Iraqi question

Incorporate what you've learned about Iraq in this module and answer  each of  the following questions in at least one complete paragraph.     

1. In which respect does Iraq have very shallow roots as a nation?        Explain how this feature has constituted an obstacle to the  country's       political and economic development? 
2. How were Saddam Hussein and the men around him able to create  and       sustain such a powerful regime, especially after all the  setbacks during       the two decades before the 2003 war?

scoring rubric

In which respect does  Iraq have very shallow roots as a nation? Explain how this feature has constituted an obstacle to the country's political and economic development? 

 How were Saddam Hussein and the men around him able to create and sustain such a powerful regime, especially after all the setbacks during the two decades before the 2003 war?