Research project

Slide 1: Title Slide A. Title: Diagnosis & Management of Pulmonary Embolism B. Presenter’s name and credentials C. Date and audience Slide 2: Introduction A. Purpose: Enhance NP skills in PE diagnosis and management B. Overview: Covers epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and NP role C. Importance: Improve patient outcomes in acute care Slide 3: Significance of PE A. Definition of pulmonary embolism B. Impact on morbidity and mortality C. Relevance to NP practice Slide 4: Epidemiology: Incidence A. Global and regional incidence rates B. Prevalence in acute care settings C. Public health implications Slide 5: Epidemiology: Demographics A. Age, gender, and ethnicity trends B. High-risk patient groups C. NP demographic awareness Slide 6: Risk Factors: Primary A. Immobility, surgery, and trauma B. Hospitalization-related risks C. NP risk screening techniques Slide 7: Risk Factors: Secondary A. Malignancy, pregnancy, and hormonal therapy B. Genetic and chronic conditions C. NP history-taking focus Slide 8: Pathophysiology: Thrombus Formation A. Process of clot development B. Link to venous thromboembolism C. Clinical relevance Slide 9: Pathophysiology: Systemic Impact A. Effects on pulmonary circulation B. Cardiac and hemodynamic consequences C. NP care implications Slide 10: Clinical Symptoms: Common A. Dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia B. Hypoxia and respiratory distress C. NP symptom identification Slide 11: Clinical Symptoms: Atypical A. Syncope, fatigue, and vague symptoms

B. Challenges in atypical cases C. NP vigilance Slide 12: Physical Assessment: Core Techniques A. Vital signs and oxygen saturation B. Respiratory system evaluation C. NP exam fundamentals Slide 13: Physical Assessment: Specialized Findings A. Cardiac signs and peripheral edema B. Lung auscultation specifics C. NP documentation skills Slide 14: Clinical Decision Tools: Wells Score A. Components and scoring B. Probability assessment C. NP application in practice Slide 15: Clinical Decision Tools: Geneva Score A. Revised Geneva Score overview B. Use in acute settings C. NP decision-making aid Slide 16: Laboratory Tests: D-dimer A. Role in ruling out PE B. Test limitations and specificity C. NP interpretation Slide 17: Laboratory Tests: Additional Markers A. Troponin, BNP, and ABG B. Supporting diagnostic process C. NP result integration Slide 18: Imaging: CT Pulmonary Angiography A. Gold standard for PE diagnosis B. Procedure and indications C. NP coordination role Slide 19: Imaging: V/Q Scan A. Alternative imaging option B. Indications and limitations C. NP imaging decisions Slide 20: Diagnostic Standards: New vs Old A. Discuss historical standard for imaging and PE diagnosis B. Discuss new gold-standard for imaging and PE diagnosis C. Discuss reasons for change in standard Slide 21: Diagnostic Workflow A. Stepwise PE diagnostic approach B. Combining clinical and test data C. NP efficiency in diagnosis

Slide 22: Anticoagulation: First-Line Therapy A. Low-molecular-weight heparin, DOACs B. Dosing and administration C. NP treatment initiation Slide 23: Anticoagulation: Monitoring A. Bleeding risk and side effects B. Lab monitoring requirements C. NP patient oversight Slide 24: Thrombolytic Therapy A. Indications for high-risk PE B. Risks and contraindications C. NP role in critical care Slide 25: Non-Pharmacologic: Supportive Care A. Oxygen therapy and ventilation B. Hemodynamic stabilization C. NP care planning Slide 26: Non-Pharmacologic: IVC Filters A. Indications and procedure B. Follow-up and complications C. NP involvement Slide 27: Special Populations: A. Pregnancy & Postpartum B. Children & VTE Slide 28: Special Populations: A. Discuss clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment B. Follow-up and long-term management Slide 29: Decision Tree for PE A. attach image of decision tree Slide 30: Patient Education: Treatment Adherence A. Importance of medication compliance B. Recognizing adverse effects C. NP education strategies Slide 31: Patient Education: Lifestyle Changes A. Activity, diet, and risk reduction B. Long-term health strategies C. NP counseling techniques Slide 32: Follow-Up Care A. Anticoagulation duration and monitoring B. Scheduling follow-up visits C. NP role in continuity

Slide 33: Complications and Prevention A. Chronic thromboembolic disease, recurrence B. Thromboprophylaxis and risk stratification C. NP advocacy for prevention Slide 34: Conclusion and Q&A A. Summary of key points B. NP impact on PE outcomes C. Open floor for questions Slide 35: References Chopard, R., Behr, J., Vidoni, C., Ecarnot, F., & Meneveau, N. (2022). An update on the management of acute high-risk pulmonary embolism. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(16), 4807. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164807

de Wit, K., & D’Arsigny, C. L. (2023). Risk stratification of acute pulmonary embolism. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 21(11), 3016-3023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.05.003

