Are there any ethical dilemmas to the research results?

· Discuss the insights gained from addressing ethical concerns, special considerations required, or any other challenges faced while finalizing your research proposal.

Conclusion (1 Paragraph)

· In this section, Explain your understanding of the research proposal development journey.

· Discuss what conclusions you hope to find and summarize the implications for social groups and policy change and whether your hypothesis would be supported.

· Discuss what you have learned from putting together a research proposal of your own.

· Discuss what you have learned about your topic since the beginning of the process.

The Research Proposal final paper,

· must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA StyleLinks to an external site. as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA Formatting for Microsoft WordLinks to an external site. .

· must include a separate title page with the following in title case:

· title of paper in bold font

· Space should appear between the title and the rest of the information on the title page.

· student’s name

· name of institution (The University of Arizona Global Campus)

· course name and numbe

· instructor’s name

· due date

· must utilize academic voice. Review the Academic VoiceLinks to an external site. resource for additional guidance.

· must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph.

· Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper.

· For assistance on writing Introductions & ConclusionsLinks to an external site. and Writing a Thesis StatementLinks to an external site. , refer to the Writing Center resources.

· must utilize at least 3 credible sources in addition to course materials.

· The Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible SourcesLinks to an external site. table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.

· must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your PaperLinks to an external site. guide.

· must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center. Review the APA: Formatting Your References ListLinks to an external site. resource in the Writing Center for specifications.

TheRoleofTechnologyinEnhancingDisasterResponseandRecoveryMarkUp.docx

1

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Michael Holmes

University of Arizona Global Campus

SOC 333 Research Methods

Ashraf Esmail

18 July 2024

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Given the ever-increasing trends of natural disasters and their effects, there is no better time than now to emphasize the importance of efficient disaster response and recovery systems. This research proposal seeks to focus on the social issue of poor disaster management since it impacts the lives of people in the affected regions. The identity groups that are more vulnerable to this problem include those living in coastal areas, seismic zones, and regions prone to hurricanes, floods, and wildfires. Such communities are usually the most affected by natural disasters that include loss of life, displacement, and massive destruction of property. The significance of this research topic lies in the fact that the application of such innovations as drones and AI in disaster response is capable of bringing about significant change. This proposal is particularly significant to me as it falls under my area of interest, which seeks to use technology to address complex issues in the world today. This research could have a positive impact and can help save lives and minimize economic damage in the case of disasters by strengthening disaster management. It should matter to the reader because disaster response is a matter of concern to everybody, and improved practices in this area would mean that the world is better prepared for disasters that are bound to occur from time to time. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: Can you cite a peer reviewed journal article form the last 5 years and identify what authors are indicating in the conclusion of their article what future research should examine. This will establish the gap in the research. I would quote it

Worldview

The chosen worldview for this research is pragmatism. It is because the concept of pragmatism is particularly useful when concerning practical implications and real-world applications in the case of disaster response and recovery. This worldview is pragmatic in nature, where the value of an idea or concept is determined by how useful it is in dealing with practical issues. To that end, pragmatism helps choose more developed technologies such as drones and AI and analyze the practical value of their application in improving disaster management. The pragmatic approach is consistent with the aim of enhancing operations involved in disaster response by focusing on tangible outcomes that may be of added value to emergency management agencies and the communities they serve (Tembo & Akintola, 2022).

The concept of pragmatism easily fits into the mixed-method research design because it incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data. This methodology is suitable for this study since it offers a broader understanding of the efficiency and issues involved in the application of advanced technologies in disaster management. Measures such as response times and recovery rates can be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technologies, whereas interviews and surveys supplement the quantitative data by offering the views of emergency responders and the public on the technologies. The use of mixed methods, which the pragmatic worldview permits, ensures that the research can address the disaster response issue comprehensively in its multifaceted form. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: What specific quantitative and qualitative methods will you use?

Thus, the link between pragmatism and the selected research approach, questions, and goals is crucial for achieving meaningful and beneficial results. The research questions relate to exploring how various advanced technologies can be used to enhance disaster response and what difficulties are faced. Among the objectives, there is a focus on the evaluation of the practical applicability of these technologies and the determination of the best practices for implementing them. Since the research is based on pragmatism, the purpose of the study is to identify solutions that can be used in realistic disasters and emergencies (Selanon et al., 2024). It aids in the creation of research that is not only significant for academic purposes but also for disaster management, hence developing better strategies that may assist in minimizing the loss of lives and the impacts of disasters.

