Microbiology- Ebola disease slides

Surname 2

TaMinka Watford

Microbiology Lab

A.Rocha

Annotated Bibliography on Ebola

Almeida-Pinto, F., Pinto, R., & Rocha, J. (2024). Navigating the Complex Landscape of Ebola Infection Treatment: A Review of Emerging Pharmacological Approaches. Infectious Diseases and Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-023-00913-y

Almeida-Pinto et al. (2024) offer a comprehensive analysis of evolving pharmacological therapeutic interventions for the management of EVD. It provides the genomic pic of Ebola virus (EBOV) also describing with multifunctional roles that proteins encoded play in infection process. The one of the points which are highlighted by the review is about recent developments in EVD treatment, especially concerning antibody-based therapeutics and clinical practice guidelines within evidence-based medicine for several drugs. It discusses the upmost pressing issues of broadening therapeutic agents with a view to improve outcome per patient and zooms in on targeting viral proteins, host factors as upcoming means for novel therapy development. The review also addresses reposition of available drugs against other non-EVD indications as one viable approach for treatment EVD. This review provides a deep and updated understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving EVDs pathogenesis as well as how pharmacological treatments are changing.

Bettini, A., Lapa, D., & Garbuglia, A. R. (2023). Diagnostics of Ebola virus. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1123024

Bettini et al. (2023) concentrate on diagnostic techniques for Ebola virus, discussing the constraints of inadequate laboratory facilities at endemic areas and requirement for finding rapid and specific diagnostics. It assesses molecular tests including the Real-Star Altona and the Cepheid system regarding their efficacy as well as feasibility. Bettini et al. (2023) lay out the evolution of RDTs based on antibody detection and this sensitivity compared to molecular tests. In order to stress the value of confirming RDT-negative results with molecular tests, mentioned variations in sensitivity are provided. This article offers information about the available testing diagnostic strategies for Ebola virus and ongoing attempts to enhance diagnostics efficacy mainly in resource-restricted settings.

Jacob, S. T., Crozier, I., Fischer, W. A., Hewlett, A., Kraft, C. S., Vega, M.-A. de L., Soka, M. J., Wahl, V., Griffiths, A., Bollinger, L., & Kuhn, J. H. (2020). Ebola virus disease. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-0147-3

This critical analysis provides a general overview of the clinical aspects, location and spread transmission, diagnosis as well as management for victims suffering Ebola virus disease (EVD). Jacob et al. (2020) talk about the modes of transmission, zoonotic origins and high case- fatality rate for EVD. The importance of early diagnosis through a trio of case definition and laboratory tests in the formulation real-time reverse transcription PCR, rapid diagnostic test is reflected by this review. It also gives insights into the emerging medical countermeasure developments such as approvals of an EBOV target vaccine and transitioning case fatality to single digit survival. In addition, current and future EVD infection prevention strategies as well as an optimal clinical approach in the wake of learned lessons from recent outbreaks are included in this review. This article serves as a comprehensive reference in evaluating EVD epidemiology and pathogenesis as well as clinical management of the disease

Kiiza, P., Mullin, S., Teo, K., Adhikari, N. K. J., & Fowler, R. A. (2020). Treatment of Ebola-related critical illness. Intensive Care Medicine, 46(2), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05949-z

Kiiza et al. (2020) discuss contemporary clinical management of Ebola virus disease patients receiving critical care. It is on progress and current EVD care advances after the 2014–16 outbreak, such as point-of-care diagnostics breakthroughs characterization of clinical course in infected patients and patient – optimized standards. The article makes reference to critical care clinicians playing an essential role in managing complications arising from causation of EVD which often include life threatening conditions such as hypotension, electrolyte imbalance and respiratory failure among others. Kiiza et al. (2020) place critical care interventions, such as intravenous fluid resuscitation and vasoactive medications at the center of focus esp. renal replacement therapy for improved outcomes in patients. The issue of viability and safety when performing clinical interventions such as critical care in Ebola affected patients with highly trained personnel and upheld standards on infection prevention control are also dissected. This article gives useful insights of EVD management in intensive settings and the importance of ICU so that patients survival is improved.

Rojas, M., Monsalve, D. M., Pacheco, Y., Acosta-Ampudia, Y., Ramírez-Santana, C., Ansari, A. A., Gershwin, M. E., & Anaya, J.-M. (2020). Ebola virus disease: An emerging and re-emerging viral threat. Journal of Autoimmunity, 106(102375), 102375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102375

This EVD review covers molecular biology, etiology, clinical characteristics, and therapy. It describes the genomics and proteins of Ebola virus and their role in viral pathogenicity. Rojas et al. (2020) discusses Ebola intrinsic immunopathogenic manifestation and autoimmune-like symptoms in survivors. The veterinary pathologies rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus have been supported by putative mechanisms from many sources today. It emphasizes the challenges of autoimmune complications in EVD therapy and control and calls for greater study. This article provides a comprehensive picture of EVD, including its molecular causes, clinical manifestations, and consequences.

References

Almeida-Pinto, F., Pinto, R., & Rocha, J. (2024). Navigating the Complex Landscape of Ebola Infection Treatment: A Review of Emerging Pharmacological Approaches. Infectious Diseases and Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-023-00913-y

Bettini, A., Lapa, D., & Garbuglia, A. R. (2023). Diagnostics of Ebola virus. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1123024

Jacob, S. T., Crozier, I., Fischer, W. A., Hewlett, A., Kraft, C. S., Vega, M.-A. de L., Soka, M. J., Wahl, V., Griffiths, A., Bollinger, L., & Kuhn, J. H. (2020). Ebola virus disease. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-0147-3

Kiiza, P., Mullin, S., Teo, K., Adhikari, N. K. J., & Fowler, R. A. (2020). Treatment of Ebola-related critical illness. Intensive Care Medicine, 46(2), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05949-z

Rojas, M., Monsalve, D. M., Pacheco, Y., Acosta-Ampudia, Y., Ramírez-Santana, C., Ansari, A. A., Gershwin, M. E., & Anaya, J.-M. (2020). Ebola virus disease: An emerging and re-emerging viral threat. Journal of Autoimmunity, 106(102375), 102375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102375