Psychology Assignment

Due Sep 28 by 10:59pm Points 55 Submitting a text entry box or a file upload Attempts 0 Allowed Attempts 2

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EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH RESULTS: STATISTICAL INFERENCE

Correlational research, which you explored in this week’s Discussion, is useful in identifying relations between two variables. But correlational research does not answer questions regarding “cause and effect” among the variables because researchers did not control for outside factors. As you have explored in previous weeks, to demonstrate possible causal relations among variables, researchers will need to manipulate variables in an experimental research design.

In previous weeks, you have practiced generating a hypothesis. Another step in becoming a skilled researcher is possessing sound knowledge of theoretical concepts related to testing a hypothesis to determine if it is plausible. In this Assignment, you will apply key concepts related to experimental design, including hypothesis testing, applying inferential statistics, and analyzing and interpreting the outcome of the study.

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RESOURCES

To prepare:

Read Chapter 13 and review previous chapters for additional support, if necessary. Read the following study scenario:

Researchers are interested in the effectiveness of a particular treatment for insomnia. They contacted 50 insomnia sufferers who responded to a newspaper advertisement to participate in the study. Each participant is given a pill with instructions to take it before going to sleep that night. The pill contains milk powder (a placebo). The participants are randomly assigned to receive one of two sets of instructions about the pill. One half of the participants is told that the pill will make them feel “sleepy,” and the other half is told that the pill will make them feel “awake and alert.” The next day, the participants return to the lab and are asked to indicate how long it took them to fall asleep after taking the pill. The individuals who were told that the pill would make them feel sleepy reported that they fell asleep faster than the participants who were told the pill would make them feel alert.

As needed, review Learning Resources from previous weeks about hypothesis testing and identification of independent and dependent variables in a hypothesis. Think about how this week’s concepts apply to the study above.

Null hypothesis Research hypothesis (also termed alternative hypothesis) Type I and Type II errors

Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.

Review previous chapters if you need to (e.g., Chapter 2 on hypotheses and predictions and/or Chapter 4 on nonexperimental versus experimental research, independent and dependent variables, etc.)

Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2024). Methods in behavioral research (15th ed.). McGraw Hill.

Chapter 13, “Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference”

Readings 

PSYC_3003_Week5_Assignment_Rubric

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Statistical significance and effect size

Submit a 1- to 2-page paper that responds to the following:

With the study scenario in mind, do the following:

Identify the independent variable and dependent variable. State the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. Explain what the researchers would conclude if a Type I error occurred in this study. Explain what the researchers would conclude if a Type II error occurred in this study.

Note: Until this point, there have been two conditions in the study scenario.

Next, presume a third condition was added to the study in which participants are not given any information about the effects of the (placebo) pill. Suppose an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for the three conditions. Briefly interpret, in your own words, what it would mean if the F value for this sleep study was deemed statistically significant.

Do not copy or retype the example study scenario into your Assignment.

Note: Support your responses within your Assignment with evidence from the assigned Learning Resources. Provide a reference list for resources you used for this Assignment. Use APA style for in-text citations and references.

Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.

1. To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as WK5Assgn_LastName_FirstInitial

2. Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page. 3. Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.

BY DAY 7

SUBMISSION INFORMATION

Criteria Ratings Pts

Identification of the independent and dependent variable in the study scenario

5 pts

Identification of the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis in the study scenario

10 pts

Explanation of what the researchers would conclude if a Type I error occurred in this study

10 pts

5 pts A

Response is complete and accurate; contains sufficient details and/or explanation.

4.25 pts B

Response is complete and mostly accurate; contains some details and/or explanation.

3.75 pts C

Response is somewhat complete and/or is somewhat accurate; and/or does not contain sufficient details and/or explanation.

3.25 pts D

Response is incomplete or is mostly inaccurate; lacks sufficient details and/or explanation.

0 pts F

Response is incomplete or not provided; answers are inaccurate and/or not explained.