Literature Review

Wankmüller et al. (2021) sought to examine the use of drones in emergency interventions and in cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary emergency interventions. In their studies, they opined that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are more appropriate in terms of offering information besides surveillance during a calamity. This capability helps the emergency responders assess the conditions, the people in need of rescue, and the overall approach to the rescue mission. The study assists the research proposal by highlighting the benefits of drones for the improvement of disaster response and by emphasizing the necessity of technological innovation’s adoption in disaster response.

Likewise, Sun et al. (2020) aimed at exploring the use of AI in the disaster management domain. This made it clear from the study that big data sciences, through AI technologies, were able to predict disasters such as earthquakes and floods for early warning. It is also involved in decision-making during disasters by providing details on a certain risk and a plan on how to manage resources. As a basis for this proposal for this paper, the following evidence is given on how AI can enhance natural disaster results as well as the significance of the technology in disaster management.

Williams et al. (2024) also described the use of some technologies, including drone technology and artificial intelligence, during disaster response. They also stressed the importance of interoperability and coordination of emergency management information systems in real time. Some of them believe that the involvement of technology in a broader sense could lead to the formulation of better structured and coordinated plans for disaster management. This article is relevant to the research proposal since it highlights the need for the application of multiple technologies in disaster management and outlines possible research avenues for addressing the challenges of implementation.

Altogether, these articles contribute to the support of the stated hypothesis that the use of high technologies can improve the processes of disaster management and prevention. For instance, Wankmüller et al. (2021) provide practical applications of drones; Sun et al. (2020) demonstrate how AI can help predict; and finally, Williams et al. (2024) highlight the importance of systems integration. However, these studies also urge more research about the use and deployment of these technologies, how they will work together, and how data can be exchanged in real time to get the most out of them in disaster management. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: See comment in the introduction by citing the gap

Conclusion

The current studies by Wankmüller et al. (2021), Sun et al. (2020), and Williams et al. (2024) support the proposition that the use of new technologies like drones and AI can bring a change in disaster relief and recovery. While these studies offer a strong base, they also show that there is still a lack of knowledge on the integration and application of such technologies on a large scale in multiple types of disasters. Concerns for the future include the ability to combine multiple technologies and how logistical and ethical questions can be answered. Thus, addressing these gaps will make this study provide fresh insights and real-world recommendations for enhancing disaster management practices.

References

Selanon, P., Puggioni, F., & Dejnirattisai, S. (2024). An Inclusive Park Design Based on a Research Process: A Case Study of Thammasat Water Sport Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand. Buildings, 14(6), 1669. https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/6/1669 Comment by Ashraf Esmail: The title of all journals should be italicized in the reference list

Sun, W., Bocchini, P., & Davison, B. D. (2020). Applications of artificial intelligence for disaster management. Natural Hazards, 103(3), 2631-2689. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-020-04124-3

Tembo, C. K., & Akintola, A. (2022). A retrospection of methodological pluralism in the journal of financial management of property and construction (2005-2020). Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 27(3), 348-364. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JFMPC-11-2020-0074/full/html

Wankmüller, C., Kunovjanek, M., & Mayrgündter, S. (2021). Drones in emergency response–evidence from cross-border, multi-disciplinary usability tests. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102567. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212420921005288

Williams, R., Chen, L., & Rodriguez, P. (2024). Technology Integration in Emergency Management. Expert Systems with Applications, 22(4), 99-115. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417423001853

Instructions.docx

Proposed Methodology (3 paragraphs)

In this section,

· Explain the population you plan to study.

· Will you address the entire demographic or just a sample?

· How did you decide?

· Select your participants and provide an appropriate reason for the selection. For example, are you studying every child in a particular classroom or every third name in the phone book?

· Emphasize the relevance of the chosen group to the study.

· Identify any possible stakeholders that would have an interest in your research. (Shelters, community centers, etc.)

· Justify your choice of methodology and why it is the most appropriate for your research.