Duffy, J., Berger, F. H., Cheng, I., Shelton, D., Galanaud, J. P., Selby, R., ... & Hall, J. (2023). Implementation of the YEARS algorithm to optimise pulmonary embolism diagnostic workup in the emergency department. BMJ Open Quality, 12(2), e002119. https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/12/2/e002119

Højen, A. A., Nielsen, P. B., Overvad, T. F., Albertsen, I. E., Klok, F. A., Rolving, N., ... & Ording, A. G. (2022). Long-term management of pulmonary embolism: a review of consequences, treatment, and rehabilitation. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5970.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195970

Khan, F., Tritschler, T., Kahn, S. R., & Rodger, M. A. (2021). Venous thromboembolism. The lancet, 398(10294), 64-77. https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(20)32658- 1/abstract

Kulka, H. C., Zeller, A., Fornaro, J., Wuillemin, W. A., Konstantinides, S., & Christ, M. (2021). Acute Pulmonary Embolism: its diagnosis and treatment from a multidisciplinary viewpoint. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, 118(37), 618. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0226

Monteleone, P., Ahern, R., Banerjee, S., Desai, K. R., Kadian-Dodov, D., Webber, E., ... & Parikh, S. A. (2024). Modern treatment of pulmonary embolism (USCDT vs MT): results from a real-world, big data analysis (REAL-PE). Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions, 3(1), 101192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101192

Murthi, M., Velagapudi, S., Park, D. Y., & Shaka, H. (2022). Pulmonary embolism readmission trend over the years (from a National Readmission Database). The American journal of cardiology, 184,

133-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.08.025

Visconti, L., Celi, A., Carrozzi, L., Tinelli, C., Crocetti, L., Daviddi, F., ... & Pancani, R. (2024). Inferior vena cava filters: Concept review and summary of current guidelines. Vascular Pharmacology, 107375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2024.107375

Vrettou, C. S., Dima, E., & Sigala, I. (2024). Pulmonary Embolism in Critically Ill Patients— Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management. Diagnostics, 14(19), 2208.

https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192208

Slide 1: Title Slide A. Title: Diagnosis & Management of Pulmonary Embolism B. Presenter’s name and credentials C. Date and audience Slide 2: Introduction A. Purpose: Enhance NP skills in PE diagnosis and management B. Overview: Covers epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and NP role C. Importance: Improve patient outcomes in acute care Slide 3: Significance of PE A. Definition of pulmonary embolism B. Impact on morbidity and mortality C. Relevance to NP practice Slide 4: Epidemiology: Incidence A. Global and regional incidence rates B. Prevalence in acute care settings C. Public health implications Slide 5: Epidemiology: Demographics A. Age, gender, and ethnicity trends B. High-risk patient groups C. NP demographic awareness Slide 6: Risk Factors: Primary A. Immobility, surgery, and trauma B. Hospitalization-related risks C. NP risk screening techniques Slide 7: Risk Factors: Secondary A. Malignancy, pregnancy, and hormonal therapy B. Genetic and chronic conditions C. NP history-taking focus Slide 8: Pathophysiology: Thrombus Formation A. Process of clot development B. Link to venous thromboembolism C. Clinical relevance Slide 9: Pathophysiology: Systemic Impact A. Effects on pulmonary circulation B. Cardiac and hemodynamic consequences C. NP care implications Slide 10: Clinical Symptoms: Common A. Dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia B. Hypoxia and respiratory distress C. NP symptom identification Slide 11: Clinical Symptoms: Atypical A. Syncope, fatigue, and vague symptoms

B. Challenges in atypical cases C. NP vigilance Slide 12: Physical Assessment: Core Techniques A. Vital signs and oxygen saturation B. Respiratory system evaluation C. NP exam fundamentals Slide 13: Physical Assessment: Specialized Findings A. Cardiac signs and peripheral edema B. Lung auscultation specifics C. NP documentation skills Slide 14: Clinical Decision Tools: Wells Score A. Components and scoring B. Probability assessment C. NP application in practice Slide 15: Clinical Decision Tools: Geneva Score A. Revised Geneva Score overview B. Use in acute settings C. NP decision-making aid Slide 16: Laboratory Tests: D-dimer A. Role in ruling out PE B. Test limitations and specificity C. NP interpretation Slide 17: Laboratory Tests: Additional Markers A. Troponin, BNP, and ABG B. Supporting diagnostic process C. NP result integration Slide 18: Imaging: CT Pulmonary Angiography A. Gold standard for PE diagnosis B. Procedure and indications C. NP coordination role Slide 19: Imaging: V/Q Scan A. Alternative imaging option B. Indications and limitations C. NP imaging decisions Slide 20: Diagnostic Standards: New vs Old A. Discuss historical standard for imaging and PE diagnosis B. Discuss new gold-standard for imaging and PE diagnosis C. Discuss reasons for change in standard Slide 21: Diagnostic Workflow A. Stepwise PE diagnostic approach B. Combining clinical and test data C. NP efficiency in diagnosis

