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A 50-year-old man has been suffering from substernal pain for the last 5 months, particularly on waking up in the morning. He lost his job a year ago and was suffering from depression. He consumes about 12–16 cans of beer every day. He has lost his appetite too and says that eating aggravates pain.

• Is this acute or chronic gastritis?
• What factors may lead to the development of gastritis?
• What investigation should be performed?
• How can the patient be treated?