· Will you use quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods?

· Justify your choice of research instruments or design with examples.

· For example, if you are designing a survey or a focus group, list some questions you might ask and explain how they will help you to gather relevant data.

· Propose solutions or strategies to address any challenges encountered during the study.

· For example, do you think your participants will be easy to connect with or difficult to access? Will funding be problematic?

· Are you at risk of uncovering something about your population that could harm or damage them, and if so, how will you address those concerns? Are there any ethical dilemmas to the research results?

· Discuss the insights gained from addressing ethical concerns, special considerations required, or any other challenges faced while finalizing your research proposal.

Conclusion (1 Paragraph)

· In this section, Explain your understanding of the research proposal development journey.

· Discuss what conclusions you hope to find and summarize the implications for social groups and policy change and whether your hypothesis would be supported.

· Discuss what you have learned from putting together a research proposal of your own.

· Discuss what you have learned about your topic since the beginning of the process.

The Research Proposal final paper,

· must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA StyleLinks to an external site. as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA Formatting for Microsoft WordLinks to an external site. .

· must include a separate title page with the following in title case:

· title of paper in bold font

· Space should appear between the title and the rest of the information on the title page.

· student’s name

· name of institution (The University of Arizona Global Campus)

· course name and numbe

· instructor’s name

· due date

· must utilize academic voice. Review the Academic VoiceLinks to an external site. resource for additional guidance.

· must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph.

· Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper.

· For assistance on writing Introductions & ConclusionsLinks to an external site. and Writing a Thesis StatementLinks to an external site. , refer to the Writing Center resources.

· must utilize at least 3 credible sources in addition to course materials.

· The Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible SourcesLinks to an external site. table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.

· must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your PaperLinks to an external site. guide.

· must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center. Review the APA: Formatting Your References ListLinks to an external site. resource in the Writing Center for specifications.

TheRoleofTechnologyinEnhancingDisasterResponseandRecoveryMarkUp.docx

1

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Michael Holmes

University of Arizona Global Campus

SOC 333 Research Methods

Ashraf Esmail

18 July 2024

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Disaster Response and Recovery

Given the ever-increasing trends of natural disasters and their effects, there is no better time than now to emphasize the importance of efficient disaster response and recovery systems. This research proposal seeks to focus on the social issue of poor disaster management since it impacts the lives of people in the affected regions. The identity groups that are more vulnerable to this problem include those living in coastal areas, seismic zones, and regions prone to hurricanes, floods, and wildfires. Such communities are usually the most affected by natural disasters that include loss of life, displacement, and massive destruction of property. The significance of this research topic lies in the fact that the application of such innovations as drones and AI in disaster response is capable of bringing about significant change. This proposal is particularly significant to me as it falls under my area of interest, which seeks to use technology to address complex issues in the world today. This research could have a positive impact and can help save lives and minimize economic damage in the case of disasters by strengthening disaster management. It should matter to the reader because disaster response is a matter of concern to everybody, and improved practices in this area would mean that the world is better prepared for disasters that are bound to occur from time to time. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: Can you cite a peer reviewed journal article form the last 5 years and identify what authors are indicating in the conclusion of their article what future research should examine. This will establish the gap in the research. I would quote it

Worldview

The chosen worldview for this research is pragmatism. It is because the concept of pragmatism is particularly useful when concerning practical implications and real-world applications in the case of disaster response and recovery. This worldview is pragmatic in nature, where the value of an idea or concept is determined by how useful it is in dealing with practical issues. To that end, pragmatism helps choose more developed technologies such as drones and AI and analyze the practical value of their application in improving disaster management. The pragmatic approach is consistent with the aim of enhancing operations involved in disaster response by focusing on tangible outcomes that may be of added value to emergency management agencies and the communities they serve (Tembo & Akintola, 2022).

The concept of pragmatism easily fits into the mixed-method research design because it incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data. This methodology is suitable for this study since it offers a broader understanding of the efficiency and issues involved in the application of advanced technologies in disaster management. Measures such as response times and recovery rates can be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technologies, whereas interviews and surveys supplement the quantitative data by offering the views of emergency responders and the public on the technologies. The use of mixed methods, which the pragmatic worldview permits, ensures that the research can address the disaster response issue comprehensively in its multifaceted form. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: What specific quantitative and qualitative methods will you use?