Slide 22: Anticoagulation: First-Line Therapy A. Low-molecular-weight heparin, DOACs B. Dosing and administration C. NP treatment initiation Slide 23: Anticoagulation: Monitoring A. Bleeding risk and side effects B. Lab monitoring requirements C. NP patient oversight Slide 24: Thrombolytic Therapy A. Indications for high-risk PE B. Risks and contraindications C. NP role in critical care Slide 25: Non-Pharmacologic: Supportive Care A. Oxygen therapy and ventilation B. Hemodynamic stabilization C. NP care planning Slide 26: Non-Pharmacologic: IVC Filters A. Indications and procedure B. Follow-up and complications C. NP involvement Slide 27: Special Populations: A. Pregnancy & Postpartum B. Children & VTE Slide 28: Special Populations: A. Discuss clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment B. Follow-up and long-term management Slide 29: Decision Tree for PE A. attach image of decision tree Slide 30: Patient Education: Treatment Adherence A. Importance of medication compliance B. Recognizing adverse effects C. NP education strategies Slide 31: Patient Education: Lifestyle Changes A. Activity, diet, and risk reduction B. Long-term health strategies C. NP counseling techniques Slide 32: Follow-Up Care A. Anticoagulation duration and monitoring B. Scheduling follow-up visits C. NP role in continuity

Slide 33: Complications and Prevention A. Chronic thromboembolic disease, recurrence B. Thromboprophylaxis and risk stratification C. NP advocacy for prevention Slide 34: Conclusion and Q&A A. Summary of key points B. NP impact on PE outcomes C. Open floor for questions Slide 35: References Chopard, R., Behr, J., Vidoni, C., Ecarnot, F., & Meneveau, N. (2022). An update on the management of acute high-risk pulmonary embolism. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(16), 4807. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164807

de Wit, K., & D’Arsigny, C. L. (2023). Risk stratification of acute pulmonary embolism. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 21(11), 3016-3023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.05.003

Duffy, J., Berger, F. H., Cheng, I., Shelton, D., Galanaud, J. P., Selby, R., ... & Hall, J. (2023). Implementation of the YEARS algorithm to optimise pulmonary embolism diagnostic workup in the emergency department. BMJ Open Quality, 12(2), e002119. https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/12/2/e002119

Højen, A. A., Nielsen, P. B., Overvad, T. F., Albertsen, I. E., Klok, F. A., Rolving, N., ... & Ording, A. G. (2022). Long-term management of pulmonary embolism: a review of consequences, treatment, and rehabilitation. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5970.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195970

Khan, F., Tritschler, T., Kahn, S. R., & Rodger, M. A. (2021). Venous thromboembolism. The lancet, 398(10294), 64-77. https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(20)32658- 1/abstract

Kulka, H. C., Zeller, A., Fornaro, J., Wuillemin, W. A., Konstantinides, S., & Christ, M. (2021). Acute Pulmonary Embolism: its diagnosis and treatment from a multidisciplinary viewpoint. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, 118(37), 618. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0226

Monteleone, P., Ahern, R., Banerjee, S., Desai, K. R., Kadian-Dodov, D., Webber, E., ... & Parikh, S. A. (2024). Modern treatment of pulmonary embolism (USCDT vs MT): results from a real-world, big data analysis (REAL-PE). Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions, 3(1), 101192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101192

Murthi, M., Velagapudi, S., Park, D. Y., & Shaka, H. (2022). Pulmonary embolism readmission trend over the years (from a National Readmission Database). The American journal of cardiology, 184,

133-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.08.025

Visconti, L., Celi, A., Carrozzi, L., Tinelli, C., Crocetti, L., Daviddi, F., ... & Pancani, R. (2024). Inferior vena cava filters: Concept review and summary of current guidelines. Vascular Pharmacology, 107375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2024.107375

Vrettou, C. S., Dima, E., & Sigala, I. (2024). Pulmonary Embolism in Critically Ill Patients— Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management. Diagnostics, 14(19), 2208.

https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192208