Peer responses 9/17/2023

PeerResponseHSE400Wk5.docx

Peer Response HSE 400

Charles: Recent secession rumblings in California stem from policy differences with the federal government, especially over climate change, immigration, and healthcare. Liberals feel an independent California could implement progressive ideals without federal interference. Politically, conservatives may benefit nationally by removing California's 55 electoral votes while liberals would control California. However, both sides could suffer from lost federal funding and fractured national politics.

Outside forces like Russia amplify fringe movements like Calexit to stoke division. Legally, the 1869 Supreme Court case Texas v. White ruled unilateral secession unconstitutional. National security would also be impacted given California's economic importance and coastal defense role.

While secessionist sentiments indicate real political divisions, separation is not the solution. Open discussion and compromise to address concerns, while upholding unity, is better for stability. In my view, states don't have a right to secede, and security would be threatened. But the underlying policy differences behind secession talk must be resolved through democratic means, not separatism. Unity remains essential for national interests.

Reference:

Davis, C. R. (n.d.). A leading California secession advocate got funding and direction from Russian intelligence agents, US government alleges. Business Insider. Retrieved September 13, 2023, from https://www.businessinsider.com/california-secession-movement-was-backed-by-russia-us-alleges-2022-7

Henry: A recent current event about a state mentioning seceding from the U.S. describes the Texas National Movement (TNM). This is not the first time that Texas has been in the spotlight for trying to secede from the U.S. In 1869 the supreme court ruled that it was unconstitutional, so it failed (Brown & Fox News, 2022). This movement is due to political separation in the United States. There are other movements that are similar, but these areas are not trying to secede from the U.S., but from one state to another (Greenblat, 2023). In this movement several counties in Oregon are trying to secede and become a part of Idaho (Greenblat, 2023). More and more like-minded individuals are moving to the same areas which is causing landslide wins during elections. Texas being successful in a secession could have detrimental consequences for conservatives. Being a “Republican” state and quite large, Texas has 40 electoral votes. Even though the votes would be lost altogether, that is potentially 40 electoral votes that would not be against liberal parties. Many factors influence these types of discussions, including the idea that the opposing party being in office is creating problems for the state. Different views creates problems concerning issues with Mexico and immigration throughout Texas. I do not believe that states should have the right to secede from the U.S. This would cause an imminent threat to national security, because the U.S. government would not be able to control who or how they communicate internationally. Having inside information on a state and federal level creates risk, because even though a state like Texas is large, they may not be able to defend against outside threats that want information. Or worse, they may even intend on selling information to help get their new “country” some allies.

References

Alperen, M. J. (2017). Foundations of Homeland Security: Law and Policy (2nd ed.). Wiley Global Research (STMS). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781119289135

Brown, J., & Fox News. (2022). Secession movements gain traction in US amid deepening political rifts: “a long-standing problem.” Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/us/secession-movements-gain-traction-us-amid-deepening-political-rifts-long-standing-problem

Greenblatt, A. (2023). We can’t all get along: What’s driving modern secession movements. Governing. https://www.governing.com/now/we-cant-all-get-along-whats-driving-modern-secession-movements

Must be 100 words

See Rubric for Details

PeerResponseHSE350Wk5.docx

Peer Response HSE 350

Response #1 (Kanysia): In our state of Georgia there's several entities that are working together to make the internet and its citizens safer. What they do is identify potential trouble spots, establish guidelines to keep everything secure, and educate users on how to be safe online. They have plans already in place to help address any problems that comes about, and they employ powerful methods to safeguard valuables. As new issues come, they continue to monitor them and adjust their strategy as necessary. To jointly find solutions, they converse with other locations as well. They also guarantee the security of personal data. The team in Georgia never stops finding new methods to make the internet a safer place for everyone. I would have never guessed or expected Georgia to be ranked third when it comes to information security in the United States. I honestly do not see anything wrong with Georgia’s Governance Approach. From reading on it in the textbook, it seems like they have this approach very organized and set up where unnecessary parties do not need to get involved if the issue is not a very serious one. I do believe that it is a smart idea that the Georgia Technology Authority (GTA) partnering with several colleges and federal agencies is a smart move from a cybersecurity standpoint. All of these entities can be useful in due time, as Georgia can benefit from each of them in some way or another. In the end, I do agree with what was stated in this portion of the text.

