Political Philosophy

How did the concept of authority in these philosophers develop ever since:

- the Ancient Greek times

- mid-evil times

- modern era 

Plato, Aristotle, AlFarabi, Ibn Khaldun, Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, Machiavelli, Karl Marx, Martin Luther.

Please talk about each philosopher, and put them in order by timeline. How did the concept of authority develop for each philosopher?