Thus, the link between pragmatism and the selected research approach, questions, and goals is crucial for achieving meaningful and beneficial results. The research questions relate to exploring how various advanced technologies can be used to enhance disaster response and what difficulties are faced. Among the objectives, there is a focus on the evaluation of the practical applicability of these technologies and the determination of the best practices for implementing them. Since the research is based on pragmatism, the purpose of the study is to identify solutions that can be used in realistic disasters and emergencies (Selanon et al., 2024). It aids in the creation of research that is not only significant for academic purposes but also for disaster management, hence developing better strategies that may assist in minimizing the loss of lives and the impacts of disasters.

Literature Review

Wankmüller et al. (2021) sought to examine the use of drones in emergency interventions and in cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary emergency interventions. In their studies, they opined that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are more appropriate in terms of offering information besides surveillance during a calamity. This capability helps the emergency responders assess the conditions, the people in need of rescue, and the overall approach to the rescue mission. The study assists the research proposal by highlighting the benefits of drones for the improvement of disaster response and by emphasizing the necessity of technological innovation’s adoption in disaster response.

Likewise, Sun et al. (2020) aimed at exploring the use of AI in the disaster management domain. This made it clear from the study that big data sciences, through AI technologies, were able to predict disasters such as earthquakes and floods for early warning. It is also involved in decision-making during disasters by providing details on a certain risk and a plan on how to manage resources. As a basis for this proposal for this paper, the following evidence is given on how AI can enhance natural disaster results as well as the significance of the technology in disaster management.

Williams et al. (2024) also described the use of some technologies, including drone technology and artificial intelligence, during disaster response. They also stressed the importance of interoperability and coordination of emergency management information systems in real time. Some of them believe that the involvement of technology in a broader sense could lead to the formulation of better structured and coordinated plans for disaster management. This article is relevant to the research proposal since it highlights the need for the application of multiple technologies in disaster management and outlines possible research avenues for addressing the challenges of implementation.

Altogether, these articles contribute to the support of the stated hypothesis that the use of high technologies can improve the processes of disaster management and prevention. For instance, Wankmüller et al. (2021) provide practical applications of drones; Sun et al. (2020) demonstrate how AI can help predict; and finally, Williams et al. (2024) highlight the importance of systems integration. However, these studies also urge more research about the use and deployment of these technologies, how they will work together, and how data can be exchanged in real time to get the most out of them in disaster management. Comment by Ashraf Esmail: See comment in the introduction by citing the gap

Conclusion

The current studies by Wankmüller et al. (2021), Sun et al. (2020), and Williams et al. (2024) support the proposition that the use of new technologies like drones and AI can bring a change in disaster relief and recovery. While these studies offer a strong base, they also show that there is still a lack of knowledge on the integration and application of such technologies on a large scale in multiple types of disasters. Concerns for the future include the ability to combine multiple technologies and how logistical and ethical questions can be answered. Thus, addressing these gaps will make this study provide fresh insights and real-world recommendations for enhancing disaster management practices.

References

Selanon, P., Puggioni, F., & Dejnirattisai, S. (2024). An Inclusive Park Design Based on a Research Process: A Case Study of Thammasat Water Sport Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand. Buildings, 14(6), 1669. https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/6/1669 Comment by Ashraf Esmail: The title of all journals should be italicized in the reference list

Sun, W., Bocchini, P., & Davison, B. D. (2020). Applications of artificial intelligence for disaster management. Natural Hazards, 103(3), 2631-2689. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-020-04124-3

Tembo, C. K., & Akintola, A. (2022). A retrospection of methodological pluralism in the journal of financial management of property and construction (2005-2020). Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 27(3), 348-364. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JFMPC-11-2020-0074/full/html

Wankmüller, C., Kunovjanek, M., & Mayrgündter, S. (2021). Drones in emergency response–evidence from cross-border, multi-disciplinary usability tests. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102567. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212420921005288

Williams, R., Chen, L., & Rodriguez, P. (2024). Technology Integration in Emergency Management. Expert Systems with Applications, 22(4), 99-115. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417423001853