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Peer Response HSE 350

Response #1 (Heard):  As natural disasters have become more frequent and devastating in terms of aggression and human loss, The Department of Homeland Security must use every resource available to them to secure the nations critical infrastructure. This means developing a solid plan to make sure that federal networks are secure and the proper agencies are REDCON1 in times like disasters and attacks. The Cybersecurity Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) is one of the min actors in terms of securing federal networks when vulnerabilities are high like during natural disasters. The program that CISA created to deal with protecting federal networks in these times is the National Cyber Security Protection System (NCPS).  There is a technology that has been integrated into the NCPS called EINSTEIN. This technology can act as an early warning system that can identify and prevent cyber attacks on federal systems. There will also be a need for the Transportation Security Agency (TSA) to be involved because it is important to be able to communicate the movement of emergency personnel and mass disaster relief packages to certain areas without food, power, and other needed resources. There is also a lot of responsibility put on the private sector because they own much of the nation’s critical infrastructure. Information sharing is a must during national disasters. The government has come up with a plethora of programs dedicated to cybersecurity like two-factor identification. This give more security to a user as opposed to just having an organization or individual protected by password or lock and key alone. There has also been a software security standard implemented that mandates at least a baseline in cybersecurity. During natural disasters is one of the nation’s most vulnerable postures and DHS is using every inch of its reach to insure that critical programs and actors are able to communicate in such times.

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/05/12/fact-sheet-president-signs-executive-order-charting-new-course-to-improve-the-nations-cybersecurity-and-protect-federal-government-networks/

Response #2 (Ariel): In case of national disaster, I would utilize our FEMA as they are the organization who prepare, prevent and mitigate and responding to and recovery to all disaster. In other cases, fema always have up to sate information on their site. I would also utilize our programs like Food and Nutrition Service and disaster supplemental nutrition assistance program that provide food to them of low income and victim who suffered during the national disaster.  Another program would be national cybersecurity protection system that ensures our team are up to date with cyber attack and crimes and monitor our nation’s security. 

Must be 100 words

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Peer Response HSE 400

Quentin: There are many single incidents of discrimination to choose from. The United States has been plagued by the haunting and unfortunate history it has left behind due to mass discrimination and debilitating laws that may not be seen a discrimination to the untrained eye. Rather than pick one person, I have chosen a group of people that have consistently been denied one of the most basic constitutional rights of all. This is the right to vote. The right to vote has always and will continue to be under scrutiny until all playing fields are made even and fair.

            Jim crow laws were not the first but one of the first formal ways to discriminate against people of color and a certain economic demographic when voting is concerned. I wont go in to the extensive and lengthy history in detail, but you can’t speak of voting discrimination without at least mentioning the grandfather of it all.  After the 15th Amendment was ratified many states, and not just southern states began implementing things like poll taxes, godfather clauses, intimidation and literary exams like asking former enslaved people to read the constitution aloud. FYI the 15th amendment was ratified in 1870 to stop states from barring citizens the right to vote due to color. As I said, I don’t want to go into the lengthy history, but it’s a very compelling time in history.

            Disenfranchisement and gerrymandering has continued to be used as discrimination under the guise of voting laws and restrictions. For example, Georgia is being sued for its stringent set of laws that clearly appear to illegally and disproportionately discriminate against black voters. The right to vote is freedom of speech. The Georgia law SB 202 does things like limit the number of location and the number of drop boxes for voter to use. The law targets Atlanta that went from having 111 drop boxes down to 23. There is also a clause prohibiting someone from providing food or drink to those waiting in line. This is important because with the limit of voting stations in black neighborhood they are guaranteed to experience longer waiting times. Voting hours were also limited to 9 through 5. Voter purging is also under scrutiny. Although there is so much more to address with the new Georgia voting law and its discriminating factors, I encourage people to take a good look into how Georgia has strategically shifted the ease of voting away from black and brown communities.

https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/26/politics/georgia-voting-law-black-voters/index.html

Crowder: The tragic and heartbreaking killing of Ahmaud Arbery serves as a reminder of the seated racial prejudices and unjust systems that still persist in our society. This incident took place in February 2020 when two white men, Travis and Gregory McMichael pursued and fatally shot a man while he was out jogging in a Georgia neighborhood.

The entire incident was fueled by a combination of bias, vigilantism and the failure of the justice system. The McMichaels claimed they suspected Arbery of being involved in burglary, which sadly reflects the stereotype that unfairly associates activity, with Black individuals. This perception, combined with their belief that they had the authority to take matters into their hands resulted in a devastating outcome.

