PSYCH (C)

PART A

Copy the below into Word to complete and paste the completed assignment into the grading module.

Learning Objectives

Test Yourself Answer these Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).

1. What is the place of consciousness in psychology’s history?

2. How does selective attention direct our perceptions?

3. What is the dual processing being revealed by today’s cognitive neuroscience?

 

  Terms and Concepts to Remember

   Test Yourself Write down the definition of each word.

                 consciousness

                cognitive neuroscience

                selective attention

                inattentional blindness

                change blindness

                 dual processing

                 blindsight

                 parallel processing

                 sequential processing

            

             Experience the Testing Effect

    Test Yourself Answer the following questions.

1. Failure to see visible objects because our attention is occupied elsewhere is called _________ _________ .

2. We register and react to stimuli outside of our awareness by means of _______ processing. When we devote deliberate attention to stimuli, we use __________ processing.

3. Inattentional blindness is a product of our ____________ attention.

 

MODULE  9 REVIEW

Sleep and Dreams

Learning Objectives             

Test Yourself:  Answer these Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).

1. What is sleep?

2. How do our biological rhythms influence our daily functioning?

3. What is the biological rhythm of our sleeping and dreaming stages?

4. How do biology and environment interact in our sleep patterns?

5. What are sleep’s functions?

6. How does sleep loss affect us, and what are the major sleep disorders?

7. What do we dream, and what functions have theorists proposed for dreams?

          

    Terms and Concepts to Remember

   Test Yourself Write down the definition.

                sleep

                circadian [ser-KAY-dee-an] rhythm

               REM sleep

               alpha waves

     delta waves

               suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

               insomnia

               narcolepsy

               sleep apnea

              REM sleep behavior disorder

                night terrors

              Dream

              manifest content

               latent content

               REM rebound

            

  Experience the Testing Effect

Test Yourself Answer the following questions.

1. Our body temperature tends to rise and fall in sync with a biological clock, which is referred to as the __________ __________ .

2. During the N1 sleep stage, a person is most likely to experience   a.  sleep spindles.   b.  hallucinations   c. night terrors or nightmares.    d.  rapid eye movements.

3. The brain emits large, slow delta waves during _________________ sleep.

4. As the night progresses, what happens to the REM stage of sleep?

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that have been proposed to explain why we need sleep.    a.Sleep has survival value.   b. Sleep helps us recuperate.   c. Sleep rests the eyes.  d. Sleep plays a role in the growth process.

6. What is the difference between narcolepsy and sleep apnea?

7. In interpreting dreams, Freud was most interested in their  a.  information-processing function.   b. neurocognitive function.  c.  manifest content, or story line.   d.  latent content, or hidden meaning.

8. How has activation-synthesis theory been used to explain why we dream?

9. “For what one has dwelt on by day, these things are seen in visions of the night” (Menander of Athens [342–292 b.c.e.], Fragments). How might we use the information-processing perspective on dreaming to interpret this ancient Greek quote?

10. The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation is referred to as ___________ _____________.

MODULE 10 REVIEW

Drugs and Their Effects

Learning Objectives

Test Yourself Answer these repeated Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).

1. What are  substance use disorders?

1. What roles do tolerance and addiction play in substance use disorders, and how has the concept of  addiction changed?

2. What are  depressants, and what are their effects?

3. What are  stimulants, and what are their effects?

4. What are  hallucinogens, and what are their effects?

5. What are  opioids, and what are their effects?

6. What is  cannabis, and what are its effects?

7. Why do some people become regular users of consciousness-altering drugs?

 

Terms and Concepts to Remember

Test Yourself 

Write down the definition of the words below.

· psychoactive drug

· substance use disorder

· tolerance

· addiction

· withdrawal

· depressants

· alcohol use disorder

· barbiturates

· stimulants

· amphetamines

· nicotine

· cocaine

· methamphetamine

· hallucinogens

· near-death experience

· LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)

· Ecstasy (MDMA)

· opioids

· cannabis

· THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol)

Experience the Testing Effect

Test Yourself Answer the following questions.

1. After continued use of a psychoactive drug, the drug user needs to take larger doses to get the desired effect. This is referred to as ______________.

2. The depressants include alcohol and 

1.

1. barbiturates.

2. morphine.

3. marijuana

4. ampletamines.

2.  Why might alcohol make a person more helpful  or more aggressive? 

3. Long-term use of Ecstasy can 

1. depress sympathetic nervous system activity.

2. deplete the brain’s supply of epinephrine.

3. deplete the brain’s supply of dopamine.

4. damage serotonin-producing neurons.

4. Near-death experiences are strikingly similar to the experiences evoked by _____________ drugs. 

5. Use of cannabis 

1. impairs motor coordination, perception, reaction time, and memory.

2. inhibits people’s emotions.

3. leads to dehydration and overheating.

4. stimulates brain cell development.

6. An important psychological contributor to drug use is 

1. inflated self-esteem.

2. the feeling that life is meaningless and directionless.

3. a genetic predisposition.

4. overprotective parents.

PART B

1. Steinbock argues that while adultery is a private matter, it is not a morally neutral matter. What does she mean by "private matter" and how is this different from other actions she considers? Why is adultery not a morally neutral matter? 

2. What do you think Steinbock's view on adultery is? Is it morally permissible or not? In one sentence state what you think her conclusion about adultery is in your own words. Give two quotations from the reading that function as premises that support this conclusion.

3. Respond to at least two other students and explain how their reconstruction helped you understand the argument or the skills we are learning in class.