arthur using evidence

  

No paper just anser the questions

Back when I was a hiring manager, I learned how to interview through trial and error.  In the beginning I asked the questions I thought I should be asking based on my previous interview experiences and things I saw on TV (yes, sad but true).  As I gained more experience though, I realized that I needed to ask better questions to get better answers.  Our text tells us that there are several kinds of questions.  As a recap, here they are:

· Questions of purpose

· Questions of information

· Questions of interpretation

· Questions of assumption

· Questions of implication

· Questions of point of view

· Questions of relevance

· Questions of accuracy

· Questions of precision

· Questions of consistency

· Questions of logic (Paul & Elder, 2012)

"These various types of questions are closely interrelated, and an effective thinker is able to use them productively in relation to one another" (Chafee, 2012).

Think about the questions you ask.  Think about the types of questions I ask.  In reviewing those questions, what types of questions were they?  Why do you select the category(ies) you did?  Why is it important to know about and use the various types of questions?

Reference:

Chafee, J. (2012). Thinking critically (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.

Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2012). Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your learning and your life (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

In this video, the highlight is on rhetoric, which is all about the art of persuasion. While it is closely linked to logic and reason, it uses appeal to emotion and focuses on "getting an audience to agree with and act on what we have persuaded them to consider" (Pearson Learning Solutions, 2014).

There are 3 goals for rhetoric:

· To teach

· To move

· To delight (Pearson Learning Solutions, 2014).

We see and hear rhetoric used around us on a daily basis in politics, advertising, etc., to persuade us to believe various ideas.

Class, provide an example of rhetoric that you have run across in the last week. Why is it so important for critical thinkers to be able to recognize rhetoric?

Reference:

Pearson Learning Solutions. (2014). Analyzing and constructing arguments. Retrieved from https://media.pearsoncmg.com/pls/us/phoenix/1323066411/chapter_8.html

In the video "Evidence in Argument: Critical Thinking," we are told, "When facts are given to us, we need to look at how those facts are presented....what has the author done with them" (Evidence in Argument, 2009).

Facts can be used to show something that may or may not be true, so it is up to us, as critical thinkers, to determine if there is evidence for the conclusions that are being proposed. This video shares some questions we need to consider:

• How has the author used the evidence?

• What else do we need to know? (What else should the author have told us?)

• Are there other ways of interpreting the evidence?

• What conclusions have been put forward and is there evidence for the conclusions? (Evidence in Argument, 2009)

We have all heard the phrase "Research shows" followed by a lot of numbers and data used to support some claim. For example, research shows that 4 out of 5 dentists recommend X brand of toothpaste.

Think about the questions above. Which one do you think is most important in considering evidence in arguments and why?

Reference:

Evidence in argument: Critical thinking [Video file]. (2009). Retrieved from https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=18566&xtid=49816