Reference: DHS. State Cybersecurity Governance Case Studies. 2017. PDF.

Response #2 (Brandy): How to address a range of cybersecurity challenges that cut across multiple government, public, and private sector organizations within Georgia? Look at the “Lessons Learned from Georgia’s Governance Approach” section and discuss if you agree or disagree with the content.

Georgia approaches governance incident response governance as to have an allowance for escalation of incidents from GTA to GEMHSA depending on the severity. GTA gathers an incident response team, or IRT, of governmental representatives who, as a team, are authorized to put the response process into action.

Georgia created a response process to manage minor to major cyber incidents utilizing multiple organizations. Georgia’s approach outlines when an agency can handle an incident on its own accord, when reach out for support from GTA, MSI, and STP and when an incident must be escalated to other governmental departments. The process takes this a step further to include when an agency needs to reach outside of local entities to mitigate or put an end to an incident before it becomes a larger scaled incident.

In “Lessons Learned from Georgia’s Governance Approach,” it is discussed that personnel in leadership is imperative, yet is not the end all or be all as governance crosses cyber space without boundaries. As laws, policies, processes, and structures do not change, although personalities and opinions may (CISA Cyber Governance).

I think Georgia’s escalation process is brilliant as time is of essence in mitigating a larger issue and it doesn’t waste valuable time getting to the proper channels for assistance with an incident at hand.

Resources:

CISA. Georgia Cyber Governance Case. https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Georgia_Cyber_Governance_Case_Study_508.pdf, Accessed 09/16/2023.

CISA. Cybersecurity Best Practices. https://www.cisa.gov/topics/cybersecurity-best-practices/cybersecurity-governance, Accessed 09/16/2023.

Instructor response: Great work assessing Georgia's role in cybersecurity. Good work assessing the State Government Systems Cybersecurity Review Board. What are the qualifications of someone on the State Government Systems Cybersecurity Review Board?

Must be 100 words

See Rubric for details

Instructor response does not have to be 100 words

HSE301PeerResponsesWeek5.docx

HSE 301 Peer Responses

Johnathan: For this particular scenario given that there are so many hazards that can lead to further injury or harm such as contamination of the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads. The first command staff position I would need is a Safety Officer. Secondly, I would need a financial administration section chief due to the mutual aid coming in from surrounding communities. Thirdly, due to the media representatives arriving a public information officer would be needed. Fourthly, I would also need a logistics section chief to provide support during the incident response such as transportation, communications, food services, and many more crucial elements. Finally, a planning section chief would also be needed in this scenario.

If I were an Incident Commander in this scenario I would obviously delegate the responsibilities of media briefings to the Public Information Officer to handle due to the responsibility of conducting periodic media briefings as part of the command staff. I would delegate the perimeter control and security needed in the business district to the Planning Section Chief since one of the key responsibilities of the Planning Section Chief is to assemble and disassemble task forces or strike teams and law enforcement teams that are not directly related to the operations. The handling of mutual aid from surrounding communities would be delegated to the Financial Administration Section Chief. I would delegate this aspect to the Finacial Administration Chief due to one of their key responsibilities being the management of all financial aspects of an incident. The damages such as the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads would be delegated to the Safety Officers. I would assign this aspect of the incident due to a few of their key responsibilities which are the identification and mitigation of hazardous situations, assigning assistants qualified to evaluate special hazards, exercising emergency authority to prevent unsafe acts, and initiating preliminary investigations of accidents within the incident area. the logistics section chief is there to provide support to the incident response team such as transportation, refueling, and communications to name a few.

Works Cited

ICS organizational structure and elements - FEMA. (n.d.-a). https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/icsresource/assets/ics%20organizational%20structure%20and%20elements.pdf

Spencer: In this scenario, the command staff positions I would assign would be an incident commander, public information officer, safety officer, and liaison officer. As the incident commander, I would establish a command post, and I would get my operation manager on search and rescue efforts going. Since everybody is evacuating, I would assign DOT to get roads open and fixed for evacuation routes and an incoming route only for responders and resources to come in and help out. If we have any schools, or colleges that are not damaged or getting flooded I will send my liaison officer and resource manager to get in contact with them to set up for shelter for the people that can't evacuate. Since the water is contaminated, I will get truckloads and tankers full of water to the area immediately. I would also have the resource manager to get generators, food, and medical supplies also. My safety officer would be in charge of setting up medical tents and triage in areas that are being affected and also getting first responders the safety equipment that is needed. Once we have roads established for incoming resources and evacuation routes, we can get power companies, construction contractors, and environmental companies in to start the recovery process. Next, I would get my public information officer to get with the media and give the evacuation routes, shelter information, and medical help information. Last but not least, I would get law enforcement to deal with traffic, protect and guard businesses in the district, and point people in the right direction for help.

