SOCCUL4
2 years ago
8
Unit4AssignmentSocCulture.pdf
5-IdentitiesProblemsandMovementscreatedSp22-Tagged.pdf
- Kwan2009-FramingtheFatBody.pdf
Unit4AssignmentSocCulture.pdf
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You are required to number your responses, submit your work as a PDF, and to be detailed and thorough in all your responses. I expect it will take at least one paragraph to answer each question.
Expectations for Written Work
1. Number your responses if the questions/prompts are numbered. 2. When completing any writing assignment, keep in mind the point of all the assigned tasks in this
course: to demonstrate knowledge about the subject, to demonstrate your ability to think critically, to demonstrate the use of your sociological imagination, and to demonstrate your ability to write clearly and effectively. Before submitting your work, be sure that all your responses do each of these things.
3. All written work should be well-written and well thought-out meaning it should utilize full sentences with proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation and demonstrate critical thinking skills and subject knowledge.
4. Longer responses on written work typically receive higher scores because they usually demonstrate deeper thought, more critical thinking and analysis, and better content mastery. However, lengthy "fluff" responses that don't actually say anything meaningful will result in a loss of points.
5. Skipping a question or questions on any assignment will result in a significant drop in your score for that assignment because it shows a lack of effort. You should always attempt to answer every question.
6. Similarly, be sure you fully answer all the questions asked. Often there are multiple parts and it is critical that you do everything that is asked of you and fully answer all questions.
7. Neglecting to follow directions may result in a 0 for the entire assignment.
On Artificial Intelligence (AI) Specifically:
In this course, we will utilize an AI detection tool when we score your written work and this tool is incredibly accurate. The chances of anyone getting away with using Artificial Intelligence (AI) are essentially nil. Students who utilize AI or who engage in any other form of academic dishonesty -- plagiarism, collusion, etc. -- will first be given a 0 on the assignment. NO CHAT GPT
Assignment 4 instructions on PAGE 2
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Assignment 4 Read the following articles and external links
● Watch this video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVylRwmYmJE ● Read the powerpoint ● Relevant Details about ARTICLE: Framing the Fat Body ● Explanation of Framing Theory: "Framing theory and frame analysis build on the basic tenets of
social constructivism, providing a theoretical and methodological tool for the study of social problems in the public arena. As a sociological concept, framing has its roots in Goffman’s work. According to Goffman (1974:25), framing is an attempt to define “What is it that’s going on here?” As cognitive shortcuts, frames enable actors to make sense of everyday social experiences; actors can arrive at a “definition of a situation,” organize and interpret experience, and act accordingly (Goffman 1974). In other words, frames enable efficient information processing, suggesting what is at issue and a course of action. The process involves selection and salience; selecting some aspect of a perceived reality and making it salient so as to promote a particular definition of the problem (Entman 1993). It also involves diagnosing causes, making moral judgments, and suggesting policy remedies (Gamson 1992; Iyengar 1991; Ryan 1991)."
● Article Abstract: "Sociologists have long recognized that social problems do not derive solely from objective conditions but from a process of collective definition. At the core of some social issues are framing competitions, struggles over the production of ideas and meanings. This article examines competing cultural meanings about the fat body. Through frame analysis of organizational materials, I map the contested field of obesity and document three cultural frames—medical frame, social justice frame, and market choice frame— as represented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA), and the food industry group the Center for Consumer Freedom (CCF), respectively. Using the “framing matrix,” I explore each frame’s key signature elements and discuss its social and cultural significance. Notably, each frame leads to different outcomes for social equality and how society thinks about fat bodies, health, and public policy."
Questions:
1. What is a recent event that "just happened" but became culturally meaningful? Why did this event become meaningful while many other things that "just happened" did not? Be very specific and detailed.
2. How is the Black Lives Matter movement framed? Be specific and discuss at least two ways it is framed. (This may require you to do some research on BLM!)
3. Look over the editorial secction of the Houston Chronicle (https://www.houstonchronicle.com/opinion/editorials/
Links to an external site.) and use it to identify a social problem that is currently capturing public attention. Describe how this social problem came to be identified and how it is being constructed in the editorial you selected. What are some other ways it could have been constructed? Do you think the way it is being constructed in the editorial is catching on/will catch on? Why or why not? Consider and utilize the course material on which problems/constructions of problems/movements tend to gain traction and why.