10 pts A

Response is complete and accurate; contains sufficient details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

8.5 pts B

Response is complete and mostly accurate; contains some details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

7.5 pts C

Response is somewhat complete and/or is somewhat accurate; and/or does not contain sufficient details and/or explanation; includes some supporting information from the Learning Resources.

6.5 pts D

Response is incomplete or is mostly inaccurate; lacks sufficient details and/or explanation; does not include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

0 pts F

Response is incomplete or not provided; answers are inaccurate and/or not explained; does not include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

10 pts A Response is complete and accurate; contains sufficient details and/or explanation; includes

8.5 pts B Response is complete and mostly accurate; contains some details and/or explanation; includes

7.5 pts C Response is somewhat complete and/or is somewhat accurate; and/or does not contain

6.5 pts D Response is incomplete or is mostly inaccurate; lacks sufficient details and/or explanation; does not

0 pts F Response is incomplete or not provided; answers are inaccurate and/or not explained; does not

Criteria Ratings Pts

Explanation of what the researchers would conclude if a Type II error occurred in this study

10 pts

Interpretation of the meaning of a statistically significant F value from an ANOVA if a third condition were added to the study

10 pts

supporting information from the Learning Resources.

supporting information from the Learning Resources.

sufficient details and/or explanation; includes some supporting information from the Learning Resources.

include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

10 pts A Response is complete and accurate; contains sufficient details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

8.5 pts B Response is complete and mostly accurate; contains some details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

7.5 pts C Response is somewhat complete and/or is somewhat accurate; and/or does not contain sufficient details and/or explanation; includes some supporting information from the Learning Resources.

6.5 pts D Response is incomplete or is mostly inaccurate; lacks sufficient details and/or explanation; does not include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

0 pts F Response is incomplete or not provided; answers are inaccurate and/or not explained; does not include supporting information from the Learning Resources.

7.5 pts C

Response is somewhat complete and/or is somewhat accurate; and/or does not contain sufficient details and/or explanation; includes some supporting

6.5 pts D

Response is incomplete or is mostly inaccurate; lacks sufficient details and/or explanation; does not include supporting information from the

0 pts F

Response is incomplete or not provided; answers are inaccurate and/or not explained; does not include supporting information from the

Criteria Ratings Pts

Quality of Writing

10 pts

Total Points: 55

10 pts A Response is complete and accurate; contains sufficient details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

8.5 pts B Response is complete and mostly accurate; contains some details and/or explanation; includes supporting information from the Learning Resources.

information from the Learning Resources.

Learning Resources.

Learning Resources.

10 pts A

Writing is clear and organized with few or no errors in mechanics, usage, grammar, or spelling (MUGS). There is a preponderance of original writing (i.e., use of own words and proper paraphrasing). Information from the Learning Resources is fully provided and correctly documented with citation(s) and reference(s) in correct APA style.

8.5 pts B

Writing is mostly clear and organized with few MUGS errors. Writing is original (i.e., use of own words and proper paraphrasing). Information from the Learning Resources is mostly provided and correctly documented with citation(s) and reference(s) in correct APA style.

7.5 pts C

Writing is somewhat clear and organized with some MUGS errors. Most writing is mostly original (i.e., use of own words and proper paraphrasing) but may rely on the use of some direct quotations. Information from the Learning Resources is partially provided and/or incorrectly documented with citation(s) and/or reference(s), and/or citations(s) and reference(s) do not follow correct APA style.

6.5 pts D

Writing is mostly unclear and disorganized and/or contains many MUGS errors. There is an overuse of direct quotations and/or ineffective paraphrasing. Information from the Learning Resources is significantly lacking and/or is incorrectly documented and/or citation(s) and reference(s) do not follow correct APA style.

0 pts F

Writing is mostly unclear and/or mostly disorganized and/or contains many MUGS errors. There is an underuse of original writing and an overuse of directly quoted content. Information from the Learning Resources is absent and/or is not cited or referenced in any way.