In response to this tragedy there was an outcry for justice across the nation. Protests erupted demanding accountability for Ahmaud Arbery's death and shedding light on the issue of racial profiling and violence against Black individuals. The delay in arresting Travis and Gregory McMichael only further intensified feelings of anger and disillusionment exposing flaws within our system when it comes to addressing racially motivated crimes.

It is important to acknowledge factors that contributed to this situation such as persistent systemic racism that perpetuates stereotypes and biases against marginalized communities. Additionally, there exists a concerning normalization of actions as responses, to perceived threats. Moreover, the historical backdrop of injustice and violence, in America has shaped a climate to the occurrence of such incidents.

The Ahmaud Arbery case emphasizes the pressing requirement for reforms within law enforcement and the justice system alongside a societal reflection on racial bias. It underscores the importance of understanding the intricacies that contribute to these incidents and addressing the problems that perpetuate them. By acknowledging these influences and actively striving to dismantle them we can strive towards progress, in building an more equitable society.

Must be 100 words

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HSE 400 Critical Thinking Rubric

Grading Rubrics

2. Critical Thinking Exercise Rubric

Participation in critical thinking exercises is essential to the successful completion of this course.  Please keep in mind the following guidelines to help you develop and formulate sound, thought-provoking responses and earn the maximum grade available.

General Guidelines

· Take the time to organize your thoughts prior to formulating your responses.

· Carefully proofread your responses before submitting them.

· Provide peer feedback using polite and courteous language.

· You must use proper APA style to cite and list your references.

· No credit will be given for posts made outside the week the critical thinking exercise is assigned.

· Substantive contributions are required. Posts such as "I agree" or "Good job" will not be awarded any credit in the critical thinking exercise.

Rubric Guidelines

· Main Topic Relevance  measures the relevance of  your response to the main topic.  To earn full credit, your post must contain content that clearly addresses the main topic of discussion.

· Main Topic Critical Thinking  measures your critical thinking ability in your response to the main topic.  To earn full credit, your post must be well developed with substantial, relevant supporting details that demonstrate critical thinking.

· Main Topic Timeliness  measures when you first post your response to the main topic.  To earn full credit, you must post your response to the main topic on or before the due date.

·

· The due dates for posting your first posts in the critical thinking exercise can be found on the course calendar, course schedule, the News and Announcement forums, or in the actual discussion forum post directions themselves. If you have any questions, contact your instructor at the appropriate email address found in the syllabus.

· Please note that critical thinking exercises are graded as separate assignments; guidelines and requirements are for EACH exercise, not collectively.

· Main Topic Post Length  counts the number of words you use in your response to the main topic.  To earn full credit, your post must be 250 words or more in length.

· Peer Response Engagement / Topic Relevance  measures your relevance to the topic being discussed and your engagement with peers.  To earn full credit, your peer responses must engage dialog relevant to the topic with at least two or more peers.

· Peer Response Length  counts the number of words you use in your peer responses.  To earn full credit, your peer responses must be 100 words or more in length.

· Overall Mechanics / Professionalism  measures your ability to communicate effectively.  To earn full credit, your contributions must be written in a professional manner using APA guidelines and be free of grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors.

Critical Thinking Exercises will be graded using the following criteria:

Criteria	16 points	24 points
Main Topic Relevance	Discussion post partially addressed the main topic.	Discussion post addressed the main topic.
Criteria	8 points	12 points
Main Topic Critical Thinking	Main points were apparent with some supporting details provided that demonstrated some critical thinking.	Main points were well developed with substantial, relevant supporting details that demonstrated critical thinking.
Criteria	8 points
Main Topic Timeliness	Created new Discussion Topic on or before initial due date.
Criteria	4 points	6 points	8 points	10 points
Main Topic Post Length	100-149 words.	150-199 words.	200-249 words.	250+ words.
Criteria	16 points
Peer Response Engagement / Topic Relevance	Dialog with two peers were relevant to the topic.
Criteria	4 points	6 points
Peer Response Length	Dialog with one peer met the required word length of 100+ words.	Dialog with two peers met the required word length of 100+ words.
Criteria	8 Points	12 Points
APA Style: In-Text Citations and References	APA style was used with some errors. Some in-text citations conform to APA style AND/OR some references are cited correctly AND/OR there is some accuracy between in-text citations and the references.	APA style was mostly used accurately and consistently. Most or all in-text citations conform to APA style. Most or all references are cited correctly. There is accuracy between in-text citations and the references.
Criteria	8 points	12 points
Overall Mechanics / Professionalism	Critical Thinking Exercise posts contained some APA, grammatical, spelling, capitalization, and/or punctuation errors, distracting from professionalism. (3 to 5 errors)	Critical Thinking Exercise posts were written in a professional manner using APA guidelines and were mostly free of grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors. (Less than 3 errors)