Kevin: As incident commander, I’m in charge of all incident management duties, including operations, planning, logistics, finances, and administration. As the incident commander in this case, I will create sections to assign different tasks. These groups will serve as my team. I will designate an Operations Section Chief who will be in charge of coming up with and putting into practice a strategy and a set of tactics to achieve the incident's goals. This means that all of the tactical or response resources assigned to the incident are organized, delegated, and overseen by the Operations Section Chief. Therefore, the delivery of food and bottled water to the affected people will fall under the purview of the operations chief.

I would then assign the Planning Section Chief the responsibility of supervising the gathering, assessment, and dissemination of operational information regarding the incident. This person will keep tabs on resource usage.

The Logistics Chief will be in charge of providing the incident with facilities, services, and supplies. By providing enough food and water, logistics is responsible for ensuring the wellbeing of first responders.

The roles of finance and administration are also crucial. All monetary and cost analysis facets of an incident fall under the supervision of the Finance and Administration Section Chief. These include negotiating contracts, keeping track of staff and equipment usage, processing claims for accidents and injuries sustained during the incident, and keeping tabs on the expenses related to the weather event.

FEMA.GOV

THERE IS NO WORD COUNT FOR HSE 301

Posts that contain items such as "I agree" that do not further the conversation/topic will not earn credit. Further, put your writing into your own words, do not copy directly from a source. If you incorporate scholarly/peer reviewed sources in your posts be sure to cite them properly. APA Citation.

PeerResponseHSE400Wk5.docx

Peer Response HSE 400

Charles: Recent secession rumblings in California stem from policy differences with the federal government, especially over climate change, immigration, and healthcare. Liberals feel an independent California could implement progressive ideals without federal interference. Politically, conservatives may benefit nationally by removing California's 55 electoral votes while liberals would control California. However, both sides could suffer from lost federal funding and fractured national politics.

Outside forces like Russia amplify fringe movements like Calexit to stoke division. Legally, the 1869 Supreme Court case Texas v. White ruled unilateral secession unconstitutional. National security would also be impacted given California's economic importance and coastal defense role.

While secessionist sentiments indicate real political divisions, separation is not the solution. Open discussion and compromise to address concerns, while upholding unity, is better for stability. In my view, states don't have a right to secede, and security would be threatened. But the underlying policy differences behind secession talk must be resolved through democratic means, not separatism. Unity remains essential for national interests.

Reference:

Davis, C. R. (n.d.). A leading California secession advocate got funding and direction from Russian intelligence agents, US government alleges. Business Insider. Retrieved September 13, 2023, from https://www.businessinsider.com/california-secession-movement-was-backed-by-russia-us-alleges-2022-7

Henry: A recent current event about a state mentioning seceding from the U.S. describes the Texas National Movement (TNM). This is not the first time that Texas has been in the spotlight for trying to secede from the U.S. In 1869 the supreme court ruled that it was unconstitutional, so it failed (Brown & Fox News, 2022). This movement is due to political separation in the United States. There are other movements that are similar, but these areas are not trying to secede from the U.S., but from one state to another (Greenblat, 2023). In this movement several counties in Oregon are trying to secede and become a part of Idaho (Greenblat, 2023). More and more like-minded individuals are moving to the same areas which is causing landslide wins during elections. Texas being successful in a secession could have detrimental consequences for conservatives. Being a “Republican” state and quite large, Texas has 40 electoral votes. Even though the votes would be lost altogether, that is potentially 40 electoral votes that would not be against liberal parties. Many factors influence these types of discussions, including the idea that the opposing party being in office is creating problems for the state. Different views creates problems concerning issues with Mexico and immigration throughout Texas. I do not believe that states should have the right to secede from the U.S. This would cause an imminent threat to national security, because the U.S. government would not be able to control who or how they communicate internationally. Having inside information on a state and federal level creates risk, because even though a state like Texas is large, they may not be able to defend against outside threats that want information. Or worse, they may even intend on selling information to help get their new “country” some allies.