5-IdentitiesProblemsandMovementscreatedSp22-Tagged.pdf
Jennifer L. Adams, M.A. Identities, Problems, and Movements
Introduction • Every society produces pathological, dysfunctional, cruel,
shameful, and even evil conditions. • These conditions are and/or lead to social problems. Examples? • Objective View: the situation is real, can be identified, can be
objectively measured, and most everyone will agree it’s a problem • Constructivist View: social problems are socially constructed and
are therefore cultural objects produced by specific agents (known as claims-makers) • A specific agent defines the situation as problematic and convinces an
audience (usually with a collective identity) to agree. • If the audience mobilizes for change, they become a social movement.
Constructing a Collective Identity
Constructing a Collective Identity
Identity is the qualities, beliefs, personality traits, appearance, and/or expressions that characterize a person or group. • Identity is also a social construction meaning it is malleable, fluid, and subject
to interpretation. • Examples of changes in identity? • People can change their group memberships, the causes they support, the people they
hang out with, their institutional ties, their physical appearance, their occupation, their citizenship, (increasingly) their gender identity, and so on.
Collective identity refers to the shared definition of a group that derives from its members' common interests, experiences, and solidarities. • When a collective identity forms it produces a shared way of thinking (a social mind) that perceives the world a certain way (including what is and is not a social problem). • Cognitive Activation Action
• Example: Race/Ethnicity (pgs. 99-104)
Constructing a Social Problem
Constructing a Social Problem • Most of us can rattle off a list of social problems
without hesitation (like we did at the start of class). • But social problems are specific to each culture and
society. • Examples of differing (sub)cultural views on the same
social problem? • Ex: Teen Pregnancy US vs. Nigeria
• Media define and focus attention on certain social problems. • Examples? • Ex: The Jungle
Making Trouble • Reminder: Culture imposes meanings on an otherwise chaotic and random
universe. • Culture turns events and things into cultural objects with meanings specific to
each culture. • Things that “just happen” are made into meaningful cultural objects.
• Sometimes these things that “just happen” turn into a cultural object that is defined as a social problem. Examples? • Ex: George Floyd’s Murder – What social problem(s) did this bring to light? • And the existence of a problem implies the existence of a solution.
• What are some of the possible solutions to the social problem brought to light by GF’s murder?
• Process: becomes a cultural object read against a “horizon of expectations” interpreted assumed to have a creator seen as something to be overcome • Ex: Poverty (p. 105)
From Happening to Event to SP • Social problems tend to fit with the ideas and institutions of society. • Examples: • In the US drunk driving is seen as a personal rather than a structural
problem (p. 106-107) because of our culture’s emphasis on individualism. • In Nigeria witchcraft is seen as a social problem (p. 107-108) because their
culture believes in witchcraft.
The Career of a Social Problem • Since SPs are culturally defined and socially constructed,
their definitions and popularity evolve over time. • Hilgartner and Bosk (1988):
• SPs compete for: • 1. the framing or definition of the problem itself • 2. the attention of institutions (and individuals)
• Winning SPs are typically: • dramatic • resonate with culture • politically viable
• Ex: AIDS epidemic (p. 108-109)
Constructing a Social Movement
Constructing a Social Movement • Recognition of a problem does not always mobilize people to do
anything to address the problem. • Social movements require people to (1) recognize a problem, (2)
accept the possibility of a solution, and (3) to regard a certain line of action as likely to succeed in solving the problem. • Doing this requires framing the problem in such a way that the
audience accepts its relevance. • Goffman (1974): Frame – an interpretive scheme that enables people to
make sense of what they experience • Ex: Beggar in India vs. US (p. 110)
• The framer must get the audience to see the problem her way and must stir people up, move them somehow. • Cognitive + Emotional Appeal - Examples?
• Ex: ASPCA Commercials • Mass media play a crucial role in this process. (Details on pages 112-113.)
Conclusion
Conclusion • Most people regard SPs as malfunctions in the social system that
demand solutions. • SPs are often complex and multi-layered as well as inter-related. • Examples of inter-related SPs?
• All cultural objects – including SPs – are just an interpretation, a set of meanings that fit a context of ideas and institutions that translate random happenings into events that suggest attitudes and actions. • SPs are cultural objects that are socially constructed: • Some things are successfully framed as problems and others are not. • Some problems get attention and resources and others do not.
Food for Thought What do you think of this sentiment? Why?
Any questions?
- Identities, Problems, and Movements
- Introduction
- Slide 3
- Constructing a Collective Identity
- Slide 5
- Constructing a Social Problem
- Making Trouble
- From Happening to Event to SP
- The Career of a Social Problem
- Slide 10
- Constructing a Social Movement
- Slide 12
- Conclusion
- Food for Thought What do you think of this sentiment? Why?
- Any questions?
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