Research outline

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Assignment Guide: Research Outline

Assignment Overview

What is an outline?

An outline presents a succinct way to organize your argument prior to actually  drafting  the essay. In many ways, an outline is as much an idea organizer as it is a way to fully process your argument as a whole.  Outlining  maps out all the details of your argument and points to areas where you may need to do a little more reading, or in other words, where gaps might exist. An outline is considered a working document; thus, as you craft it and then later as you draft the essay, the ideas or their order of presentation may evolve.

Is an outline a roadmap for  drafting  my Researched Argument?

Absolutely. In order for an argument to be convincing, all the  evidence  needs to be in place, but just as important is the order by which you share the  evidence .  An outline helps you to see all the pieces of your argument so that later, when you draft the argument essay, you will have all your ideas and  evidence  ready to go.

 

How can I effectively prepare to present my argument?

The method you choose to organize and present your ideas is very important. There are three notable argumentative models: the Toulmin Method, the Rogerian Method and the Classical Method. In brief, the Toulmin method is built on  logic , the Rogerian method is built on compromise and compassion, and the Classical Method is built on a common understanding of facts.  All methodologies are equally as effective when consideration is given to the rhetorical situation. The argumentative model that will be used for this course is the Toulmin model of argument.

What does the Toulmin method include?

The formula for the Toulmin method includes the following considerations (this has been slightly modified for this course):

Item

Description

Main  Claim

The main  claim  is the  thesis  of your argument–the overall stance your paper is taking. The  claim  is debatable, should be complex, and must be paired with ideas and  evidence  to support it. Essentially, it is both your main point and the reasons for arguing and what you hope your  audience  will see. The main  claim  addresses: what are you trying to demonstrate?

 Reasons/Points   

The reasons, in many ways, are the second part of your  claim . Developing and clearly articulating the “reasons” for your position is key to developing your argument. As you can imagine a well-articulated  claim  + reasons will drive your argument.

Warrant (the Bridge)

A sentence or two that explains the reason. In other words, a general principle that explains why you think your  evidence  is relevant to your  claim . The warrant addresses: why you think your  evidence  supports your  claim

Evidence

The  evidence  (data or grounds) is  evidence  you’ve collected to support your  claim  and reasons. The  evidence  addresses: what proof do you have?

* The development of your argumentative essay (later in the course) can be organized by reasons with each reason having a warrant and  evidence .

Counterclaim

This is where you illustrate that you’re familiar with what the opposition  claims . (Be sure to explore each counterpoint, gathering source information to fully understand why people hold that position and to more fully evaluate the  counterargument .)

Rebuttal

While you will always consider the opposition’s  point of view , do not hesitate to reiterate the points that support your  claim . The rebuttal functions as a reiteration of your  evidence  in support of your  claim . Be sure to always make a clear connection between the rebuttal, your  claim  and the  evidence  that points in your direction. * Counterclaims and rebuttals can appear anywhere in the essay you will develop later in the course.

Assignment Prompt: Research Outline

Assignment Prompt: Research Outline

 

Overview

The research outline serves as a stepping-stone between the planning and  drafting phases of writing. This assignment gives you a chance to frame your future project, and put Toumlin’s method of argument into action, without having to make every element of the essay concrete. The research outline allows you to more proactively plan for a strong and solid essay, but also gives you the flexibility to change any elements that might require  revision, before they are fully formed.

 

Expectations

By providing a blueprint for your future essay, the research outline helps you to:

· Build an  organizational strategy for your essay

· Reinforce connections between the central  claim, reasons, warrants,  counter argument, and  evidence

· Determine what elements of the essay may require  revision

· Make structural, content, and organizational changes, in a manageable format 

Requirements

Length/Development: 

The outline must be written in complete sentences.  *There is a 300 word-minimum requirement for this assignment. If the word-minimum is not met, your assignment may be returned with no grade and a resubmission will be required.   

Organization :

The outline must include: a central  claim, three reasons, warrants, and paired  evidence. The outline should also include at least one  counterargument and one rebuttal. Without all of these components included, your work may be returned with no grade and a resubmission will be required. *You can add more categories, as you need them (but never less). For example, you may have 4 reasons, warrants, and supportive data for your  claim, rather than the minimum of 3.

Component

Content

Conditions

Intro

Main  Claim/ Thesis Statement

Top Tip: Use these three Strategies for  Thesis Structure: Simple, Straightforward, and Strong. 

Body

1. Reason 1

1.1 Warrant 1

1.1.1  Evidence 

1.1.2  Counterargument & Rebuttal (optional)

Top Tip:  Think about  transitions and other stylistic elements, as you build each element. 

(Only one  counterargument and rebuttal is needed. Writers may choose where to place this.)

Body

2. Reason 2

2.1 Warrant 2

2.1.1.  Evidence

2.1.2.  Counterargument & Rebuttal (optional)

Top Tip: Consider the order you will use for these reasons/warrants. Are you going to start with your strongest point (reason 1), or end with it (reason 3)?

(Only one  counterargument and rebuttal is needed. Writers may choose where to place this.)

Body

3. Reason 3

3.1 Warrant 3

3.1.1.  Evidence

3.1.2  Counterargument & Rebuttal (Required)

Top Tip: Don’t forget to directly address the  counterargument with a rebuttal. This is an essential element of argument writing. 

(Only one  counterargument and rebuttal is needed. Writers may choose where to place this. Note: The last "body" paragraph is a suggestion.)

Document Formatting:  MLA formatting: Heading (name, assignment name, course name, date), original title, header (page numbers), line-spacing (single or double-spaced), 1”margins, and 12-point font size, Times New Roman or sans-serif font.

Genre / Style Formal, numbered outline written using academic  language. All ideas should be shared in complete sentences. See  organization and example.  

Sources:  None formally needed for the purpose of documentation; however, you may want to note from “where” you found your  evidence. See example.