References

Alperen, M. J. (2017). Foundations of Homeland Security: Law and Policy (2nd ed.). Wiley Global Research (STMS). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781119289135

Brown, J., & Fox News. (2022). Secession movements gain traction in US amid deepening political rifts: “a long-standing problem.” Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/us/secession-movements-gain-traction-us-amid-deepening-political-rifts-long-standing-problem

Greenblatt, A. (2023). We can’t all get along: What’s driving modern secession movements. Governing. https://www.governing.com/now/we-cant-all-get-along-whats-driving-modern-secession-movements

Must be 100 words

See Rubric for Details

PeerResponseHSE350Wk5.docx

Peer Response HSE 350

Response #1 (Kanysia): In our state of Georgia there's several entities that are working together to make the internet and its citizens safer. What they do is identify potential trouble spots, establish guidelines to keep everything secure, and educate users on how to be safe online. They have plans already in place to help address any problems that comes about, and they employ powerful methods to safeguard valuables. As new issues come, they continue to monitor them and adjust their strategy as necessary. To jointly find solutions, they converse with other locations as well. They also guarantee the security of personal data. The team in Georgia never stops finding new methods to make the internet a safer place for everyone. I would have never guessed or expected Georgia to be ranked third when it comes to information security in the United States. I honestly do not see anything wrong with Georgia’s Governance Approach. From reading on it in the textbook, it seems like they have this approach very organized and set up where unnecessary parties do not need to get involved if the issue is not a very serious one. I do believe that it is a smart idea that the Georgia Technology Authority (GTA) partnering with several colleges and federal agencies is a smart move from a cybersecurity standpoint. All of these entities can be useful in due time, as Georgia can benefit from each of them in some way or another. In the end, I do agree with what was stated in this portion of the text.

Reference: DHS. State Cybersecurity Governance Case Studies. 2017. PDF.

Response #2 (Brandy): How to address a range of cybersecurity challenges that cut across multiple government, public, and private sector organizations within Georgia? Look at the “Lessons Learned from Georgia’s Governance Approach” section and discuss if you agree or disagree with the content.

Georgia approaches governance incident response governance as to have an allowance for escalation of incidents from GTA to GEMHSA depending on the severity. GTA gathers an incident response team, or IRT, of governmental representatives who, as a team, are authorized to put the response process into action.

Georgia created a response process to manage minor to major cyber incidents utilizing multiple organizations. Georgia’s approach outlines when an agency can handle an incident on its own accord, when reach out for support from GTA, MSI, and STP and when an incident must be escalated to other governmental departments. The process takes this a step further to include when an agency needs to reach outside of local entities to mitigate or put an end to an incident before it becomes a larger scaled incident.

In “Lessons Learned from Georgia’s Governance Approach,” it is discussed that personnel in leadership is imperative, yet is not the end all or be all as governance crosses cyber space without boundaries. As laws, policies, processes, and structures do not change, although personalities and opinions may (CISA Cyber Governance).

I think Georgia’s escalation process is brilliant as time is of essence in mitigating a larger issue and it doesn’t waste valuable time getting to the proper channels for assistance with an incident at hand.

Resources:

CISA. Georgia Cyber Governance Case. https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Georgia_Cyber_Governance_Case_Study_508.pdf, Accessed 09/16/2023.

CISA. Cybersecurity Best Practices. https://www.cisa.gov/topics/cybersecurity-best-practices/cybersecurity-governance, Accessed 09/16/2023.

Instructor response: Great work assessing Georgia's role in cybersecurity. Good work assessing the State Government Systems Cybersecurity Review Board. What are the qualifications of someone on the State Government Systems Cybersecurity Review Board?

Must be 100 words

See Rubric for details

Instructor response does not have to be 100 words

HSE301PeerResponsesWeek5.docx

HSE 301 Peer Responses

Johnathan: For this particular scenario given that there are so many hazards that can lead to further injury or harm such as contamination of the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads. The first command staff position I would need is a Safety Officer. Secondly, I would need a financial administration section chief due to the mutual aid coming in from surrounding communities. Thirdly, due to the media representatives arriving a public information officer would be needed. Fourthly, I would also need a logistics section chief to provide support during the incident response such as transportation, communications, food services, and many more crucial elements. Finally, a planning section chief would also be needed in this scenario.

