Provide a reply as a DNP student of at least 250 words, use references different cfrom pot from 2020-2025.

to dinorah

 

The history of international health in the last century has been one of prioritization and increased responsibility. It began in the early 20th century with the name international health, and emphasis was on global control of infectious diseases. This was largely because of colonial trading prospects and the fear that diseases like cholera or plague could break out in the poor economies and affect the richer ones. With the rise of such institutions as the World Health Organization (WHO) after World War II, the shift towards cooperative activities and the increased conceptualization of health as the whole well-being occurred (WHO, 2024). During the late 1900s, smallpox was being eradicated, and primary healthcare made available to all. Health in the modern world is more expansive. Besides focusing on pandemics such as HIV/AIDS or COVID-19, it addresses chronic illnesses, mental health, and impact of climate change (WHO, 2024). The field recognizes that health challenges are interconnected and must be addressed by government, non-profit, and scientific intervention on an international basis.

Equity in health, social justice, prevention, and population-based approaches are the key concepts of global health. The global burden of disease can be explained using such notions and is defined as a collective impact of morbidity, impairment, and untimely mortality in the world (Walton et al., 2022). The burden of disease is not equally shared and very much relies on social determinants of health, which are income, education, housing, employment, environment, and access to healthcare. The developing economies continue to experience high rates of infectious diseases and maternal mortality, while developed countries face an aging population and lifestyle problems (Walton et al., 2022). Global health underlines the fact that poverty, inequality, conflict, and poor health systems are among those factors contributing to increased disease burden. These determinants must be addressed to ensure reduced illness and improved health outcomes are realized within populations.

Gauging healthcare systems in the world is a complicated yet a necessary undertaking. The analysis reveals the need to have better health outcomes (such as life expectancy), the need to be responsive to the demands of people, and the need to offer equitable financial protection. These objectives are generally met by high-performing systems, which are common in certain European and East Asian countries, and they are met by universal health coverage, primary care, and resource efficiency (Thomas-McLean et al., 2025). Assessment demonstrates extreme differences. In most of the low- and middle-income countries, the systems are not well financed or integrated resulting in high out-of-pocket expenses that plunge families into poverty. Effective assessment draws on both data, both health outcomes and financial statements, as well as surveys of patients. It indicates that it is not necessary to spend more money to get better health. Rather, the most effective systems will invest in social safety nets and primary prevention to deal with the determinants (Thomas-McLean et al., 2025).

Two main DNP Essentials are incorporated while developing this discussion. First, Essential V: Health Care Policy was used when the evolution of the system in relation to legislation was analyzed over the years. Second, the Essential II was utilized in the analysis of transition to value care and system consolidation (Waldrop et al., 2023). The combination of these necessities shows that sustainable health system reform takes both the skills of policy design and the leadership skills to effect change in complex organizations effectively. Moreover, this discussion fostered the essential role-specific competency of an in-depth understanding of the intricate healthcare setting, which is crucial in the field of advanced nursing practice leadership (Waldrop et al., 2023).

References

Thomas-McLean, H., Mak, R., Noonan, C. M., & Yip, W. (2025). Global Progress Toward Universal Health Coverage: Learning from Successes and Failures. Annual Review of Public Health, 47.

Waldrop, J., Reynolds, S. S., McMillian-Bohler, J. M., Graton, M., & Ledbetter, L. (2023). Evaluation of DNP Program Essentials of Doctoral Nursing Education: A scoping review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 46, 7-12.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.11.009

Walton, A. L., Nikpour, J. A., & Randolph, S. D. (2022). Population Health in a Global Society: Preparing Nurses for the Future. Public Health Nursing, 39(5), 1098-1106.

World Health Organization. (2024). History as A Partner in Public Health: A Report of the Foresight Think Tank on The History of Pandemics. World Health Organization.