If I were an Incident Commander in this scenario I would obviously delegate the responsibilities of media briefings to the Public Information Officer to handle due to the responsibility of conducting periodic media briefings as part of the command staff. I would delegate the perimeter control and security needed in the business district to the Planning Section Chief since one of the key responsibilities of the Planning Section Chief is to assemble and disassemble task forces or strike teams and law enforcement teams that are not directly related to the operations. The handling of mutual aid from surrounding communities would be delegated to the Financial Administration Section Chief. I would delegate this aspect to the Finacial Administration Chief due to one of their key responsibilities being the management of all financial aspects of an incident. The damages such as the water supply, downed power lines, and damaged roads would be delegated to the Safety Officers. I would assign this aspect of the incident due to a few of their key responsibilities which are the identification and mitigation of hazardous situations, assigning assistants qualified to evaluate special hazards, exercising emergency authority to prevent unsafe acts, and initiating preliminary investigations of accidents within the incident area. the logistics section chief is there to provide support to the incident response team such as transportation, refueling, and communications to name a few.

Works Cited

ICS organizational structure and elements - FEMA. (n.d.-a). https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/icsresource/assets/ics%20organizational%20structure%20and%20elements.pdf

Spencer: In this scenario, the command staff positions I would assign would be an incident commander, public information officer, safety officer, and liaison officer. As the incident commander, I would establish a command post, and I would get my operation manager on search and rescue efforts going. Since everybody is evacuating, I would assign DOT to get roads open and fixed for evacuation routes and an incoming route only for responders and resources to come in and help out. If we have any schools, or colleges that are not damaged or getting flooded I will send my liaison officer and resource manager to get in contact with them to set up for shelter for the people that can't evacuate. Since the water is contaminated, I will get truckloads and tankers full of water to the area immediately. I would also have the resource manager to get generators, food, and medical supplies also. My safety officer would be in charge of setting up medical tents and triage in areas that are being affected and also getting first responders the safety equipment that is needed. Once we have roads established for incoming resources and evacuation routes, we can get power companies, construction contractors, and environmental companies in to start the recovery process. Next, I would get my public information officer to get with the media and give the evacuation routes, shelter information, and medical help information. Last but not least, I would get law enforcement to deal with traffic, protect and guard businesses in the district, and point people in the right direction for help.

Kevin: As incident commander, I’m in charge of all incident management duties, including operations, planning, logistics, finances, and administration. As the incident commander in this case, I will create sections to assign different tasks. These groups will serve as my team. I will designate an Operations Section Chief who will be in charge of coming up with and putting into practice a strategy and a set of tactics to achieve the incident's goals. This means that all of the tactical or response resources assigned to the incident are organized, delegated, and overseen by the Operations Section Chief. Therefore, the delivery of food and bottled water to the affected people will fall under the purview of the operations chief.

I would then assign the Planning Section Chief the responsibility of supervising the gathering, assessment, and dissemination of operational information regarding the incident. This person will keep tabs on resource usage.

The Logistics Chief will be in charge of providing the incident with facilities, services, and supplies. By providing enough food and water, logistics is responsible for ensuring the wellbeing of first responders.

The roles of finance and administration are also crucial. All monetary and cost analysis facets of an incident fall under the supervision of the Finance and Administration Section Chief. These include negotiating contracts, keeping track of staff and equipment usage, processing claims for accidents and injuries sustained during the incident, and keeping tabs on the expenses related to the weather event.

FEMA.GOV

THERE IS NO WORD COUNT FOR HSE 301

Posts that contain items such as "I agree" that do not further the conversation/topic will not earn credit. Further, put your writing into your own words, do not copy directly from a source. If you incorporate scholarly/peer reviewed sources in your posts be sure to cite them properly. APA Citation.

PeerResponseHSE400Wk5.docx

PeerResponseHSE350Wk5.docx

HSE301PeerResponsesWeek5.docx

PeerResponseHSE400Wk5.docx

PeerResponseHSE350Wk5.docx

HSE301PeerResponsesWeek5.docx

PeerResponseHSE400Wk5.docx